Kumezanitsa khungu

Kukhomerera pakhungu ndi chigamba cha khungu chomwe chimachotsedwa ndikuchitidwa opaleshoni kuchokera m'mbali ina ya thupi ndikuyika, kapena kulumikizidwa, kudera lina.

Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumachitika nthawi zambiri mukakhala kuti muli ndi anesthesia. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala mukugona komanso wopanda ululu.

Khungu lathanzi limachotsedwa pamalo pathupi lanu lotchedwa opereka chithandizo. Anthu ambiri omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi khungu amakhala ndi khungu lolumikizana. Izi zimachotsa zigawo ziwiri zapamwamba za khungu kuchokera kwa omwe amapereka (epidermis) ndi wosanjikiza pansi pa epidermis (dermis).

Tsamba loperekera akhoza kukhala gawo lililonse la thupi. Nthawi zambiri, ndi malo obisika ndi zovala, monga matako kapena ntchafu yamkati.

Kumezanitsako kumafalikira mosamala pamalo opanda kanthu pomwe kathiridwe. Imakhala m'malo mwa kukakamizidwa pang'ono ndi chovala chokwanira chomwe chimaphimba, kapena ndi zakudya zazing'ono kapena zochepa. Dera lopezeka kwaopereka limakutidwa ndi zovala zosabala kwa masiku 3 mpaka 5.

Anthu omwe ali ndi zotayika zozama kwambiri angafunike kulumikizidwa khungu kwathunthu. Izi zimafunikira khungu lonse kuchokera kutsamba la omwe amapereka, osati magawo awiri okha apamwamba.

Kumezanitsa khungu kwathunthu ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Malo omwe amapereka opangira zolimba pakhungu lonse amakhala ndi khoma la chifuwa, kumbuyo, kapena m'mimba.

Zomatira pakhungu zitha kulimbikitsidwa kuti:

• Madera omwe mwakhala mukupezeka matenda omwe adayambitsa kuchuluka kwa khungu
• Kutentha
• Zodzikongoletsera kapena maopaleshoni okonzanso pomwe pakhala kuwonongeka kwa khungu kapena kutayika kwa khungu
• Opaleshoni ya khansa yapakhungu
• Opaleshoni yomwe imafunikira zolumikizira khungu kuti ichiritse
• Zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zamankhwala, kapena zilonda za shuga zomwe sizichira
• Zilonda zazikulu kwambiri
• Chilonda chomwe dokotalayo sanathe kutseka bwinobwino

Zomatira kwathunthu zimachitika pakatayika minofu yambiri. Izi zitha kuchitika ndikuthyoka kotseguka kwa mwendo wakumunsi, kapena pambuyo poti matenda awopsa.

Zowopsa za anesthesia ndi opaleshoni yonse ndi izi:

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mankhwala
• Mavuto ndi kupuma
• Kukhetsa magazi, magazi kuundana, kapena matenda

Zowopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi izi:

• Magazi
• Kupweteka kosautsa (kawirikawiri)
• Matenda
• Kutayika kwa khungu lolumikizidwa (kumtengowo sikukuchiritsa, kapena kumezanitsa pang'onopang'ono)
• Kuchepetsa kapena kutayika kwa khungu, kapena kukulitsa chidwi
• Zosokoneza
• Kusintha kwa khungu
• Malo osakanikirana pakhungu

Uzani dokotala kapena namwino wanu:

• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mukumwa, ngakhale mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zitsamba zomwe mwagula popanda mankhwala.
• Ngati mwakhala mukumwa mowa wambiri.

M'masiku asanachitike opareshoni:

• Mutha kufunsidwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa magazi anu kuphimba. Izi ndi monga aspirin, ibuprofen, warfarin (Coumadin), ndi ena.
• Funsani dokotala wanu wa mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku la opareshoni yanu.
• Ngati mumasuta, yesetsani kusiya. Kusuta kumawonjezera mwayi wanu wamavuto monga kuchira pang'onopang'ono. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti akuthandizeni kusiya.

Patsiku la opaleshoniyi:

• Tsatirani malangizo okhudza nthawi yosiya kudya ndi kumwa.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti mumamwe pang'ono.

Muyenera kuchira msanga mutalumikiza khungu lanu. Zomatira kwathunthu ndizofunikira nthawi yochulukirapo. Ngati mwalandilidwa kumtengowu, mungafunike kukhala mchipatala kwa sabata limodzi kapena awiri.

Mukatulutsidwa mchipatala, tsatirani malangizo amomwe mungasamalire khungu lanu, kuphatikiza:

• Kuvala kuvala kwa milungu iwiri kapena iwiri. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani momwe mungasamalire mavalidwe anu, monga kuteteza kuti isanyowe.
• Kuteteza kumezanitsidwa ndi zoopsa kwa masabata atatu kapena 4. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupeŵa kugundidwa kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe angavulaze kapena kutambasula chomera.
• Kulandila chithandizo chakuthupi, ngati dotolo wanu akuchonderera.

Zambiri zolumikizira khungu zimakhala bwino, koma zina sizichiritsa bwino. Mungafune kuphatikizanso kachiwiri.

Kuika khungu; Kujambula khungu; FTSG; STSG; Gawani makulidwe akhungu pakhungu; Kulumikiza kwathunthu khungu

• Kupewa zilonda zamagetsi
• Chisamaliro cha bala la opaleshoni - chotseguka

• Kumezanitsa khungu
• Magawo akhungu
• Kumezanitsa khungu - mndandanda

[Adasankhidwa] McGrath MH, Pomerantz JH. Opaleshoni yapulasitiki. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 68.

Ratner D, Nayyar PM. Zojambula, Mu: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Matenda Opatsirana. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 148.

Scherer-Pietramaggiori SS, Pietramaggiori G, Orgill DP. Kumezanitsa khungu. Mu: Gurtner GC, Neligan PC, eds. Opaleshoni ya Pulasitiki, Voliyumu 1: Mfundo. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 15.