Opaleshoni yodutsa m'mimba

Kupyola m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yomwe imakuthandizani kuti muchepetse thupi posintha momwe mimba yanu ndi matumbo anu ang'onoang'ono amathandizira chakudya chomwe mumadya.

Pambuyo pa opareshoni, mimba yanu idzakhala yocheperako. Mudzamva kukhala wokhuta ndi chakudya chochepa.

Chakudya chomwe mumadya sichilowanso m'malo ena am'mimba mwanu ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono omwe amalowetsa chakudya. Chifukwa cha izi, thupi lanu silimalandila zakudya zonse zomwe mumadya.

Mudzakhala ndi anesthesia musanachite opaleshoniyi. Mudzakhala mukugona komanso opanda ululu.

Pali magawo awiri panthawi yochita opaleshoni yodutsa m'mimba:

• Gawo loyamba limachepetsa m'mimba mwanu. Dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zofunika kugawa m'mimba mwanu kachigawo kakang'ono kakang'ono komanso kachigawo kakang'ono pansi. Gawo lapamwamba la m'mimba mwanu (lotchedwa thumba) ndipamene chakudya chomwe mumadya chidzapita. Chikwamachi chimakhala chachikulu ngati mtedza. Imakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira 1 ounce (oz) kapena 28 g (g). Chifukwa cha izi mudzadya pang'ono ndikuchepetsa thupi.
• Gawo lachiwiri ndikudutsa. Dokotala wanu amalumikiza kachigawo kakang'ono ka m'matumbo anu aang'ono (jejunum) ndi kabowo mu thumba lanu. Chakudya chomwe mumadya tsopano chiziyenda kuchokera m'thumba kupita kutseguka latsopanoli mpaka m'matumbo anu ang'ono. Zotsatira zake, thupi lanu limamwa ma calories ochepa.

Kudutsa m'mimba kumatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri. Ndi opaleshoni yotseguka, dokotalayo amapanga kudula kwakukulu kuti atsegule mimba yanu. Kudutsako kumachitika pogwira ntchito m'mimba mwanu, m'matumbo ang'ono, ndi ziwalo zina.

Njira ina yochitira opaleshoniyi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kamera yaying'ono kwambiri, yotchedwa laparoscope. Kamera iyi imayikidwa m'mimba mwanu. Kuchita opaleshoni kumatchedwa laparoscopy. Kukula kwake kumalola dokotalayo kuti aone mkati mwa mimba yanu.

Pa opaleshoni iyi:

• Dokotalayo amadula mabala 4 mpaka 6 m'mimba mwanu.
• Kukula ndi zida zofunikira pakuchita opaleshonizi zimalowetsedwa kudzera mdulidwewu.
• Kamera imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kanema kanema m'chipinda chogwirira ntchito. Izi zimathandiza dokotalayo kuti aziwona mkati mwa mimba yanu pochita opaleshoniyo.

Ubwino wa laparoscopy pa opaleshoni yotseguka ndi monga:

• Kukhala mwachipatala mwachidule ndikuchira mwachangu
• Kupweteka pang'ono
• Zilonda zazing'ono komanso chiopsezo chochepa chotenga nthenda kapena matenda

Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumatenga pafupifupi maola 2 kapena 4.

Kuchita opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi kumatha kukhala kosankha ngati muli onenepa kwambiri ndipo simunathe kuchepetsa thupi kudzera pakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito index ya thupi (BMI) ndi thanzi monga mtundu wa 2 matenda ashuga (matenda ashuga omwe adayamba atakula) komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kuti adziwe kuti ndi anthu ati omwe angapindule ndi opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi.

Kuchita opaleshoni yodutsa m'mimba sikungathandize mwachangu kunenepa kwambiri. Zidzasintha kwambiri moyo wanu. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, muyenera kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kuwongolera magawo azomwe mumadya, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati simukutsatira izi, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kuchokera ku opaleshoniyi komanso kuchepa thupi.

Onetsetsani kuti mukambirane zaubwino ndi zoopsa zake ndi dotolo wanu.

