Kujambula kwa m'mawere kwa MRI

Kujambula kwa m'mawere kwa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ndiyeso yojambula yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi kupanga zithunzi za bere ndi minofu yoyandikana nayo. Sigwiritsa ntchito radiation (x-ray).

MRI ya m'mawere itha kuchitidwa limodzi ndi mammography kapena ultrasound. Sizilowa m'malo mwa mammography.

Mudzavala chovala cha kuchipatala kapena zovala zopanda zingwe zachitsulo kapena zipi (buluku ndi t-sheti). Mitundu ina yachitsulo imatha kubweretsa zithunzi zosalongosoka.

Mudzagona pamimba pathebulo lopapatiza ndi mawere anu atapachikidwa m'mipata yotchingidwa. Tebulo limalowa mu chubu chachikulu ngati ngalande.

Mayeso ena amafuna utoto wapadera (kusiyanitsa). Nthawi zambiri, mumatenga utoto kudzera mu mtsempha (IV) womwe uli m'manja kapena kutsogolo kwanu. Utoto umathandiza dokotala (radiologist) kuwona madera ena bwino kwambiri.

Pa MRI, munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito makinawo amakuwonerani kuchokera kuchipinda china. Kuyesaku kumatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 60, koma kumatha kutenga nthawi yayitali.

Muyenera kuti simusowa chilichonse kuti mukonzekere mayeso. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za kudya ndi kumwa musanayezedwe.

Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati mukuwopa malo olimba (khalani ndi claustrophobia). Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala okuthandizani kuti mukhale ogona komanso osakhala ndi nkhawa. Komanso, omwe amakupatsani mwayi atha kupereka MRI "yotseguka". Makinawo sali pafupi kwambiri ndi thupi pamayeso amtunduwu.

Asanayesedwe, uzani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Zithunzi za ubongo
• Mitundu ina yamavavu amtima wopangira
• Mtetezi wamtima kapena pacemaker
• Zodzala zamakutu zamkati (cochlear)
• Matenda a impso kapena dialysis (mwina simungathe kulandira kusiyana kwa IV)
• Zowayika posachedwa
• Mitundu ina yamatenda am'mimba
• Ankagwira ntchito ndi chitsulo m'mbuyomu (mungafunike kuyesa kuti muwone ngati zidutswa zazitsulo zili m'maso mwanu)

Chifukwa MRI imakhala ndi maginito amphamvu, zinthu zachitsulo siziloledwa kulowa mchipindacho ndi sikani ya MRI:

• Zolembera, zotchinga matumba, ndi magalasi amaso zitha kuwuluka mchipinda chonse.
• Zinthu monga zodzikongoletsera, mawotchi, ma kirediti kadi, ndi zothandizira kumva zimatha kuwonongeka.
• Pini, zikhomo zopangira tsitsi, zipi zachitsulo, ndi zinthu zina zachitsulo zofananira zimatha kupotoza zithunzizi.
• Ntchito yochotsa mano iyenera kutulutsidwa pang'ono isanakwane.

Kuyeza kwa MRI sikumapweteka. Muyenera kunama. Kuyenda kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza zithunzi za MRI ndikupanga zolakwika.

Ngati muli ndi nkhawa kwambiri, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala otonthoza mitsempha yanu.

Gome likhoza kukhala lolimba kapena lozizira, koma mutha kufunsa bulangeti kapena pilo. Makinawo amapanga phokoso lalikulu ndikumveketsa akamatsegulidwa. Mosakayikira mudzapatsidwa mapulagi amakutu kuti muchepetse phokoso.

Intakomu m'chipindamo imakulolani kuti muzilankhula ndi munthu nthawi iliyonse. Ma MRIs ena amakhala ndi ma televizioni komanso mahedifoni apadera kuti athandizire kupitako.

Palibe nthawi yochira, pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mankhwala oti musangalale. Mukatha kusanthula MRI, mutha kubwerera ku zomwe mumadya, zomwe mumachita, komanso mankhwala anu pokhapokha dokotala atakuwuzani zina.

MRI imapereka zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane za m'mawere. Imaperekanso zithunzi zomveka bwino za magawo a m'mawere omwe ndi ovuta kuwona bwino pa ultrasound kapena mammogram.

