Neonatal hypothyroidism

Neonatal hypothyroidism imachepetsa kupanga kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro mwa mwana wakhanda. Nthawi zambiri, palibe mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe amapangidwa. Matendawa amatchedwanso kobadwa nako hypothyroidism. Kubadwa kumatanthauza kupezeka kuyambira kubadwa.

Chithokomiro ndi gawo lofunikira la dongosolo la endocrine. Ili kutsogolo kwa khosi, pamwambapa pomwe pamakumana ma kolala. Chithokomiro chimapanga mahomoni omwe amayang'anira momwe selo iliyonse mthupi imagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Izi zimatchedwa metabolism.

Hypothyroidism m'mwana wakhanda imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• Chithokomiro chosowa kapena chotukuka bwino
• Matenda a pituitary omwe samalimbikitsa chithokomiro
• Mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe sanapangidwe bwino kapena sagwira ntchito
• Mankhwala omwe mayi ake ankamwa ali ndi pakati
• Kusowa kwa ayodini muzakudya za mayi panthawi yapakati
• Ma antibodies opangidwa ndi thupi la mayi omwe amalepheretsa chithokomiro cha mwana

Matenda a chithokomiro omwe sanakule bwino ndiye vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Atsikana amakhudzidwa kawiri kuposa anyamata.

Makanda ambiri okhudzidwa amakhala ndi zizindikilo zochepa kapena alibe. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma hormone awo a chithokomiro ndi ochepa pang'ono. Makanda omwe ali ndi vuto la hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, kuphatikiza:

• Kuyang'ana kovuta
• Nkhope yotupa
• Lilime lakuda lomwe limatuluka

Maonekedwewa amakula nthawi zambiri matendawa akamakulirakulira.

Mwanayo amathanso kukhala ndi:

• Kudya moperewera, kutsekeka
• Kudzimbidwa
• Wouma, wosweka tsitsi
• Kulira mofuula
• Jaundice (khungu ndi azungu amaso amawoneka achikasu)
• Kupanda mphamvu ya minofu (mwana wakhanda)
• Tsitsi lochepa
• Kutalika kwakanthawi
• Kugona
• Ulesi

Kuyeza kwa khanda kumatha kuwonetsa:

• Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa minofu
• Kukula pang'onopang'ono
• Kulira kofuula kapena mawu
• Manja ndi miyendo yayifupi
• Mawanga ofewa kwambiri pa chigaza (fontanelles)
• Manja otambalala ndi zala zazifupi
• Mafupa a chigaza osiyana

Kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika kuti muwone momwe chithokomiro chimagwirira ntchito. Mayesero ena atha kuphatikizira:

• Chithokomiro cha ultrasound
• X-ray ya mafupa aatali

Kupeza matenda msanga ndikofunikira. Zotsatira zambiri za hypothyroidism ndizosavuta kusintha. Pachifukwa ichi, mayiko ambiri aku US amafuna kuti ana onse akhanda awunikidwe za hypothyroidism.

Thyroxine nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa kuti athetse hypothyroidism. Mwana akangoyamba kumwa mankhwalawa, amayesedwa magazi nthawi zonse kuti atsimikizire kuti mahomoni amtundu wa chithokomiro ali munthawi yofananira.

Kuzindikiritsidwa msanga nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Ana obadwa kumene amathandizidwa ndikuchiritsidwa m'mwezi woyamba kapena nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi luntha.

Hypothyroidism yosatetezedwa imatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu pakukula ndi kukula. Dongosolo lamanjenje limadutsa pakukula kofunikira m'miyezi yoyambirira mwana akabadwa. Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumatha kuwononga zomwe sizingasinthidwe.

Imbani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati:

• Mukumva kuti khanda lanu likuwonetsa zizindikilo za hypothyroidism
• Muli ndi pakati ndipo mwakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a antithyroid

Ngati mayi wapakati atenga ayodini wa radioactive khansa ya chithokomiro, chithokomiro chitha kuwonongeka m'mwana wosakhwima. Makanda omwe amayi awo adamwa mankhwalawa ayenera kuwonetsedwa mosamala atabadwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro za hypothyroidism. Komanso amayi apakati sayenera kupewa mchere wowonjezera ayodini.

Mayiko ambiri amafunika kuyesa kuyezetsa ana onse obadwa kumene kuti ali ndi hypothyroidism. Ngati dziko lanu lilibe izi, funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwana wanu wakhanda ayenera kuwunikidwa.

Chikhalidwe; Kubadwa kwa hypothyroidism

Chuang J, Gutmark-Wamng'ono I, Rose SR. Matenda a chithokomiro m'mimba mwatsopano. Mu: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, olemba., Eds. Fanaroff ndi Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine: Matenda a Mwana wosabadwa ndi Khanda. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 97.

Wassner AJ, Smith JR. Matenda osokoneza bongo. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 581.