Njirayi ingalimbikitsidwe ngati muli ndi:

• BMI ya 40 kapena kupitilira apo. Wina yemwe ali ndi BMI ya 40 kapena kupitilira apo amakhala osachepera mapaundi 100 (45 kilograms) kuposa kulemera kwakeko. BMI yanthawi zonse imakhala pakati pa 18.5 ndi 25.
• BMI yazaka 35 kapena kupitilira apo komanso matenda akulu omwe atha kusintha ndikuchepetsa thupi. Zina mwazomwe zimachitika ndimatenda obanika kutsekereza, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, ndi matenda amtima.

Kudutsa m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yayikulu ndipo ili ndi zoopsa zambiri. Zina mwaziwopsezozo ndizowopsa. Muyenera kukambirana za izi ndi dokotala wanu wa opaleshoni.

Kuopsa kokhala ndi anesthesia ndi kuchitidwa opareshoni ambiri ndi monga:

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mankhwala
• Mavuto opumira
• Kukhetsa magazi, magazi kuundana, matenda
• Mavuto amtima

Zowopsa zodutsa m'mimba ndi izi:

• Gastritis (zotupa zotupa m'mimba), kutentha pa chifuwa, kapena zilonda zam'mimba
• Kuvulala m'mimba, matumbo, kapena ziwalo zina panthawi yochita opaleshoni
• Kutuluka kuchokera pamzere pomwe ziwalo zam'mimba zidalumikizidwa pamodzi
• Chakudya choperewera
• Kuthyola mkati mwamimba mwanu komwe kumatha kubweretsa kutsekeka m'matumbo mwanu mtsogolo
• Kusanza posadya thumba lanu la m'mimba

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti mukapimidwe ndikuchezera ndi ena othandizira musanachite opaleshoniyi. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Kuyezetsa kwathunthu.
• Mayeso amwazi, ultrasound ya ndulu yanu, ndi mayeso ena kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi thanzi lokwanira kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Kuyendera dokotala wanu kuti mutsimikizire kuti mavuto ena azachipatala omwe mungakhale nawo, monga matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso mavuto amtima kapena am'mapapo, akuwongoleredwa.
• Upangiri wathanzi.
• Makalasi okuthandizani kuphunzira zomwe zimachitika pakuchita opareshoni, zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera pambuyo pake, komanso zovuta kapena zovuta zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pake.
• Mungafune kupita kukaonana ndi mlangizi kuti mutsimikizire kuti mwakonzeka kuchita izi. Muyenera kusintha zina ndi zina pamoyo wanu mukatha opaleshoni.

Mukasuta, muyenera kusiya milungu ingapo musanachite opareshoni ndipo musayambenso kusuta mutachitidwa opaleshoni. Kusuta kumachedwetsa kuchira ndikuwonjezera zovuta pamavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu kapena namwino ngati mukufuna thandizo kuti musiye.

Uzani dokotala kapena namwino wanu:

• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mutha kukhala ndi pakati
• Ndi mankhwala ati, mavitamini, zitsamba, ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale zomwe mwagula popanda mankhwala

Sabata isanachitike opaleshoni yanu:

• Mutha kufunsidwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa magazi anu kuphimba. Izi ndi monga aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), warfarin (Coumadin), ndi ena.
• Funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku la opareshoni yanu.
• Konzani nyumba yanu mukatha opaleshoni.

Patsiku la opareshoni:

• Tsatirani malangizo okhudza nthawi yosiya kudya ndi kumwa.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu adakuwuzani kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Fikani kuchipatala nthawi yake.

Anthu ambiri amakhala mchipatala kwa masiku 1 kapena 4 atachitidwa opaleshoni.

