Hernia

Chophukacho ndi thumba lopangidwa ndi gawo la m'mimba (peritoneum). Thumba limabwera kudzera mu dzenje kapena malo ofooka olimba mwamtambo wam'mimba wozungulira minofuyo. Mzerewu umatchedwa fascia.

Mtundu wa hernia womwe muli nawo umadalira komwe kuli:

• Chitsamba chachikazi ndichotupa m'chiwuno chakumtunda, pansipa pamimba pake. Mtundu uwu umakonda kwambiri azimayi kuposa amuna.
• Matenda a Hiatal amapezeka kumtunda kwa m'mimba. Gawo lina la mmimba limakankha pachifuwa.
• Hernia yosadziwika imatha kupezeka pachipsera ngati mudachitidwapo opaleshoni yam'mimba m'mbuyomu.
• Chingwe cha umbilical ndi chotupa kuzungulira batani lamimba. Zimachitika pamene minofu yozungulira batani yamimba siyitsekera kwathunthu pambuyo pobadwa.
• Inguinal chophukacho ndi chotupa mu kubuula. Zimakhala zofala kwambiri mwa amuna. Itha kupita mpaka kukasumula.

Kawirikawiri, palibe chifukwa chomveka cha hernia. Nthawi zina, hernias imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha:

• Kukweza kwambiri
• Kukhazikika mukamagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi
• Zochita zilizonse zomwe zimakulitsa kukakamiza mkati mwa mimba

Hernias amatha kupezeka pakubadwa, koma ma bulge sangakhale owonekera mpaka pambuyo pake m'moyo. Anthu ena ali ndi mbiri ya banja la zitsamba.

Ana ndi ana amatha kutenga hernias. Zimachitika pakakhala kufooka mu khoma la m'mimba. Matenda a Inguinal amapezeka kwambiri mwa anyamata. Ana ena samakhala ndi zizindikilo mpaka atakula.

Zochita zilizonse kapena vuto lazachipatala lomwe limakulitsa kupanikizika kwa khoma la m'mimba ndi minofu kumatha kubweretsa chotupa, kuphatikizapo:

• Kudzimbidwa kwakanthawi (kwanthawi yayitali) ndikukankha mwamphamvu (kupsinjika) kuti ukhale ndi matumbo
• Kutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula
• Cystic fibrosis
• Kukula kwa prostate, kuyesetsa kukodza
• Zowonjezera kulemera
• Madzimadzi m'mimba (ascites)
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Chakudya choperewera
• Kusuta
• Kudzipereka kwambiri
• Machende osatsitsidwa

Nthawi zambiri palibe zisonyezo. Anthu ena amakumana ndi zovuta kapena zopweteka. Kusavutikaku kumatha kukulira pakuyimirira, pakupanikizika, kapena kunyamula zinthu zolemetsa. M'kupita kwanthawi, dandaulo lofala kwambiri ndi bampu yomwe imapweteka komanso ikukula.

Nthendayi ikakula, imatha kulowa mkati mwa dzenjelo ndikutaya magazi. Izi zimatchedwa kupotokola. Izi zimayambitsa kupweteka ndi kutupa pamalo opumira. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kulephera kupititsa mafuta kapena kukhala ndi matumbo

Izi zikachitika, opaleshoni imafunika nthawi yomweyo.

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala amatha kuwona kapena kumva chimfine mukamayesedwa. Mutha kupemphedwa kutsokomola, kupindika, kukankha, kapena kukweza. Hernia imatha kukula mukamachita izi.

Chotupa (chotupa) sichimawoneka mosavuta kwa makanda ndi ana, pokhapokha mwana akalira kapena akutsokomola.

Ultrasound kapena CT scan zitha kuchitidwa kuti mufufuze chophukacho.

Ngati pali kutsekeka m'matumbo, x-ray yam'mimba imachitika.

Opaleshoni ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe ingathetseretu chophukacho. Opaleshoni itha kukhala yowopsa kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto azachipatala.

Opaleshoni imakonza minofu yofooka yam'mimba (fascia) ndikutseka mabowo aliwonse. Ma hernias ambiri amatsekedwa ndi ma ulusi ndipo nthawi zina amakhala ndi timatumba tating'onoting'ono totseka dzenjelo.

Chiberekero cha umbilical chomwe sichichira chokha panthawi yomwe mwana ali ndi zaka 5 chikhoza kukonzedwa.

Zotsatira za hernias ambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino ndi chithandizo. Ndi kawirikawiri kuti chophukacho chimabwereranso. Hernias osadziwika bwino amatha kubwerera.

Nthawi zambiri, kukonzanso kwa hernia kungayambitse nyumba zomwe zimagwira ntchito machende amwamuna.

Vuto lina la kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya chophukacho ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, komwe kumatha kubweretsa dzanzi m'dera lakubalalo.

Ngati gawo lina la matumbo lidakodwa kapena kupotedwa asanachite opareshoni, matumbo kapena matumbo akufa amatha.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo ngati muli:

• Chophukacho chowawa komanso zomwe zili mkatimo sizingakankhidwe kumbuyo m'mimba pogwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika pang'ono
• Nseru, kusanza, kapena malungo limodzi ndi chophukacho chowawa
• Chotupa chomwe chimakhala chofiira, chofiirira, chakuda, kapena chosasintha

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kutupa, kapena kutupa.
• Kutupa kapena kutupa mu kubuula kapena batani la m'mimba, kapena komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi mdulidwe wakale.

Kupewa chophukacho:

• Gwiritsani ntchito njira zoyenera zokweza.
• Kuchepetsa thupi ngati muli wonenepa kwambiri.
• Pewani kapena pewani kudzimbidwa mwa kudya zakudya zambiri, kumwa madzi ambiri, kupita kuchimbudzi mukangolakalaka, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.
• Amuna akuyenera kuwona omwe amawapatsa ngati atakodza. Izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kukula kwa prostate.

Hernia - inguinal; Inguinal chophukacho; Chinsinsi chodziwika bwino komanso chotsogolera; Kung'amba; Kusokonekera; Kumangidwa

• Inguinal chophukacho kukonza - kumaliseche

• Inguinal chophukacho
• Inguinal hernia kukonza - mndandanda

Aiken JJ. Zitsamba zamagulu. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 373.

Malangoni MA, Rosen MJ. Hernias. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 44.