LASIK opaleshoni yamaso

LASIK ndi opaleshoni yamaso yomwe imasinthiratu mawonekedwe a cornea (chophimba chotseka kutsogolo kwa diso). Zimachitika kukonza masomphenya ndikuchepetsa kusowa kwa magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana.

Kuti muwone bwino, diso la diso ndi mandala ziyenera kupindika (kutulutsa) kuwala kowala bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zithunzi ziziyang'ana pa diso. Kupanda kutero, zithunzizi zidzasokonekera.

Kuwonongeka uku kumatchedwa "cholakwika chotsutsa." Zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati pa mawonekedwe a cornea (kupindika) ndi kutalika kwa diso.

LASIK imagwiritsa ntchito excimer laser (ultraviolet laser) kuti ichotse kansalu kakang'ono kakang'ono. Izi zimapatsa diso mawonekedwe atsopano kuti kuwala kowala kuyang'ane bwino pa diso. LASIK imapangitsa diso kukhala locheperako.

LASIK ndi njira yochiritsira kuchipatala. Zimatenga mphindi 10 mpaka 15 kuchita diso lililonse.

Njira yokhayo yodzikongoletsa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madontho amaso omwe amapundula pamaso. Njirayi imachitika mukadzuka, koma mudzalandira mankhwala oti akuthandizeni kupumula. LASIK itha kuchitidwa ndi diso limodzi kapena onse nthawi yomweyo.

Pochita izi, cholengedwa cham'mimba chimapangidwa. Chombocho chimachotsedwa kuti laser yoyeserera isinthe mawonekedwe am'munsi mwake. Kapangidwe kakapangidwe kake kamaletsa kuti isapatukane ndi diso.

LASIK itachitika koyamba, mpeni wapadera (microkeratome) udagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula chipacho. Tsopano, njira yodziwika bwino komanso yotetezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa laser (femtosecond) kuti apange cholumikizira.

Kuchuluka kwa minofu yam'maso yomwe laser ichotse kumawerengedweratu nthawi isanakwane. Dokotalayo adzawerengera izi kutengera zinthu zingapo kuphatikiza:

• Magalasi anu kapena mankhwala okhudzana ndi mandala
• Kuyesa koyang'ana kutsogolo, komwe kumawunikira momwe kuwala kumayendera kudzera m'diso lako
• Mawonekedwe a diso lanu

Kukonzanso kukachitika, dokotalayo amalowetsa m'malo mwake ndikutchinjiriza. Palibe zolumikizira zofunika. The cornea mwachilengedwe imangokhalira kukwapula.

LASIK nthawi zambiri imachitika kwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizana nawo chifukwa cha kuwona patali (myopia). Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kuona patali. Zingathenso kukonza astigmatism.

A FDA ndi American Academy of Ophthalmology apanga malangizo odziwitsa ofuna kulowa mu LASIK.

• Muyenera kukhala osachepera zaka 18 (21 nthawi zina, kutengera laser logwiritsidwa ntchito). Izi ndichifukwa choti masomphenya amatha kupitilizabe kusintha kwa anthu ochepera zaka 18. Chinthu chosowa kwambiri ndi mwana wokhala ndi diso loyang'ana pafupi komanso diso limodzi labwinobwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito LASIK kukonza diso loyandikira kwambiri kumatha kuteteza amblyopia (diso laulesi).
• Maso anu ayenera kukhala athanzi komanso kuti mankhwala anu azikhala okhazikika. Ngati mukuyandikira, muyenera kuchedwetsa LASIK mpaka mkhalidwe wanu utakhazikika. Kuwona moyandikira kumatha kupitilira kuwonjezeka mwa anthu ena mpaka azaka zapakati mpaka 20s.
• Lamulo lanu liyenera kukhala lomwe lingakonzedwe ndi LASIK.
• Muyenera kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. LASIK mwina sangayamikiridwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, nyamakazi, lupus, glaucoma, matenda a herpes a m'maso, kapena ng'ala. Muyenera kukambirana izi ndi dokotala wanu wa opaleshoni.

Malangizo ena:

• Ganizirani zoopsa ndi mphotho zake. Ngati mukusangalala kuvala magalasi kapena magalasi, mwina simungafune kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Onetsetsani kuti mukuyembekezera zenizeni kuchokera ku opaleshoniyi.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi presbyopia, LASIK sangathe kukonza masomphenya kotero kuti diso limodzi limatha kuwona patali komanso pafupi. Komabe, LASIK itha kuchitidwa kuti diso limodzi liziwona pafupi ndi linzake kutali. Izi zimatchedwa "monovision." Ngati mutha kusintha kusintha kumeneku, kumatha kapena kukuchepetsani kufunika kowerenga magalasi.

Nthawi zina, amafunika kuti achite diso limodzi. Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti ndinu woyenera, funsani za zabwino ndi zoyipa zake.

Simuyenera kuchita izi ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukuyamwitsa, chifukwa izi zimatha kukhudza kuyeza kwamaso.

Simuyenera kuchita izi mukamamwa mankhwala akuchipatala, monga Accutane, Cardarone, Imitrex, kapena oral prednisone.