Chifuwa cha MRI chitha kuchitidwanso kwa:

• Fufuzani ngati muli ndi khansa yambiri m'mawere omwewo kapena m'mawere ena khansa ya m'mawere itapezeka
• Siyanitsani pakati pa zilonda zipsera ndi zotupa m'mabere
• Unikani zotsatira zosazolowereka pa mammogram kapena bere ultrasound
• Ganizirani za kuthekera kotheka kwa implants za m'mawere
• Pezani khansa iliyonse yomwe yatsala pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena chemotherapy
• Onetsani magazi kudutsa pachifuwa
• Atsogolereni biopsy

MRI ya m'mawere imatha kuchitidwanso pambuyo poyeserera kuti ayang'ane khansa ya m'mawere mwa amayi omwe:

• Ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere (omwe ali ndi mbiri yamabanja olimba kapena majini a khansa ya m'mawere)
• Khalani ndi minofu yamawere yolimba kwambiri

Musanakhale ndi MRI ya m'mawere, lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopeza mayeso. Funsani za:

• Kuopsa kwanu kwa khansa ya m'mawere
• Kaya kuwunika kumachepetsa mwayi wanu wakufa ndi khansa ya m'mawere
• Kaya pali vuto lililonse kuchokera pakuwunika khansa ya m'mawere, monga zoyipa zoyesedwa kapena kuchuluka kwa khansa zikapezeka

Zotsatira zachilendo zitha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Khansa ya m'mawere
• Ziphuphu
• Zodzala kapena zotuluka m'mawere
• Minyewa yachilendo yomwe si khansa
• Minofu yofiira

Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa.

MRI ilibe ma radiation. Palibe zoyipa zomwe zimachitika kuchokera kumaginito ndi mafunde a wailesi omwe adanenedwa.

Mtundu wosiyana kwambiri (utoto) womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gadolinium. Ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi utoto uwu ndi lachilendo. Komabe, gadolinium itha kuvulaza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso omwe amafunikira dialysis. Ngati muli ndi vuto la impso, uzani omwe amakupatsani chithandizo asanayesedwe.

Mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imapangidwa mu MRI imatha kupangitsa kuti mtima uzikhala wolimba komanso zopangira zina sizigwiranso ntchito. Zitha kupanganso chitsulo mkati mwathupi kusuntha kapena kusintha.

Chifuwa cha MRI chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kuposa mammogram, makamaka ikachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito utoto wosiyanasiyana. Komabe, ma MRI am'mawere sangathe kusiyanitsa khansa ya m'mawere ndi zomwe sizimayambitsa khansa. Izi zitha kubweretsa zotsatira zabodza.

MRI nayo singatengeko tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta calcium (microcalcifications), yomwe mammogram imatha kuzindikira. Mitundu ina yowerengera ikhoza kukhala chiwonetsero cha khansa ya m'mawere.

Kafukufuku amafunika kutsimikizira zotsatira za MRI ya m'mawere.

MRI - chifuwa; Maginito ojambula zithunzi - bere; Khansa ya m'mawere - MRI; Kuyeza khansa ya m'mawere - MRI

Tsamba la American Cancer Society. Malingaliro a American Cancer Society pakuzindikira koyambirira kwa khansa ya m'mawere. www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html. Idasinthidwa pa Okutobala 3, 2019. Idapezeka pa Januware 23, 2020.

Tsamba la American College of Radiology. ACR imachita zoyeserera poyerekeza magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa maginito (MRI) wa m'mawere. www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Practice-Parameters/mr-contrast-breast.pdf. Idasinthidwa 2018. Idapezeka pa Januware 24, 2020.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) tsamba lawebusayiti. Bulogin Yoyeserera ya ACOG: Kuyesa Kuopsa kwa Khansa ya M'mawere ndi Kuwunika Pazomwe Ali Pazi Akazi Amayi. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Bulletins/Committee-on-Practice-Bulletins-Gynecology/Breast-Cancer-Risk-Assessment-and-Screening-in-Average-Risk-Women. Ayi. 179, Julayi 2017 Idapezeka pa Januware 23, 2020.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Kuyeza khansa ya m'mawere (PDQ) - mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/kuyesa-kuwunika-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa Disembala 18, 2019. Idapezeka pa Januware 20, 2020. Siu AL; Gulu Lankhondo Loteteza ku US. Kuunikira khansa ya m'mawere: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (4): 279-296. PMID: 26757170 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26757170.