Spinal ndi epidural anesthesia

Spinal and epidural anesthesia ndi njira zomwe zimaperekera mankhwala omwe amaziziritsa ziwalo zanu kuti muchepetse ululu. Amaperekedwa kudzera pazowombera mkati kapena kuzungulira msana.

Dokotala yemwe amakupatsani matenda opatsirana kapena a msana amatchedwa anesthesiologist.

Choyamba, dera lakumbuyo kwanu komwe singano imayikidwapo limatsukidwa ndi yankho lapadera. Malowa amathanso kudzazidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu m'deralo.

Mwinanso mungalandire madzi amadzimadzi kudzera mu mzere wamitsempha (IV) mumtsempha. Mutha kulandira mankhwala kudzera mu IV kukuthandizani kupumula.

Kwa matenda:

• Adokotala amalowetsa mankhwala kunja kwa thumba la madzi ozungulira msana wanu. Izi zimatchedwa danga lamatenda.
• Mankhwalawa amapha mphamvu, kapena amalepheretsa kumva mbali ina ya thupi lanu kuti musamve kuwawa kapena musamve kuwawa konse kutengera ndondomekoyi. Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito pafupifupi mphindi 10 mpaka 20. Zimagwira bwino ntchito zazitali. Amayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chotupa panthawi yobereka.
• Thubhu yaying'ono (catheter) nthawi zambiri imatsalira. Mutha kulandira mankhwala ochulukirapo kudzera mu catheter kuti muthandizire kuchepetsa ululu wanu mukamachita izi kapena mukamaliza.

Kwa msana:

• Dokotala amalowetsa mankhwala mumadzi ozungulira msana wanu. Izi zimachitika kamodzi kokha, chifukwa chake simukuyenera kuyikapo catheter.
• Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo.

Kuthamanga kwanu, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi anu kumawunikidwa panthawiyi. Pambuyo pochita izi, mudzakhala ndi bandeji pomwe singano idalowetsedwa.

Opaleshoni ya msana ndi yamatenda imagwira bwino ntchito pazinthu zina ndipo sikutanthauza kuyika chubu lopumira mu phewa (trachea). Anthu nthawi zambiri amachira msanga. Nthawi zina, amayenera kudikirira kuti mankhwala oletsa ululu afike kuti athe kuyenda kapena kukodza.

Spinal anesthesia nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliseche, kwamikodzo, kapena kutsika kwa thupi.

Epidural anesthesia imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yobereka komanso yobereka, ndikuchita opaleshoni m'chiuno ndi miyendo.

Epidural and spinal anesthesia amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati:

• Njira kapena ntchitoyo imakhala yopweteka kwambiri popanda mankhwala opweteka.
• Njirayi ili m'mimba, miyendo, kapena mapazi.
• Thupi lanu limatha kukhala pamalo abwino panthawi yomwe mukuchita.
• Mukufuna mankhwala ochepa amachitidwe komanso "matsire ochepa" kuposa momwe mungakhalire ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu.

Matenda a msana ndi mafupa amakhala otetezeka. Funsani dokotala wanu za zovuta izi:

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi opaleshoni ntchito
• Kutulutsa magazi mozungulira msana (hematoma)
• Kuvuta kukodza
• Kutaya magazi
• Matenda mumsana wanu (meningitis kapena abscess)
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha
• Kugwidwa (izi ndizochepa)
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri

Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu:

• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mutha kukhala ndi pakati
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mukumwa, kuphatikiza mankhwala, zowonjezera, kapena zitsamba zomwe mwagula popanda mankhwala

M'masiku asanachitike ndondomekoyi:

• Uzani dokotala wanu za chifuwa chilichonse kapena matenda omwe muli nawo, mankhwala omwe mukumwa, komanso mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kapena sedation omwe mudakhalapo kale.
• Ngati njira yanu ikukonzekera, mungafunsidwe kuti musiye kumwa aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), warfarin (Coumadin), ndi ena aliwonse ochepetsa magazi.
• Funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku lanu.
• Konzani kuti munthu wamkulu wodalirika azikupititsani pagalimoto kapena kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala.
• Ngati mumasuta, yesetsani kusiya. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti akuthandizeni kusiya.

Patsiku la njirayi:

• Tsatirani malangizo pa nthawi yomwe muyenera kusiya kudya ndi kumwa.
• Osamwa mowa usiku watha komanso tsiku lomwe udzachite.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu adakuwuzani kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Tsatirani malangizo pa nthawi yobwera kuchipatala. Onetsetsani kuti mwafika nthawi.

Pambuyo pa mtundu uliwonse wa anesthesia:

• Mumagona pabedi mpaka kumverera ndikumva miyendo ndikutha kuyenda.
• Mutha kumva kuti mukudwala m'mimba komanso mumachita chizungulire. Zotsatira zoyipazi nthawi zambiri zimatha.
• Mutha kukhala otopa.

Namwino angakufunseni kuti muyese kukodza. Izi ndizowonetsetsa kuti minofu yanu ya chikhodzodzo ikugwira ntchito. Anesthesia amachepetsa minofu ya chikhodzodzo, ndikupangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kukodza. Izi zingayambitse matenda a chikhodzodzo.

Anthu ambiri samva kuwawa pakati pa dzanzi ndi msana ndipo amachira kwathunthu.

Ochititsa dzanzi; Subarachnoid ochititsa dzanzi; Epidural

• Anesthesia - zomwe mungafunse dokotala - wamkulu
• Anesthesia - zomwe mungafunse dokotala - mwana
• Opaleshoni ya msana - kutulutsa

Hernandez A, Sherwood ER. Mfundo za anesthesiology, kasamalidwe ka kupweteka, komanso kutengeka. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Maziko Achilengedwe a Njira Zamakono Zopangira Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 14.

Macfarlane AJR, Brull R, Chan VWS. (Adasankhidwa) Msana, epidural, ndi caudal anesthesia. Mu: Pardo MC, Miller RD, olemba. Maziko a Anesthesia. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 17.