Kuchita opaleshoni yaubongo

Kuchita opaleshoni yaubongo ndikuchita kuthana ndi zovuta muubongo ndi zomuzungulira.

Asanachite opareshoni, tsitsi lina lakumutu limametedwa ndipo malowo amatsukidwa. Dokotala amapanga opaleshoni kudzera pamutu. Malo omwe amadulidwawa amatengera komwe vuto laubongo limapezeka.

Dokotalayo amapanga zibowo pa chigaza ndipo amachotsa fupa.

Ngati zingatheke, dokotalayo amapanga dzenje laling'ono ndikuyika chubu lokhala ndi kuwala ndi kamera kumapeto. Izi zimatchedwa endoscope. Opaleshoniyi idzachitika ndi zida zoyikidwa kudzera mu endoscope. Kujambula kwa MRI kapena CT kungathandize kutsogolera dokotala pamalo oyenera muubongo.

Pochita opaleshoni, dokotalayo akhoza:

• Dulani chinyezi kuti muchepetse magazi
• Chotsani chotupa kapena chidutswa cha chotupa
• Chotsani minofu yachilendo yaubongo
• Kukhetsa magazi kapena matenda
• Tulutsani mitsempha
• Tengani zitsanzo za minofu yaubongo yothandizira kuzindikira matenda amanjenje

Chofufumitsacho chimasinthidwa pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni, pogwiritsa ntchito mbale zazing'ono zazitsulo, suture, kapena mawaya. Kuchita opareshoni iyi kumatchedwa craniotomy.

Chofufumitsa sichingabwererenso ngati opareshoni yanu ikukhudzana ndi chotupa kapena matenda, kapena ngati ubongo watupa. Kuchita opareshoni kwa ubongo kumeneku kumatchedwa craniectomy. Chofufumitsa chimatha kubwereranso nthawi ina m'tsogolo.

Nthawi yomwe amatenga opaleshoni imadalira vuto lomwe akuchiritsidwa.

Kuchita maubongo kungachitike ngati muli:

• Chotupa chaubongo
• Kutuluka magazi (kukha mwazi) muubongo
• Mitsempha yamagazi (hematomas) muubongo
• Zofooka m'mitsempha yamagazi (kukonza kwa ubongo)
• Mitsempha yamagazi yosazolowereka muubongo (ma arteriovenous malformations; AVM)
• Kuwonongeka kwa minofu yophimba ubongo (kwanthawi)
• Matenda muubongo (ma abscesses aubongo)
• Mitsempha yambiri kapena kupweteka kwa nkhope (monga trigeminal neuralgia, kapena tic douloureux)
• Kuphulika kwa chigaza
• Kupanikizika muubongo pambuyo povulala kapena sitiroko
• Khunyu
• Matenda ena amubongo (monga matenda a Parkinson) omwe atha kuthandizidwa ndi zida zamagetsi zomwe zimayikidwa
• Hydrocephalus (kutupa kwa ubongo)

Zowopsa za anesthesia ndi opaleshoni yonse ndi izi:

• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala
• Mavuto kupuma
• Kukhetsa magazi, magazi kuundana, matenda

Zowopsa zomwe zingachitike pakuchita opaleshoni yaubongo ndi:

• Mavuto polankhula, kukumbukira, kufooka kwa minofu, kusamala, masomphenya, kulumikizana, ndi ntchito zina. Mavutowa atha kukhala kwakanthawi kapena mwina sangathe.
• Kuundana kwamagazi kapena kutuluka magazi muubongo.
• Kugwidwa.
• Sitiroko.
• Coma.
• Matenda mu ubongo, bala, kapena chigaza.
• Kutupa kwa ubongo.

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani, ndipo atha kuyitanitsa mayeso a labotale ndi kujambula.

Uzani dokotala kapena namwino wanu:

• Ngati mungakhale ndi pakati
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mukumwa, ngakhale mankhwala owonjezera, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mwagula popanda mankhwala
• Ngati mwakhala mukumwa mowa wambiri
• Ngati mutenga aspirin kapena mankhwala odana ndi zotupa monga ibuprofen
• Ngati muli ndi chifuwa kapena zovuta zamankhwala kapena ayodini

M'masiku asanachitike opareshoni:

• Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musiye kumwa aspirin, ibuprofen, warfarin (Coumadin), ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse opatulira magazi.
• Funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe muyenera kumamwa patsiku la opaleshonilo.
• Yesetsani kusiya kusuta. Kusuta kumatha kuchepetsa kuchira mutatha opareshoni. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni.
• Dokotala wanu kapena namwino angakufunseni kuti musambe tsitsi lanu ndi shampu yapadera usiku woti achite opaleshoni.

Patsiku la opaleshoniyi:

• Mudzafunsidwa kuti musamamwe kapena kudya chilichonse kwa maola 8 mpaka 12 opaleshoniyo isanachitike.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe dokotala adakuwuzani kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Fikani kuchipatala nthawi yake.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzayang'aniridwa mosamala ndi gulu lanu lazachipatala kuti muwonetsetse kuti ubongo wanu ukugwira bwino ntchito. Dokotala kapena namwino akhoza kukufunsani mafunso, akuunikireni m'maso, ndikukupemphani kuti muchite ntchito zosavuta. Mungafunike oxygen kwa masiku angapo.

Mutu wa bedi lanu umakwezedwa kuti uthandizire kuchepetsa nkhope kapena mutu. Kutupa ndikwabwinobwino atachitidwa opaleshoni.

Mankhwala adzaperekedwa kuti athetse ululu.

Nthawi zambiri mumakhala mchipatala masiku atatu kapena 7. Mungafunike chithandizo chamankhwala (kukonzanso).

Mukapita kunyumba, tsatirani malangizo alionse amene mungadzisamalire.

Momwe mumachitira mutachitidwa opareshoni yaubongo zimadalira momwe akuchiritsirani, thanzi lanu lonse, gawo liti laubongo lomwe likukhudzidwa, ndi mtundu wa opareshoni.

Kusokoneza; Opaleshoni - ubongo; Opaleshoni; Craniectomy; Craniotomy yozizira; Stereotactic ubongo biopsy; Endoscopic craniotomy

• Kukonza aneurysm ya ubongo - kutulutsa
• Opaleshoni ya ubongo - kutulutsa
• Kusamalira kuchepa kwa minofu kapena kupindika
• Kuyankhulana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi aphasia
• Kuyankhulana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi dysarthria
• Khunyu akuluakulu - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Khunyu ana - kumaliseche
• Khunyu mwa ana - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Khunyu kapena khunyu - kumaliseche
• Sitiroko - kumaliseche
• Kumeza mavuto

• Asanachitike komanso pambuyo pake kukonzanso kwa hematoma
• Craniotomy - mndandanda

Ortega-Barnett J, Mohanty A, Desai SK, Patterson JT. Kuchita opaleshoni. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 67.

Zada G, Attenello FJ, Pham M, Weiss MH. Kukonzekera maopaleshoni: mwachidule. Mu: Winn HR, mkonzi. Opaleshoni ya Youmans ndi Winn Neurological. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 18.