Mercury poizoni

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zakupha kuchokera ku mercury.

Nkhaniyi ndi yongodziwa zambiri. MUSAMAGWIRITSE NTCHITO pofuna kuchiza kapena kusamalira poizoni weniweni. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene muli naye muli ndi chidziwitso, itanani nambala yanu yadzidzidzi (monga 911), kapena malo omwe muli poizoni kwanuko atha kufikiridwa mwachindunji poyimbira foni ya nambala yaulere ya Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States.

Pali mitundu itatu ya mercury yomwe imayambitsa matenda. Ali:

• Elemental mercury, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti madzi a mercury kapena quicksilver
• Mchere wambiri wa mercury
• Mankhwala a mercury

Elemental mercury amapezeka mu:

• Thermometers yamagalasi
• Kusintha kwamagetsi
• Mababu owala a fulorosenti
• Kudzazidwa mano
• Zida zina zamankhwala

Mankhwala enaake amapezeka mu:

• Mabatire
• Zomangamanga Labs
• Mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo
• Zithandizo za anthu
• Mchere wofiira wa cinnabar

Mankhwala a mercury amapezeka mu:

• Opha majeremusi achikulire (antiseptics) monga red mercurochrome (merbromin) (mankhwalawa tsopano aletsedwa ndi FDA)
• Mafuta a makala oyaka
• Nsomba zomwe zadya mtundu wa organic mercury wotchedwa methylmercury

Pakhoza kukhala magwero ena amitundu iyi ya mercury.

CHIWEREKEDWE CHOCHITIKA

Elemental mercury nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda vuto ikakhudza kapena kumeza. Ndi wandiweyani komanso woterera kotero kuti nthawi zambiri imagwera pakhungu kapena imasiya m'mimba ndi m'matumbo osayamwa.

Zowonongeka zambiri zitha kuchitika, komabe, ngati elemental mercury imalowa mumlengalenga ngati timadontho tating'ono tomwe timapumira m'mapapu. Izi zimachitika molakwika pomwe anthu amayesa kutsitsa mercury yomwe yatayika pansi.

Kupumira mu mercury elemental yokwanira kumayambitsa matenda nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimatchedwa zizindikiro zoyipa. Zizindikiro zanthawi yayitali zimachitika ngati zochepa zimapumira pakapita nthawi. Izi zimatchedwa zizindikiro zosatha. Zizindikiro zanthawi yayitali zimaphatikizapo:

• Kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa
• Kusanza
• Kuvuta kupuma
• Chifuwa choipa
• Kutupa, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa

Kutengera kuchuluka kwa mercury, mpweya wam'mapapo umatha kuwonongeka komanso kufa. Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwaubongo kochokera mu elemental mercury kumathanso kuchitika.

Pakhala pali ma mercury obayidwa pansi pa khungu, omwe amatha kuyambitsa malungo ndi zotupa.

CHIFUNDO CHA INORGANIC

Mosiyana ndi elemental mercury, inorganic mercury nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi poizoni ikamezedwa. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimameza, zizindikilo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Kuwotcha m'mimba ndi mmero
• Kutsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza

Inorganic mercury ikalowa m'magazi anu, imatha kuwukira impso ndi ubongo. Kuwonongeka kosatha kwa impso ndi impso kulephera kumatha kuchitika. Kuchuluka kwamagazi kumatha kuyambitsa magazi ambiri ndi kutayika kwamadzi kuchokera m'mimba ndi impso kulephera, kumabweretsa imfa.

CHIFUNDO CHACHIWERE

Organic mercury imatha kudwala ngati ipumira, kudyedwa, kapena kuyikidwa pakhungu nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri, organic mercury imayambitsa mavuto kwazaka zambiri kapena makumi angapo, osati nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kupezeka ndi organic mercury tsiku lililonse kwa zaka zambiri kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikiritso pambuyo pake. Kuwonekera kwakukulu kamodzi, komabe, kungayambitsenso mavuto.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikiritso zamanjenje, kuphatikizapo:

• Dzanzi kapena kupweteka m'magawo ena akhungu lanu
• Kugwedeza kosalamulirika kapena kunjenjemera
• Kulephera kuyenda bwino
• Khungu ndi masomphenya awiri
• Mavuto okumbukira
• Kugwidwa ndi kufa (ndikuwonetsedwa kwakukulu)

Kupezeka ndi mankhwala ochulukirapo ochulukirapo omwe amatchedwa methylmercury ali ndi pakati kumatha kuwononga ubongo wamwana nthawi zonse. Ambiri opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amalimbikitsa kuti azidya nsomba zochepa, makamaka lupanga, ali ndi pakati. Amayi ayenera kukambirana ndi omwe amawapatsa zomwe ayenera kudya komanso zomwe sayenera kudya ali ndi pakati.

