Chotupa msana

Chotupa cha msana ndikukula kwamaselo (misa) mkati kapena mozungulira msana.

Mtundu uliwonse wa chotupa ukhoza kuchitika mumsana, kuphatikiza zotupa zoyambirira ndi zachiwiri.

Zotupa zoyambirira: ambiri mwazotupa izi ndizabwino komanso zimachedwa kukula.

• Astrocytoma: chotupa cha maselo othandizira mkati mwa msana
• Meningioma: chotupa cha minofu yomwe imakwirira msana
• Schwannoma: chotupa cha maselo ozungulira mitsempha
• Ependymoma: chotupa cha maselo chimayendera mphako zaubongo
• Lipoma: chotupa cha maselo amafuta

Zotupa zachiwiri kapena metastasis: zotupa izi ndimaselo a khansa ochokera kumadera ena a thupi.

• Khansa ya m'mimba, m'mapapo komanso m'mawere
• Leukemia: khansa yamagazi yomwe imayamba m'maselo oyera m'mafupa
• Lymphoma: khansa ya minofu yaminyewa
• Myeloma: khansa yamagazi yomwe imayambira m'maselo am'magazi am'mafupa

Zomwe zimayambitsa zotupa zam'mimbazi sizidziwika. Zotupa zina zoyambirira zam'mimba zimachitika ndimasinthidwe ena amtundu wa chibadwa.

Zilonda zam'mimba zimatha kupezeka:

• Mkati mwa msana (intramedullary)
• M'mimbamo (meninges) yophimba msana (extramedullary - intradural)
• Pakati pa ziphuphu ndi mafupa a msana (kunja)
• Mu mafupa a mafupa

Pamene chikukula, chotupacho chitha kukhudza:

• Mitsempha yamagazi
• Mafupa a msana
• Minyewa
• Mizu yamitsempha
• Maselo a msana

Chotupacho chimatha kuthamanga pamtsempha wamtsempha kapena mizu ya mitsempha, ndikuwononga. Pakapita nthawi, kuwonongeka kumatha kukhala kwamuyaya.

Zizindikirozo zimadalira malo, mtundu wa chotupa, komanso thanzi lanu. Zotupa zachiwiri zomwe zafalikira msana kuchokera kutsamba lina (zotupa zam'mimba) nthawi zambiri zimapita patsogolo mwachangu. Zotupa zoyambirira nthawi zambiri zimapita pang'onopang'ono pamasabata mpaka zaka.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Zovuta kapena kutaya mtima, makamaka m'miyendo
• Kupweteka kumbuyo komwe kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi, nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati kapena kutsika kumbuyo, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta ndipo sikumasulidwa ndi mankhwala opweteka, kumawonjezeka mukamagona kapena kupsinjika (monga nthawi ya chifuwa kapena kuyetsemula), ndipo imatha kufikira m'chiuno kapena miyendo
• Kutaya chiwongolero cha matumbo, kutuluka kwa chikhodzodzo
• Kutsekeka kwa minofu, kupindika, kapena ma spasms (fasciculations)
• Kufooka kwa minofu (kuchepa kwa mphamvu yaminyewa) m'miyendo yomwe imayambitsa kugwa, kumapangitsa kuyenda kuyenda kovuta, ndipo kumatha kukulira (kupita patsogolo) ndikubweretsa ziwalo

Kuyesa kwamitsempha (kwamitsempha) kungathandize kudziwa komwe kuli chotupacho. Wothandizira zaumoyo atha kupezanso zotsatirazi poyesa:

• Maganizo osazolowereka
• Kuchuluka kwa minofu
• Kutayika kwa ululu ndi kutentha
• Minofu kufooka
• Chikondi mumsana

Mayesowa atha kutsimikizira chotupa cha msana:

• Msana CT
• Nthenda ya MRI
• X-ray ya msana
• Kufufuza kwa Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Myelogram

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuchepetsa kapena kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa msana wa msana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mutha kuyenda.

Chithandizo chiyenera kuperekedwa mwachangu. Zizindikiro zikayamba msanga, amafunika chithandizo mwachangu kuti athetse kuvulala kwamuyaya. Zowawa zilizonse zatsopano kapena zosafotokozereka za wodwala khansa ziyenera kufufuzidwa bwino.

Mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) itha kuperekedwa kuti ichepetse kutupa ndi kutupa mozungulira msana.
• Kuchita mwadzidzidzi kungafunike kuti muchepetse kupindika kwa msana. Zotupa zina zimatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Nthawi zina, gawo la chotupacho limatha kuchotsedwa kuti lichepetse msana.
• Thandizo la radiation lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi, kapena m'malo mwake, opaleshoni.
• Chemotherapy sanatsimikizidwe kuti ndi othandiza motsutsana ndi zotupa zoyambirira zam'mimba, koma mwina zimalimbikitsidwa nthawi zina, kutengera mtundu wa chotupa.
• Thandizo lakuthupi lingafunike kuti minyewa yanu ikhale yolimba komanso kuti izitha kugwira ntchito payokha.

Zotsatira zimasiyanasiyana kutengera chotupacho. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi chithandizo chake kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.

Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha nthawi zambiri kumapitilizabe, ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni. Ngakhale kulemala kwakanthawi kumakhala kotheka, chithandizo choyambirira chingachedwetse kulemala kwakukulu ndi kufa.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi mbiri ya khansa ndipo mukumva kupweteka kwambiri msana komwe kumangofika mwadzidzidzi kapena kukulirakulira.

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko mukakhala ndi zizindikilo zatsopano, kapena zizindikilo zanu zimawonjezeka mukamachiza chotupa cha msana.

Chotupa - msana

• Zowonjezera
• Chotupa msana

DeAngelis LM. Zotupa zamkati wamanjenje. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 180.

Jakubovic R, Ruschin M, Tseng CL, Pejovic-Milic A, Sahgal A, Yang VXD. Kuchita opareshoni ndi kukonza kwa radiation kwa zotupa za msana. Kuchita opaleshoni. 2019; 84 (6): 1242-1250. (Adasankhidwa) [Adasankhidwa] PMID: 29796646 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29796646/.

Moron FE, Delumpa A, Szklaruk J. Zotupa zam'mimba. Mu: Haaga JR, Boll DT, olemba., Eds. CT ndi MRI ya Thupi Lonse. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 30.

Niglas M, Tseng CHL, Dea N, Chang E, Lo S, Sahgal A. Kupsinjika kwa msana. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 54.