Mtima

Mtima block ndi vuto pamagetsi amagetsi mumtima.

Nthawi zambiri, kugunda kwa mtima kumayambira mdera lina lazipinda zapamwamba za mtima (atria). Dera ili ndi lokonza mtima. Zizindikiro zamagetsi zimapita kuzipinda zapansi zamtima (ma ventricles). Izi zimapangitsa kuti kugunda kwa mtima kukhazikike komanso pafupipafupi.

Kutsekemera kwa mtima kumachitika pamene chizindikiritso chamagetsi chimachedwa kapena sichifika pazipinda zamkati mwamtima. Mtima wanu ukhoza kugunda pang'onopang'ono, kapena ungadumphe kumenya. Mtima ungathetse wokha, kapena utha kukhala wokhazikika ndipo ungafune chithandizo.

Pali magawo atatu a mtima. Malo oyamba pamtima ndi mtundu wofatsa kwambiri ndipo gawo lachitatu ndilovuta kwambiri.

Malo oyamba pamtima:

• Kawirikawiri zimakhala ndi zizindikiro kapena zimayambitsa mavuto

Mzere wachiwiri wamtima:

• Mphamvu zamagetsi sizingafike kuzipinda zapansi zamtima.
• Mtima ungaphonye kugunda kapena kumenyedwa ndipo ukhoza kukhala wocheperako komanso wosasintha.
• Mutha kukhala ndi chizungulire, kukomoka, kapena kukhala ndi zizindikilo zina.
• Izi zitha kukhala zovuta nthawi zina.

Mtima wachitatu:

• Chizindikiro chamagetsi sichisunthira kuzipinda zapansi zamtima. Poterepa, zipinda zapansi zimamenya pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zipinda zakumtunda ndi zapansi sizimenya motsatizana (chimodzichimodzi) monga zimakhalira.
• Mtima umalephera kupopa magazi okwanira mthupi. Izi zitha kubweretsa kukomoka komanso kupuma movutikira.
• Izi ndizadzidzidzi zomwe zimafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo.

Mtima ungayambitsidwe ndi:

• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala. Mtima block ukhoza kukhala mbali ina ya ma digitalis, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ndi mankhwala ena.
• Matenda amtima omwe amawononga magetsi mumtima.
• Matenda amtima, monga matenda a valavu yamtima ndi sarcoidosis yamtima.
• Matenda ena, monga matenda a Lyme.
• Opaleshoni ya mtima.

Mutha kukhala ndi zotchinga pamtima chifukwa mudabadwa nazo. Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha izi ngati:

• Muli ndi vuto la mtima.
• Amayi anu ali ndi matenda omwe amadzichititsa okha, monga lupus.

Anthu ena abwinobwino, amakhala ndi digiri yoyamba makamaka akapuma kapena akagona. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mwa achinyamata athanzi.

Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za zizindikiro zanu. Zizindikiro zitha kukhala zosiyana pachimake cha mtima woyamba, wachiwiri, komanso wachitatu.

Simungakhale ndi zizindikilo zilizonse zam'mutu woyamba. Simungadziwe kuti muli ndi zotchinga pamtima mpaka ziwoneke pamayeso otchedwa electrocardiogram (ECG).

Ngati muli ndi digiri yachiwiri kapena yachitatu, mtima ukhoza kukhala ndi izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Chizungulire.
• Kumva kukomoka kapena kukomoka.
• Kutopa.
• Kupunduka kwamtima - Kupindika ndi pamene mtima wanu umamveka ngati ukugunda, kumenya mosasinthasintha, kapena kuthamanga.

Wopezayo amakutumizirani kwa dokotala wamtima (cardiologist) kuti akafufuze kapena kuunikanso zomwe zili pamtima.

Katswiri wamtima adzalankhula nanu za mbiri yanu yamankhwala komanso mankhwala omwe mumamwa. Katswiri wa zamankhwala adzakhalanso:

• Chitani mayeso athupi lathunthu. Wothandizira amakufufuzirani ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima, monga zotupa ndi mapazi.
• Yesani mayeso a ECG kuti muwone ngati magetsi ali mumtima mwanu.
• Mungafunike kuvala chowunikira pamtima kwa maola 24 mpaka 48 kapena kupitilira apo kuti muwone ngati magetsi ali mumtima mwanu.

