Mutu wa MRI

Mutu wa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ndiyeso yojambula yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi kupanga zithunzi za ubongo ndi mitsempha yoyandikana nayo.

Sagwiritsa ntchito radiation.

Mutu wa MRI umachitikira kuchipatala kapena malo opangira ma radiology.

Mumagona pa tebulo laling'ono, lomwe limalowa mu sikani yayikulu yooneka ngati ngalande.

Mayeso ena a MRI amafunika utoto wapadera, womwe umatchedwa kusiyanitsa zinthu. Utoto nthawi zambiri umaperekedwa mukamayesedwa kudzera mu mtsempha (IV) womwe uli m'manja mwanu kapena m'manja. Utoto umathandiza radiologist kuwona madera ena bwino lomwe.

Pa MRI, munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito makinawo amakuyang'anani kuchokera kuchipinda china. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 60, koma amatenga nthawi yayitali.

Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola 4 kapena 6 musanajambulitse.

Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati mukuwopa malo oyandikira (khalani ndi claustrophobia). Mutha kulandira mankhwala okuthandizani kuti mukhale ogona komanso osakhala ndi nkhawa. Kapenanso wothandizira wanu atha kunena za MRI "yotseguka", pomwe makinawo sali pafupi ndi thupi.

Mutha kupemphedwa kuvala chovala chaku chipatala kapena chovala chopanda matayi azitsulo (monga thukuta ndi t-sheti). Mitundu ina yazitsulo imatha kubweretsa zithunzi zosalongosoka.

Asanayesedwe, uzani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Zithunzi za ubongo
• Valavu yopangira mtima
• Mtetezi wamtima kapena pacemaker
• Zodzala zamakutu zamkati (cochlear)
• Matenda a impso kapena ali ndi dialysis (mwina simungathe kusiyanitsa)
• Ophatikizika posachedwa
• Mitsempha yamagazi
• Ankagwira ntchito ndi chitsulo m'mbuyomu (mungafunike kuyesa kuti muwone ngati zidutswa zazitsulo zili m'maso mwanu)

MRI ili ndi maginito amphamvu. Zinthu zachitsulo siziloledwa kulowa mchipindacho ndi sikani ya MRI. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Zolembera, zolembera mthumba, ndi magalasi amaso
• Zinthu monga zodzikongoletsera, mawotchi, makhadi a ngongole, ndi zothandizira kumva
• Pini, zikhomo zopangira tsitsi, zipi zachitsulo, ndi zinthu zina zachitsulo zofananira
• Ntchito yochotsa mano

Ngati mukufuna utoto, mudzamva pini la singano m'manja mwanu utoto utalowetsedwa mu mtsempha.

Kuyeza kwa MRI sikumapweteka. Ngati mukuvutika kuti mugone kapena mukuchita mantha kwambiri, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala kuti musangalale. Kusuntha kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza zithunzizo ndikupanga zolakwika.

Gome likhoza kukhala lolimba kapena lozizira, koma mutha kufunsa bulangeti kapena pilo. Makinawo amapanga phokoso lalikulu ndikumveketsa akamatsegulidwa. Mutha kufunsa mapulagi amakutu kuti athandizire kuchepetsa phokoso.

Intakomu m'chipindamo imakupatsani mwayi wolankhula ndi munthu nthawi iliyonse. Ma MRIs ena amakhala ndi ma TV komanso mahedifoni apadera omwe angakuthandizeni kupitilira nthawi kapena kuletsa phokoso la sikani.

Palibe nthawi yochira, pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mankhwala oti musangalale. Mukayesa MRI, mutha kubwereranso ku zomwe mumadya, zochita zanu, komanso mankhwala anu.

MRI imapereka zithunzi zambiri za ubongo ndi mitsempha.

