Kuchotsa chotupa cha m'mawere

Kuchotsa chotupa cha m'mawere ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa chomwe chingakhale khansa ya m'mawere. Minofu yozungulira mtanda imachotsedwanso. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumatchedwa "excisional breast biopsy", kapena lumpectomy.

Pachotsedwa chotupa chosakhala ndi khansa monga fibroadenoma ya m'mawere, chimatchedwanso chotupa cha m'mawere, kapena lumpectomy.

Nthawi zina, wothandizira zaumoyo samamva chotupacho akamakufunsani. Komabe, zitha kuwoneka pazotsatira zojambula. Poterepa, kuyika waya kumachitika asanachite opareshoni.

• Katswiri wa zamagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito mammogram kapena ultrasound kuti ayike singano (kapena ma singulo) mkati kapena pafupi ndi bere lachilendo.
• Izi zithandiza dokotalayo kudziwa komwe kuli khansayo kuti athe kuchotsedwa.

Kuchotsa chotupa cha m'mawere kumachitika ngati opaleshoni yakunja nthawi zambiri. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu (mudzakhala mukugona, koma mulibe ululu) kapena mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo (ndinu ogalamuka, koma ogonja komanso opanda ululu). Njirayi imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi.

Dokotalayo amadula pang'ono pa bere lako. Khansara ndi ziwalo zina zodziwika bwino za m'mawere zimachotsedwa. Katswiri wa matenda akuyesa nyemba zomwe zachotsedwa kuti atsimikizire kuti khansa yonse yatulutsidwa.

• Ngati palibe maselo a khansa omwe amapezeka pafupi ndi m'mbali mwa minofu yomwe yachotsedwa, amatchedwa malire omveka.
• Dokotala wanu amathanso kuchotsa zina zam'mimba m'khwapa lanu kuti awone ngati khansara yafalikira kwa iwo.

Nthawi zina, zidutswa zazitsulo zazing'ono zimayikidwa mkati mwa bere kuti zizindikire malo ochotsa minofu. Izi zimapangitsa malowa kukhala osavuta kuwona pama mammograms amtsogolo. Zimathandizanso kuwongolera chithandizo chama radiation, pakafunika kutero.

Dokotalayo amatseka khungu lanu ndi zokopa kapena zofunikira. Izi zitha kupasuka kapena ziyenera kuchotsedwa pambuyo pake. Nthawi zambiri, chubu chothira madzi chitha kuyikidwa kuti chichotse madzimadzi owonjezera. Dokotala wanu amatumiza chotupacho kwa wodwalayo kuti akayesedwe.

Opaleshoni yochotsa khansa ya m'mawere nthawi zambiri ndiyo gawo loyamba lazithandizo.

Kusankha opaleshoni yomwe ingakuthandizeni kungakhale kovuta. Kungakhale kovuta kudziwa ngati lumpectomy kapena mastectomy (kuchotsa bere lonse) ndibwino. Inu ndi omwe akukupatsani chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere mudzasankha limodzi. Mwambiri:

• Lumpectomy nthawi zambiri imakonda tizirombo tating'ono ta m'mawere. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi njira yaying'ono ndipo ili ndi mwayi wofanana wochiritsa khansa ya m'mawere ngati mastectomy. Ndi njira yabwino momwe mungasungire ma bere anu ambiri omwe sanakhudzidwe ndi khansa.
• Mastectomy yochotsa minofu yonse ya m'mawere imatha kuchitika ngati khansa ili yayikulu kwambiri kapena pali zotupa zingapo zomwe sizingachotsedwe popanda kupundula bere.

Inu ndi omwe mumapereka muyenera kulingalira:

• Kukula kwa chotupa chanu
• Kumene kuli m'mawere anu
• Ngati pali chotupa chopitilira chimodzi
• Kuchuluka kwa bere kumakhudzidwa
• Kukula kwa mabere anu poyerekeza ndi chotupacho
• Zaka zanu
• Mbiri ya banja lanu
• Thanzi lanu lonse, kuphatikiza ngati mwafika kumapeto
• Ngati muli ndi pakati

Zowopsa za opaleshoni ndi izi:

• Magazi
• Matenda
• Kuchira kovulaza mabala
  
• Matenda a mtima, sitiroko, imfa
  
• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala
• Zowopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi anesthesia wamba

Maonekedwe a bere lanu amatha kusintha mutachitidwa opaleshoni. Mutha kuwona kupindika, chilonda, kapena kusiyana pakati pa mabere anu. Komanso, dera la bere mozungulira chembalo likhoza kukhala lofooka.

Mungafunike njira ina yochotsera minofu ya m'mawere ngati mayesero akuwonetsa kuti khansara ili pafupi kwambiri m'mphepete mwa minofu yomwe yachotsedwa kale.