Chithandizo cha zotchinga mtima chimadalira mtundu wamitengo yomwe muli nayo komanso chifukwa chake.

Ngati mulibe zizindikilo zowopsa ndipo muli ndi mtundu wolimba wa mtima, mungafunike:

• Onetsetsani nthawi zonse ndi omwe amakupatsani.
• Phunzirani momwe mungayang'anire kugunda kwanu.
• Dziwani za zizindikiritso zanu ndikudziwa nthawi yoyitanitsa omwe akukuthandizani ngati zizisintha.

Ngati muli ndi gawo lachiwiri kapena lachitatu la mtima, mungafunike pacemaker kuti muthandize mtima wanu kugunda pafupipafupi.

• Wopanga pacemaker ndi wocheperako kuposa bolodi lamakhadi ndipo akhoza kukhala wocheperako ngati wotchi yakumanja. Imaikidwa mkati mwa khungu pachifuwa panu. Zimapereka ma siginolo amagetsi kuti mtima wanu ugundane pafupipafupi komanso pamulingo.
• Mtundu watsopano wa pacemaker ndi wocheperako (pafupifupi kukula kwa mapiritsi awiri mpaka atatu)
• Nthawi zina, ngati chotchinga cha mtima chikuyembekezeka kuthetsedwa mu tsiku limodzi kapena apo, pacemaker yakanthawi idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chida chamtunduwu sichimayikidwa m'thupi. M'malo mwake waya amatha kulowetsedwa kudzera mumtsempha ndikulunjika kumtima ndikulumikizidwa ndi pacemaker. Wopanga pacemaker wosakhalitsa atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwadzidzidzi asanakhazikitsidwe pacemaker yokhazikika. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo kanthawi kochepa amayang'aniridwa m'chipinda cha odwala kwambiri kuchipatala.
• Mtima womwe umayambitsidwa ndi vuto la mtima kapena opaleshoni yamtima ukhoza kutha pomwe uchira.
• Ngati mankhwala akuyambitsa vuto la mtima, kusintha mankhwala kumatha kukonza vutoli. Musayime kapena kusintha momwe mumamwe mankhwala pokhapokha atakupatsani omwe akukuuzani kuti mutero.

Ndi kuwunika komanso kulandira chithandizo pafupipafupi, muyenera kudziwa zambiri zomwe mumachita nthawi zonse.

Kutsekemera kwa mtima kumatha kuonjezera chiopsezo cha:

• Mitundu ina yamavuto amtundu wamtima (arrhythmias), monga fibrillation ya atrial. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsirani zamatenda amitundu ina.
• Matenda amtima.

Ngati muli ndi pacemaker, simungakhale pafupi ndi maginito amphamvu. Muyenera kudziwitsa anthu kuti muli ndi pacemaker.

• Musadutse malo okhalira achitetezo pabwalo la ndege, khothi, kapena malo ena omwe amafuna kuti anthu adutse poyang'anira chitetezo. Uzani achitetezo kuti muli ndi pacemaker ndikufunsani mtundu wina wowunika chitetezo.
• Musakhale ndi MRI musanamuuze waluso za MRI za pacemaker yanu.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukumva kuti:

• Chizunguzungu
• Ofooka
• Kukomoka
• Kuthamanga kwa mtima
• Anadumphadumpha mtima
• Kupweteka pachifuwa

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi zizindikilo za kulephera kwa mtima:

• Kufooka
• Kutupa miyendo, akakolo, kapena mapazi
• Muzimva kuti mulibe mpweya

Kutseka kwa AV; Arrhythmia; Malo oyamba pamtima; Mtima wachiwiri; Mobitz mtundu 1; Malo a Wenckebach; Mobitz mtundu wachiwiri; Mtima wachitatu; Pacemaker - mtima block

Kusumoto FM, Schoenfeld MH, Barrett C, Edgerton JR, et al. Malangizo a 2018 ACC / AHA / HRS pakuwunika ndi kuwunika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi bradycardia komanso kuchedwa kwa mtima kuchititsa. Kuzungulira. 2018: CIR0000000000000628. PMID: 30586772 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30586772.

Olgin JE, Zipes DP. Bradyarrhythmias ndi block atrioventricular. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 40.

CD ya Swerdlow, Wang PJ, Zipes DP. Ma Pacemaker ndi ma cardioverter-defibrillator okhazikika. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 41.