Zowopsa zingaphatikizepo:

• Matenda a Corneal
• Mabala am'maso am'mimba kapena mavuto osatha ndi mawonekedwe a cornea, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuvala magalasi olumikizirana
• Chepetsani chidwi chotsutsana, ngakhale ndi masomphenya a 20/20, zinthu zitha kuwoneka zosalongosoka kapena zotuwa
• Maso owuma
• Glare kapena halos
• Kuzindikira kuwala
• Mavuto oyendetsa usiku
• Zigawo zofiira kapena pinki zoyera m'maso (nthawi zambiri zosakhalitsa)
• Kuchepetsa masomphenya kapena kutaya masomphenya kwamuyaya
• Kukanda

Kuyezetsa kwathunthu kumachitika musanachite opareshoni kuti muwonetsetse kuti maso anu ali athanzi. Mayesero ena adzachitika kuti aone kupindika kwa dongolo, kukula kwa ana mu kuwala ndi mdima, cholakwika cha m'maso, ndi makulidwe a dongolo (kuwonetsetsa kuti mudzakhala ndi minyewa yokwanira yotsalira pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni).

Mudzasayina fomu yovomerezekayi musanachitike. Fomuyi imatsimikizira kuti mukudziwa zoopsa za njirayi, zopindulitsa, zosankha zina, komanso zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni:

• Mutha kukhala ndikuyaka, kuyabwa, kapena kumverera kuti china chake chili m'diso. Kumva uku sikumatha maola opitilira 6 nthawi zambiri.
• Chishango cha diso chidzaikidwa pamwamba pa diso kuti chitetezeke. Zithandizanso kupewa kupaka kapena kupanikiza diso mpaka litakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yochira (nthawi zambiri usiku umodzi).
• Ndikofunika OSATI kupaka diso pambuyo pa LASIK, kuti chipacho chisasunthike kapena kusuntha. Kwa maola 6 oyamba, khalani ndi diso lotseka momwe mungathere.
• Dokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu komanso ogonetsa.
• Masomphenya nthawi zambiri amakhala osasintha kapena osasangalatsa patsiku la opareshoni, koma kufatsa kumawoneka bwino tsiku lotsatira.

Itanani pomwepo ndi dokotala wamaso ngati mukumva kuwawa kwambiri kapena zina mwazizindikiro zikuipiraipira musanapatsidwe nthawi (24 mpaka 48 maola mutachitidwa opaleshoni).

Paulendo woyamba pambuyo pa opareshoni, chishango cha diso chidzachotsedwa ndipo adokotala adzawona diso lanu ndikuyesa masomphenya anu. Mudzalandira madontho amaso kuti muthandizire kupewa matenda ndi kutupa.

Osayendetsa mpaka masomphenya anu atakula bwino kuti muchite bwino. Zinthu zina zofunika kuzipewa ndi monga:

• Kusambira
• Miphika yotentha ndi mafunde
• Lumikizanani ndi masewera
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola, ndi mafuta odzola m'masabata awiri kapena anayi mutachita opaleshoni

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakupatsani malangizo achindunji.

Masomphenya a anthu ambiri adzakhazikika m'masiku ochepa atachitidwa opaleshoni, koma kwa anthu ena, zimatha kutenga miyezi itatu mpaka 6.

Anthu ochepa angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ina chifukwa masomphenyawa akuchulukitsidwa kapena kusinthidwa bwino. Nthawi zina, mufunikanso kuvala magalasi kapena magalasi.

Anthu ena amafunikira opaleshoni yachiwiri kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Ngakhale kuchitidwa opaleshoni yachiwiri kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kuwona kwa mtunda, sikungathetsere zina, monga kunyezimira, ma halos, kapena zovuta zoyendetsa usiku. Awa ndi madandaulo ambiri pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya LASIK, makamaka pakagwiritsidwa ntchito njira yakale. Mavutowa adzatha pakatha miyezi 6 kuchitidwa opaleshoni nthawi zambiri. Komabe, anthu ochepa atha kupitilizabe kukhala ndi mavuto ndi kunyezimira.

Ngati masomphenya anu akutali asinthidwa ndi LASIK, zikuwoneka kuti mudzafunikirabe magalasi owerengera zaka pafupifupi 45.

LASIK yakhala ikuchitidwa ku United States kuyambira 1996. Anthu ambiri akuwoneka kuti akukhazikika masomphenya osasintha.

Laser-Kuthandizidwa Mu Situ Keratomileusis; Kukonza masomphenya a Laser; Kuwona moyandikira - Lasik; Myopia - Lasik

• Refractive corneal opaleshoni - kumaliseche
• Opaleshoni yam'maso - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Kuchita opaleshoni yamaso a Lasik - mndandanda

Chuck RS, Jacobs DS, Lee JK, et al; American Academy of Ophthalmology Njira Yoyeserera Yoyeserera / Gulu Loyeserera. Zolakwitsa zam'mbuyo & ma opaleshoni obwezeretsanso amakonda machitidwe. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (1): P1-P104. [Adasankhidwa] PMID: 29108748 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29108748/.

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