MRI yaubongo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira ndikuwunika matenda ndi zovuta zambiri zomwe zimakhudza ubongo, kuphatikiza:

• Chilema kubadwa
• Kutuluka magazi (subarachnoid magazi kapena kutuluka magazi mumisempha ya ubongo)
• Zizindikiro
• Matenda, monga abscess ya ubongo
• Zotupa (khansa komanso zopanda khansa)
• Matenda a Hormonal (monga acromegaly, galactorrhea, ndi Cushing syndrome)
• Multiple sclerosis
• Sitiroko

Kujambula kwa MRI pamutu kumatha kudziwa chifukwa cha:

• Minofu kufooka kapena dzanzi ndi kumva kulasalasa
• Zosintha pakuganiza kapena machitidwe
• Kutaya kwakumva
• Mutu ukakhala ndi zisonyezo zina
• Kulankhula zovuta
• Mavuto masomphenya
• Kusokonezeka maganizo

Mtundu wapadera wa MRI wotchedwa magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) ukhoza kuchitidwa kuti uwone mitsempha yamagazi muubongo.

Zotsatira zachilendo zitha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Mitsempha yamagazi yosazolowereka muubongo (kuwonongeka kwamitsempha kwamutu)
• Chotupa cha mitsempha chomwe chimalumikiza khutu ku ubongo (acoustic neuroma)
• Kutuluka magazi muubongo
• Matenda aubongo
• Kutupa kwa ubongo
• Zotupa zamaubongo
• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kuvulala
• Kusonkhanitsa madzi ozungulira ubongo (hydrocephalus)
• Matenda a mafupa a chigaza (osteomyelitis)
• Kutayika kwa minofu yaubongo
• Multiple sclerosis
• Stroke kapena chosakhalitsa ischemic attack (TIA)
• Mavuto amachitidwe muubongo

MRI sagwiritsa ntchito radiation. Pakadali pano, palibe zovuta kuchokera kumaginito ndi mawailesi omwe adanenedwa.

Mtundu wosiyana kwambiri (utoto) womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gadolinium. Ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi zinthu sizichitika kawirikawiri. Komabe, gadolinium itha kuvulaza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso omwe ali ndi dialysis. Ngati muli ndi vuto la impso, uzani omwe amakupatsani chithandizo asanayesedwe.

Mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imapangidwa mu MRI imatha kupangitsa kuti mtima uzikhala wolimba komanso zopangira zina sizigwiranso ntchito. Zitha kupanganso chitsulo mkati mwathupi kusuntha kapena kusintha.

MRI ndiyotetezeka panthawi yapakati. Nthawi zambiri MRI imatha kukhala yovuta kwambiri kuposa kuyeserera kwa CT pamavuto muubongo monga magulu ang'onoang'ono. CT nthawi zambiri imakhala bwino poyang'ana madera ang'onoang'ono otuluka magazi.

Mayeso omwe angachitike m'malo mwa MRI yamutu ndi awa:

• Mutu wa CT
• Positron emission tomography (PET) sikani yaubongo

Makina a CT atha kusankhidwa pamilandu yotsatirayi, chifukwa imathamanga ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka mchipinda chadzidzidzi:

• Kupweteka kwakukulu kwa mutu ndi nkhope
• Kutuluka magazi muubongo (mkati mwa maola 24 mpaka 48 oyamba)
• Zizindikiro zoyambirira za stroke
• Matenda a mafupa a mafupa a mafupa a khutu

Nyukiliya maginito kumveka - cranial; Maginito ojambula zithunzi - cranial; MRI ya mutu; MRI - cranial; NMR - wamisala; Cranial MRI; MRI yaubongo; MRI - ubongo; MRI - mutu

• Ubongo
• Mutu wa MRI
• Zovuta zaubongo

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Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Kujambula kwa Magnetic resonance (MRI) - kuzindikira. Mu: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, olemba., Eds. Kuyesa Kwantchito ndi Njira Zakuzindikira. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 754-757.

Khan M, Schulte J, Zinreich SJ, Aygun N. Zowunikira zazithunzi zam'mutu ndi m'khosi. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 8.