Nthawi zonse muuzeni omwe akukuthandizani:

• Ngati mungakhale ndi pakati
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mukumwa, ngakhale mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zitsamba zomwe mwagula popanda mankhwala
• Matenda omwe mungakhale nawo kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi latex
  
• Zomwe zidachitika ku anesthesia m'mbuyomu
  

M'masiku asanachitike opaleshoni yanu:

• Mutha kupemphedwa kusiya kumwa aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe amalepheretsa magazi anu kugwirana. Onetsetsani kuti mufunse omwe akukupatsani mankhwala omwe akuyenera kuyimitsidwa, komanso kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji musanachitike.
• Funsani omwe amakupatsani mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku la opareshoni yanu.
• Mukasuta, yesani kuyima kwa milungu iwiri musanachite opareshoni. Wopereka wanu atha kuthandiza.

Patsiku la opareshoni:

• Tsatirani malangizo a omwe amakupatsani omwe akudya kapena kumwa asanachite opaleshoni.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe wothandizirayo adakuwuzani kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Wothandizira anu adzakuuzani nthawi yoti mufike pochita izi.

Nthawi yobwezeretsa ndiyochepa kwambiri kwa lumpectomy yosavuta. Amayi ambiri samva kuwawa, koma ngati mumva kuwawa, mutha kumwa mankhwala opweteka, monga acetaminophen.

Khungu lanu liyenera kuchira pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Muyenera kusamalira malo odulira opareshoni. Sinthani mavalidwe monga omwe akukupatsani akukuuzani. Onetsetsani zizindikiro za matenda mukamabwera kunyumba (monga kufiira, kutupa, kapena kutsetsereka kuchokera pa incision). Valani botolo labwino lomwe limapereka chithandizo chabwino, monga bwalo lamasewera.

Mungafunike kutulutsa madzi okwanira kangapo patsiku kwa milungu 1 kapena 2. Mutha kufunsidwa kuyeza ndikulemba kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe atsanulidwa. Wopereka wanu adzachotsa kukhetsa pambuyo pake.

Amayi ambiri amatha kubwerera kumachitidwe awo achizolowezi sabata limodzi kapena apo. Pewani kunyamula, kuthamanga, kapena zinthu zomwe zimapweteka pamalo opangira opaleshoni kwa 1 mpaka 2 milungu.

Zotsatira za lumpectomy ya khansa ya m'mawere zimadalira makamaka kukula kwa khansara, komanso chotupacho. Zimadaliranso kufalikira kwake ku ma lymph node pansi pa mkono wanu.

Lumpectomy ya khansa ya m'mawere nthawi zambiri imatsatiridwa ndi radiation radiation ndi mankhwala ena monga chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, kapena onse awiri.

Nthawi zambiri, simusowa kumanganso bere pambuyo pa lumpectomy.

Lumpectomy; Kudulidwa kwapafupi; Opaleshoni yosamalira mawere; Opaleshoni yosapatsira pachifuwa; Tsankho mastectomy; Kugawa kwapadera; Kusokoneza

• Chifuwa cha kunja kwa mawere - kutulutsa
• Lymphedema - kudzisamalira
• Mastectomy - kumaliseche
• Chisamaliro cha bala la opaleshoni - chotseguka

• Chifuwa chachikazi
• Singano biopsy ya m'mawere
• Tsegulani zolemba za m'mawere
• Kudziyesa mabere
• Kudziyesa mabere
• Kudziyesa mabere
• Ziphuphu za m'mawere
• Lumpectomy
• Zimayambitsa zotupa za m'mawere
• Kuchotsa chotupa cha m'mawere - mndandanda

American Cancer Society. Opaleshoni yosunga bere (lumpectomy). www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment/surgery-for-breast-cancer/breast-conservation-surgery-lumpectomy. Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 13, 2017. Idapezeka Novembala 5, 2018.

Bevers TB, Brown PH, Maresso KC, Hawk ET. Kupewa khansa, kuwunika, ndi kuzindikira msanga. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: chap 23.

Kutha KK, Mittendorf EA. Matenda a m'mawere. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 34.

American Society of Amayi Opaleshoni. Magwiridwe ndi machitidwe oyeserera opaleshoni yosamalira bere / mastectomy pang'ono. www.breastsurgeons.org/docs/statement/Performance-and-Practice-Guidelines-for-Breast-Conservation-Surgery-Partial-Mastectomy.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa February 22, 2015. Idapezeka Novembala 5, 2018.

Wolff AC, Domchek SM, Davidson NE, Sacchini V, McCormick B. Khansa ya m'mawere. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: chap 91.