Kuyesa kokwanira kwa nephelometry

Quantitative nephelometry ndi mayeso a labu kuti ayese msanga komanso molondola milingo ya mapuloteni ena otchedwa ma immunoglobulins m'magazi. Ma immunoglobulins ndi ma antibodies omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda.

Mayesowa amayesa makamaka ma immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, ndi IgA.

Muyenera kuyesa magazi.

Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola 4 mayeso asanayesedwe.

Pamene singano imayikidwa kuti ikoke magazi, anthu ena amamva kupweteka pang'ono. Ena amangomva kubaya kapena kuluma. Pambuyo pake, pakhoza kukhala kupunduka kapena kuvulala pang'ono. Izi posachedwa zichoka.

Chiyesocho chimapereka kuyeza mwachangu komanso molondola kuchuluka kwa ma immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, ndi IgA.

Zotsatira zodziwika za ma immunoglobulins atatu ndi awa:

• IgG: 650 mpaka 1600 milligrams pa deciliter (mg / dL), kapena 6.5 mpaka 16.0 gramu pa lita (g / L)
• IgM: 54 mpaka 300 mg / dL, kapena 540 mpaka 3000 mg / L.
• IgA: 40 mpaka 350 mg / dL, kapena 400 mpaka 3500 mg / L.

Zitsanzo pamwambapa zikuwonetsa muyeso wamba wazotsatira izi. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa ma labotore osiyanasiyana. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu tanthauzo la zotsatira zanu zoyesa. Ma lab ena amagwiritsa ntchito miyeso yosiyanasiyana kapena amayesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuchuluka kwa IgG kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Matenda opatsirana kapena kutupa
• Hyperimmunization (kuposa ma antibodies enieni)
• IgG angapo myeloma (mtundu wa khansa yamagazi)
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Matenda a nyamakazi

Kuchepetsa ma IgG atha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Agammaglobulinemia (otsika kwambiri ma immunoglobulins, matenda osowa kwambiri)
• Khansa ya m'magazi (khansa yamagazi)
• Multiple myeloma (khansa ya m'mafupa)
• Preeclampsia (kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi yapakati)
• Kuchiza ndi mankhwala ena a chemotherapy

Kuchuluka kwa IgM kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Mononucleosis
• Lymphoma (khansa ya minofu yam'mimba)
• Waldenström macroglobulinemia (khansa yamagazi oyera)
• Myeloma yambiri
• Matenda a nyamakazi
• Matenda

Kuchepetsa ma IgM atha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Agammaglobulinemia (chosowa kwambiri)
• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Myeloma yambiri

Kuchuluka kwa IgA kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Matenda opatsirana, makamaka am'mimba
• Matenda opatsirana otupa, monga matenda a Crohn
• Myeloma yambiri

Kuchepetsa milingo ya IgA kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Agammaglobulinemia (chosowa kwambiri)
• Cholowa cha IgA chosowa
• Myeloma yambiri
• Matenda am'mimba omwe amatsogolera ku kutaya kwa protein

Mayeso ena amafunikira kuti atsimikizire kapena kuzindikira zomwe zili pamwambapa.

Pali chiopsezo chochepa chotenga magazi anu. Mitsempha ndi mitsempha imasiyana mosiyanasiyana kuchokera pa munthu wina kupita kwina komanso kuchokera mbali imodzi ya thupi kupita mbali inayo. Kutenga magazi kuchokera kwa anthu ena kumatha kukhala kovuta kuposa ena.

Zowopsa zina zomwe zimakoka magazi ndi zochepa, koma mwina ndi izi:

• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kukomoka kapena kumva mopepuka
• Ma punctures angapo kuti mupeze mitsempha
• Hematoma (magazi akuchuluka pansi pa khungu)
• Kutenga (chiopsezo chochepa nthawi iliyonse khungu likasweka)

Kuchuluka kwa ma immunoglobulins

• Kuyezetsa magazi

Abraham RS. Kuunika kwa mayankho ogwira ntchito mthupi mwa ma lymphocyte. Mu: Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Shearer WT, Schroeder HW, AJ ochepa, Weyand CM, eds. Clinical Immunology: Mfundo ndi Zochita. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 93.

McPherson RA. Mapuloteni apadera. Mu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, olemba., Eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Wachitatu. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 19.