Zojambulajambula

Echocardiogram ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumveka kuti apange zithunzi za mtima. Chithunzi ndi zidziwitso zomwe zimapanga ndizatsatanetsatane kuposa chithunzi cha x-ray. Echocardiogram sikukuwonetsani kuti mukhale ndi radiation.

ZOKHUDZA KWAMBIRI (TTE)

TTE ndi mtundu wa echocardiogram womwe anthu ambiri adzakhala nawo.

• Wopanga zojambulajambula amapanga mayeso. Dokotala wamtima (cardiologist) amatanthauzira zotsatira.
• Chida chotchedwa transducer chimayikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana pachifuwa ndi pamimba chapamwamba ndikulunjika kumtima. Chida ichi chimatulutsa mafunde akumveka kwambiri.
• Transducer amatenga phokoso la mafunde ndikumawatumiza ngati zikoka zamagetsi. Makina a echocardiography amasintha zikhumbozi kukhala zithunzi zosuntha za mtima. Zithunzi zimatengedwa.
• Zithunzi zitha kukhala ziwiri kapena zitatu. Mtundu wa chithunzi utengera gawo lamtima lomwe likuwunikidwa komanso mtundu wa makina.
• Doppler echocardiogram imayesa kuyenda kwa magazi kudzera mumtima.

Echocardiogram imawonetsa mtima pomwe ikugunda. Zimasonyezanso mavavu amtima ndi zinthu zina.

Nthawi zina, mapapu, nthiti, kapena minyewa ya thupi lanu imatha kulepheretsa mafunde ndikumveka kuti apereke chithunzi chomveka cha mtima. Ngati ili ndi vuto, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kubaya madzi pang'ono (kusiyanitsa) kudzera mu IV kuti awone bwino mkati mwa mtima.

Kawirikawiri, kuyezetsa kowopsa kogwiritsa ntchito ma probes apadera a echocardiography kungakhale kofunikira.

ZOTHANDIZA ZOKHUDZA KWAMBIRI (TEE)

Kwa a TEE, kumbuyo kwa mmero kwanu kwachita dzanzi ndipo chubu lalitali lotha kusintha koma lolimba (lotchedwa "kafukufuku") lomwe lili ndi transducer yaying'ono kumapeto kwake imayikika kummero kwanu.

Dokotala wamtima wophunzitsidwa mwapadera azitsogolera kutsikira kumimba ndi m'mimba. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mumve zithunzi za mtima wanu. Wothandizirayo atha kugwiritsa ntchito mayesowa kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za matenda (endocarditis) a magazi (thrombi), kapena zina zolumikizana kapena kulumikizana.

Palibe njira zapadera zofunika kuyesa mayeso a TTE. Ngati muli ndi TEE, simudzatha kudya kapena kumwa kwa maola angapo musanayezedwe.

Pakati pa mayeso:

• Muyenera kuvula zovala zanu kuyambira mchiuno ndikukwera patebulo loyesa kumbuyo kwanu.
• Maelekitirodi adzaikidwa pachifuwa panu kuti muwone kugunda kwa mtima wanu.
• Gulu la gel osakaniza pang'ono limafalikira pachifuwa panu ndipo transducer imasunthidwa pakhungu lanu. Mudzamva kupanikizika pang'ono pachifuwa chanu kuchokera pa transducer.
• Mutha kupemphedwa kupuma mwanjira inayake kapena kugubudukira mbali yakumanzere. Nthawi zina, kama wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukuthandizani kuti mukhale pamalo oyenera.
• Ngati mukukhala ndi TEE, mudzalandira mankhwala otsitsimula musanayike kafukufukuyu ndipo madzi amadzimadzi amatha kupopera kumbuyo kwanu.

Kuyesaku kumachitika kuti muwone mavavu ndi zipinda zamtima kuchokera kunja kwa thupi lanu. Echocardiogram ingathandize kuzindikira:

• Ma valve amtima osazolowereka
• Matenda amtima obadwa nawo (zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo pakubadwa)
• Kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamtima kuchokera pamtima
• Kung'ung'uza mtima
• Kutupa (pericarditis) kapena madzimadzi m'thumba mozungulira mtima (pericardial effusion)
• Kutenga kapena kuzungulira mavavu amtima (opatsirana endocarditis)
• Matenda oopsa
• Kutha kwa mtima kupopera (kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima)
• Gwero la magazi atagwidwa ndi stroke kapena TIA

Wopereka wanu atha kulangiza a TEE ngati:

• Nthawi zonse (kapena TTE) sizikudziwika bwinobwino. Zotsatira zosamveka bwino zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a chifuwa chanu, matenda am'mapapo, kapena mafuta owonjezera thupi.
• Gawo lamtima liyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Echocardiogram yodziwikiratu imawulula mavavu abwinobwino amkati ndi zipinda komanso mayendedwe abwinobwino a khoma la mtima.

Emocardiogram yachilendo imatha kutanthauza zinthu zambiri. Zovuta zina ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo sizimayambitsa zoopsa zazikulu. Zovuta zina ndizizindikiro za matenda akulu amtima. Mudzafunika mayeso ena ndi katswiri pankhaniyi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana za zotsatira za echocardiogram yanu ndi omwe amakupatsani.

Palibe zowopsa zilizonse zochokera kukayezetsa kunja kwa TTE.

TEE ndi njira yovuta. Pali zoopsa zina zoyesedwa. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala okhala pansi.
• Kuwonongeka kwa kholingo. Izi ndizofala kwambiri ngati muli ndi vuto lanu.

Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsirani za kuwopsa kokhudzana ndi mayeso awa.

Zotsatira zachilendo zitha kuwonetsa:

• Matenda a valavu yamtima
• Matenda a mtima
• Kutulutsa kwapericardial
• Zovuta zina zamtima

Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ndikuwunika zochitika zosiyanasiyana zamtima.

Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE); Echocardiogram - transthoracic; Doppler ultrasound ya mtima; Pamwamba echo

• Njira yoyendera

Otto CM. Zojambulajambula. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 55.

Solomon SD, Wu JC, Gillam L, Bulwer B. Zojambulajambula. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 14.