Total parenteral zakudya - makanda

Zakudya zonse za makolo (TPN) ndi njira yodyetsera yomwe imadutsa m'mimba. Zamadzimadzi zimaperekedwa mumtsinje kuti mupereke zakudya zambiri zomwe thupi limafunikira. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati munthu sangathe kapena sayenera kulandira chakudya kapena madzi pakamwa.

Odwala kapena akhanda akhanda msanga atha kupatsidwa TPN asanayambe kudyetsa kwina. Atha kukhala ndi chakudya chamtunduwu pomwe sangathe kuyamwa michere kudzera m'matumbo kwa nthawi yayitali. TPN imapereka chisakanizo cha madzi, ma electrolyte, shuga, amino acid (mapuloteni), mavitamini, mchere, ndipo nthawi zambiri lipids (mafuta) mumtsempha wa khanda. TPN ikhoza kupulumutsa moyo kwa ana aang'ono kwambiri kapena odwala kwambiri. Ikhoza kukupatsani thanzi labwino kuposa kudyetsa nthawi zonse (IV), komwe kumangopatsa shuga ndi mchere wokha.

Makanda omwe amalandira chakudya chamtunduwu ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti atsimikizire kuti akupeza chakudya choyenera. Mayeso amwazi ndi mkodzo amathandizira gulu lazachipatala kudziwa zosintha zomwe zikufunika.

KODI TPN AMAPEREKA BWANJI?

Mzere wa IV nthawi zambiri umayikidwa mumtsempha m'manja, phazi, kapena kumutu kwa mwana. Mitsempha yayikulu mu batani la m'mimba (umbilical vein) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zina IV yayitali, yotchedwa central line kapena pentherally-inserted central catheter (PICC), imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakudyetsa kwa IV kwakanthawi.

ZOOPSA ZAKE NDI ZIYANI?

TPN ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa makanda omwe sangapeze chakudya m'njira zina. Komabe, kudya kwamtunduwu kumatha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwama shuga, mafuta, kapena ma electrolyte.

Mavuto amatha kukula chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mizere ya TPN kapena IV. Mzere ukhoza kuchoka pamalo kapena kuundana kumatha kupanga. Matenda owopsa omwe amatchedwa sepsis ndizotheka kukhala pakati pa mzere wachinayi. Makanda omwe amalandira TPN adzayang'aniridwa mosamala ndi gulu lazachipatala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito TPN kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa zovuta za chiwindi.

Madzi a IV - makanda; TPN - makanda; Madzi olowa mkati - makanda; Hyperalimentation - makanda

• Malo olowa m'madzi

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Komiti Yazakudya. Chakudya cha makolo. Mu: Kleinman RE, Greer FR, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira Ana. 8th ed. Mudzi wa Elk Grove, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2019: mutu 22.

Maqbool A, Bales C, Liacouras CA. (Adasankhidwa) Matumbo atresia, stenosis, ndi kusokonekera. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 356.

Poindexter BB, Martin CR. Zofunikira pazakudya / chithandizo chamagulu musanabadwe msanga. Mu: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, olemba., Eds. Fanaroff ndi Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: mutu 41.