Dziwani izi:

• Msinkhu wa munthu, kulemera kwake, ndi momwe alili (mwachitsanzo, kodi munthuyo ali maso komanso watcheru?)
• Gwero la mercury
• Nthawi imamezedwa, kupumira, kapena kukhudza
• Kuchuluka kumeza, kutulutsa mpweya, kapena kukhudza

Musachedwe kupempha thandizo ngati simukudziwa zomwe zili pamwambapa.

Malo anu olamulirako poizoni amatha kufikiridwa mwachindunji poyimbira foni yaulere ya dziko lonse (1-800-222-1222) kuchokera kulikonse ku United States. Nambala yoyimbira iyi ikulolani kuti mulankhule ndi akatswiri pankhani yakupha. Akupatsani malangizo ena.

Uwu ndi ntchito yaulere komanso yachinsinsi. Malo onse oletsa poizoni ku United States amagwiritsa ntchito nambala iyi. Muyenera kuyimba ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse okhudzana ndi poyizoni kapena kupewa poyizoni. SIYENERA kukhala mwadzidzidzi. Mutha kuyimba pazifukwa zilizonse, maola 24 patsiku, masiku 7 pasabata.

Chithandizo chazonse chakuwonetsedwa kwa mercury chimaphatikizapo izi pansipa. Chithandizo chodziwitsira mitundu ina ya mercury chimaperekedwa pambuyo podziwa izi.

Munthuyo ayenera kuchotsedwa kutali ndi komwe amawonekera.

Wothandizira zaumoyo amayesa ndikuwunika zizindikilo zofunika za munthuyo, kuphatikiza kutentha, kugunda, kupuma, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kuyesa magazi ndi mkodzo
• X-ray pachifuwa
• ECG (electrocardiogram) kapena kutsata mtima

Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Makala oyambitsidwa pakamwa kapena chubu kudzera pamphuno m'mimba, ngati mercury imameza
• Dialysis (makina a impso)
• Zamadzimadzi kudzera mumtsempha (mwa IV)
• Mankhwala ochizira matenda

Mtundu wowonekera udzawonetsa mayeso ena ndi chithandizo chofunikira.

CHIWEREKEDWE CHOCHITIKA

Kupuma poyizoni wa mercury kumakhala kovuta kuchiza. Munthuyo akhoza kulandira:

• Humidified oxygen kapena mpweya
• Kupumira chubu kudzera pakamwa kulowa m'mapapu ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina opumira (chopumira)
• Kutulutsa mercury m'mapapu
• Mankhwala ochotsera mercury ndi zitsulo zolemera m'thupi
• Kuchotsa opaleshoni ya mercury ngati jekeseni pansi pa khungu

CHIFUNDO CHA INORGANIC

Kwa poyizoni wa mercury poyizoni, mankhwala nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi chithandizo chothandizira. Munthuyo akhoza kulandira:

• Madzi a IV (kulowa mumtsempha)
• Mankhwala ochizira matenda
• Makina oyambitsidwa, mankhwala omwe amalowetsa zinthu zambiri m'mimba
• Mankhwala otchedwa chelators kuchotsa mercury m'magazi

CHIFUNDO CHACHIWERE

Chithandizo chokhudzana ndi organic mercury nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mankhwala otchedwa chelators. Izi zimachotsa mercury m'magazi ndikuyiyika kutali ndi ubongo ndi impso. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito milungu ndi miyezi.

Kupuma pang'ono kwa elemental mercury kumayambitsa zochepa, ngati zilipo, zoyipa zazitali. Komabe, kupuma kwambiri kungapangitse kuti mukhale mchipatala nthawi yayitali. Kuwonongeka kwamapapo kosatha ndikotheka. Pakhoza kukhala kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Kuwonekera kwakukulu kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa imfa.

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mercury kumatha kupangitsa kuti magazi ndi madzi ziwonongeke kwambiri, impso kulephera, komanso kufa.

Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa ubongo kuchokera ku organic mercury poyizoni ndikovuta kuchiza. Anthu ena samachira, koma zakhala zikuyenda bwino mwa anthu omwe amalandila chithandizo cha chelation.

Mahajan PV. Kuledzera kwambiri. Mu: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 738.

Theobald JL, Mycyk MB. Iron ndi zitsulo zolemera. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 151.