Tsegulani kuchotsa ndulu

Kutsegula kwa ndulu ndikutulutsa opaleshoni kuti muchotse ndulu kudzera pamatope akulu pamimba panu.

Ndulu ndi chiwalo chomwe chimakhala pansi pa chiwindi. Amasunga bile, yomwe thupi lanu limagwiritsa ntchito kupukusa mafuta m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono.

Kuchita maopareshoni kumachitika mukakhala kuti mukudwala kwambiri ndipo mudzagona komanso osamva ululu. Kuchita opaleshoniyi:

• Dokotalayo amadula mainchesi 5 mpaka 7 (masentimita 12.5 mpaka 17.5) kudula kumtunda chakumanja kwa mimba yanu, pansi pa nthiti zanu.
• Dera limatsegulidwa kotero kuti dokotalayo amatha kuwona ndulu ndikulekanitsa ndi ziwalo zina.
• Dokotalayo amadula ndulu ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imayambitsa ndulu.
• Ndulu imachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuchotsedwa mthupi lanu.

X-ray yotchedwa cholangiogram itha kuchitidwa mukamachita opaleshoni.

• Kuti muchite izi, utoto umalowetsedwa munjira yanu yodziwika ya ndulu ndipo x-ray imatengedwa. Utoto umathandiza kupeza miyala yomwe ikhoza kukhala kunja kwa ndulu yanu.
• Ngati miyala ina ipezeka, dokotalayo akhoza kuwachotsa ndi chida chapadera.

Kuchita opaleshoni kumatenga pafupifupi 1 mpaka 2 maola.

Mungafunike opaleshoniyi ngati muli ndi ululu kapena zisonyezo zina kuchokera ku ndulu. Mwinanso mungafunike opaleshoni ngati ndulu yanu ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Zizindikiro zodziwika zimaphatikizapo:

• Kudzimbidwa, kuphatikizapo kuphulika, kutentha pa chifuwa, ndi mpweya
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Ululu mukatha kudya, nthawi zambiri kumtunda chakumanja kapena chapakati pamimba mwanu (kupweteka kwa epigastric)

Njira yofala kwambiri yochotsera ndulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito chida chamankhwala chotchedwa laparoscope (laparoscopic cholecystectomy). Opaleshoni ya ndulu yotseguka imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati opaleshoni ya laparoscopic singachitike mosamala. Nthawi zina, dokotalayo amafunika kupita ku opareshoni yotseguka ngati opaleshoni ya laparoscopic singapitilize kuchita bwino.

Zifukwa zina zochotsera ndulu pochita opaleshoni yotseguka:

• Kutuluka mwadzidzidzi pa opaleshoni ya laparoscopic
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Pancreatitis (kutupa m'matumba)
• Mimba (trimester yachitatu)
• Mavuto aakulu a chiwindi
• Maopaleshoni akale m'dera lomwelo la mimba yanu

Zowopsa za ochititsa dzanzi ndi opaleshoni yonse ndi izi:

• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala
• Mavuto opumira
• Kukhetsa magazi, magazi kuundana
• Matenda

Kuopsa kwa opaleshoni ya ndulu ndi awa:

• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapita pachiwindi
• Kuvulaza njira yodziwika ya bile
• Kuvulaza matumbo ang'ono kapena akulu
• Pancreatitis (kutupa kwa kapamba)

Mutha kukhala ndi mayeso otsatirawa musanachite opaleshoni:

• Kuyesa magazi (kuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi, ma electrolyte, mayeso a chiwindi ndi impso)
• X-ray pachifuwa kapena electrocardiogram (ECG), ya anthu ena
• Ma x-ray angapo a ndulu
• Ultrasound ya ndulu

Uzani dokotala kapena namwino wanu:

• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mutha kukhala ndi pakati
• Ndi mankhwala ati, mavitamini, ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe mumamwa, ngakhale zomwe mudagula popanda mankhwala

Sabata isanachitike opaleshoni:

• Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musiye kumwa aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), vitamini E, warfarin (Coumadin), ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe amakupatsani chiopsezo chotaya magazi nthawi ya opaleshoni.
• Funsani dokotala wanu mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku la opareshoni yanu.
• Konzani nyumba yanu pamavuto aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo mukatha opaleshoni.
• Mudzauzidwa nthawi yobwera kuchipatala.

Patsiku la opareshoni:

• Tsatirani malangizo okhudza nthawi yosiya kudya ndi kumwa.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe dokotala adakuwuzani kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Sambani usiku watha kapena m'mawa wa opareshoni yanu.
• Fikani kuchipatala nthawi yake.

Mungafunike kukhala mchipatala masiku atatu kapena asanu mutachotsa ndulu. Nthawi imeneyo:

• Mutha kupemphedwa kupumira mu chida chotchedwa incentive spirometer. Izi zimathandiza kuti mapapu anu azigwira ntchito bwino kuti musapeze chibayo.
• Namwino amakuthandizani kukhala pabedi, kupachika miyendo yanu pambali, kenako kuyimirira ndikuyamba kuyenda.
• Poyamba, mudzalandira madzi mumitsempha mwanu kudzera mu chubu cha intravenous (IV). Posakhalitsa, mudzafunsidwa kuti muyambe kumwa zakumwa ndi kudya zakudya.
• Mutha kusamba mukadali kuchipatala.
• Mutha kupemphedwa kuvala masokosi othamangitsa miyendo yanu kuti muteteze magazi kuti asapangike.

Ngati panali zovuta panthawi yochita opareshoni, kapena ngati mumakhala ndi magazi, kupweteka kwambiri, kapena malungo, mungafunikire kukhala mchipatala nthawi yayitali. Dokotala wanu kapena anamwino adzakuuzani momwe mungadzisamalirire mutachoka kuchipatala.

Anthu ambiri amachira msanga ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kuchokera munjira imeneyi.

Cholecystectomy - lotseguka; Ndulu - cholecystectomy yotseguka; Cholecystitis - kutsegula cholecystectomy; Miyala yamiyala - cholecystectomy yotseguka

• Zakudya za Bland
• Chisamaliro cha bala la opaleshoni - chotseguka
• Mukakhala ndi nseru ndi kusanza

• Cholecystitis, CT kusanthula
• Cholecystitis - cholangiogram
• Cholecystolithiasis
• Chikhodzodzo
• Kuchotsa ndulu - Mndandanda

Jackson PG, Evans SRT. Dongosolo Biliary. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 54.

Rocha FG, Clanton J. Njira ya cholecystectomy: yotseguka komanso yowonongeka pang'ono. Mu: Jarnagin WR, Mkonzi. Opaleshoni ya Blumgart ya Chiwindi, Biliary Tract, ndi Pancreas. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 35.