Kuchipatala:

• Mudzafunsidwa kuti mukhale pansi pambali pa kama ndikuyenda pang'ono tsiku lomwelo mukachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Mutha kukhala ndi catheter (chubu) yomwe imadutsa mphuno mwanu m'mimba mwanu kwa masiku 1 kapena awiri. Izi chubu zimathandiza kukhetsa madzi kuchokera m'matumbo mwanu.
• Mutha kukhala ndi catheter mu chikhodzodzo kuti muchotse mkodzo.
• Simudzatha kudya kwa masiku 1 kapena 3 oyamba. Pambuyo pake, mutha kukhala ndi zakumwa kenako ndikutsuka kapena zakudya zofewa.
• Mutha kukhala ndi chubu cholumikizidwa mbali yayikulu yam'mimba yomwe mudadutsamo. Catheter idzatuluka m'mbali mwanu ndipo idzakhetsa madzi.
• Mudzavala masitayilo apadera m'miyendo mwanu kuti muteteze kuundana kwamagazi.
• Mudzalandira akatemera a mankhwala kuti muteteze magazi.
• Mudzalandira mankhwala opweteka. Mudzamwa mapiritsi a zowawa kapena kulandira mankhwala opweteka kudzera mu IV, catheter yomwe imalowa mumtsinje wanu.

Mutha kupita kwanu mukadzakhala:

• Mutha kudya chakudya chamadzimadzi kapena choyera popanda kusanza.
• Mutha kuyendayenda popanda zowawa zambiri.
• Simukusowa mankhwala opweteka kudzera mu IV kapena kuperekedwa ndi kuwombera.

Onetsetsani kutsatira malangizo amomwe mungadzisamalire nokha kunyumba.

Anthu ambiri amataya pafupifupi mapaundi 10 mpaka 20 (4.5 mpaka 9 kilograms) pamwezi mchaka choyamba atachitidwa opaleshoni. Kuchepetsa thupi kumachepa pakapita nthawi. Mukamamamatira pachakudya chanu ndi pulogalamu yochita zolimbitsa thupi kuyambira pachiyambi, mumachepa kwambiri.

Mutha kutaya theka kapena kupitirirapo kwa kulemera kwanu m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira. Mutha kuonda msanga mukadzachitidwa opaleshoni ngati mukadali ndi zakudya zamadzimadzi kapena zoyera.

Kuchepetsa thupi pambuyo poti kuchitidwa opaleshoni kumatha kukonza matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo:

• Mphumu
• Matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Cholesterol wokwera
• Kulepheretsa kugona tulo
• Type 2 matenda ashuga

Kulemera pang'ono kuyeneranso kukupangitsani kukhala kosavuta kuti muziyenda mozungulira ndikuchita zochitika zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuti muchepetse kunenepa ndikupewa zovuta pazomwe mukuchita, muyenera kutsatira zolimbitsa thupi ndi malangizo azakudya omwe dokotala wanu komanso wazakudya zakupatsani.

Bariatric opaleshoni - kulambalala m'mimba; Roux-en-Y wodutsa m'mimba; Kudutsa kwapakati - Roux-en-Y; Kuchita opaleshoni yolemetsa - kuchepa kwa m'mimba; Kuchita kunenepa kwambiri - kudutsa m'mimba

• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Chitetezo cha bafa cha akulu
• Musanachite opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Opaleshoni yolambalala m'mimba - kutulutsa
• Laparoscopic chapamimba banding - kumaliseche
• Kupewa kugwa
• Chisamaliro cha bala la opaleshoni - chotseguka
• Mukakhala ndi nseru ndi kusanza
• Zakudya zanu mutatha opaleshoni yam'mimba

• Kuchita opaleshoni ya m'mimba ya Roux-en-Y kuti muchepetse kunenepa
• Chosinthika chapamimba banding
• Ofukula banded gastroplasty
• Kusintha kwa Biliopancreatic (BPD)
• Kusintha kwa Biliopancreatic ndikusintha kwa duodenal
• Matenda otaya

Buchwald H. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y wodutsa m'mimba. Mu: Buchwald H, mkonzi. Buchwald's Atlas of Metabolic & Bariatric Njira za Opaleshoni ndi Njiras. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: mutu 6.

Buchwald H. Open Roux-en-Y wodutsa m'mimba. Mu: Buchwald H, mkonzi. Buchwald's Atlas of Metabolic & Bariatric Njira za Opaleshoni ndi Njira. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: chap 5.

Richards WO. Kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 47.

(Adasankhidwa) Sullivan S, Edmundowicz SA, Morton JM. Opaleshoni ndi endoscopic chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 8.