Katemera wa covid-19

Katemera wa COVID-19 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kuteteza ku COVID-19. Katemerayu ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chothandizira kuthana ndi mliri wa COVID-19.

MMENE COVID-19 VACCINES GWIRITSANI

Katemera wa COVID-19 amateteza anthu kuti asatenge COVID-19. Katemerayu "amaphunzitsa" thupi lanu momwe mungadzitetezere ku kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2, komwe kumayambitsa COVID-19.

Katemera woyamba wa COVID-19 wovomerezeka ku United States amatchedwa katemera wa mRNA. Amagwira ntchito mosiyana ndi katemera wina.

• Katemera wa COVID-19 mRNA amagwiritsa ntchito messenger RNA (mRNA) kuuza maselo mthupi momwe angapangire kachidutswa kosavulaza ka "spike" kamene kamapezeka pagulu la SARS-CoV-2. Maselo amachotsa mRNA.
• Puloteni iyi "spike" imayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi m'thupi lanu, ndikupanga ma antibodies omwe amateteza ku COVID-19. Chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaphunzira kupha kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2 ngati mungakumane nako.
• Pali katemera awiri a mRNA COVID-19 omwe akuvomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ku United States, katemera wa Pfizer-BioNTech ndi Moderna COVID-19.

Katemera wa COVID-19 mRNA amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni (kuwombera) mdzanja m'miyeso iwiri.

• Mudzalandira kuwombera kwachiwiri pafupifupi 3 mpaka 4 milungu mutangowombera koyamba. Muyenera kupeza kuwombera konse kuti katemera agwire ntchito.
• Katemerayu samayamba kukutetezani mpaka patadutsa sabata limodzi kapena 2 mutawombera kawiri.
• Pafupifupi 90% ya anthu omwe amalandira kuwombera konse sadzadwala ndi COVID-19. Anthu omwe amatenga kachilomboka amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri.

VIRAL VECTOR VACCINES

Katemerayu amathandizanso poteteza ku COVID-19.

• Amagwiritsa ntchito kachilombo (vekitala) kamene kanasinthidwa kotero kuti sikangathe kuvulaza thupi. Kachilomboka kali ndi malangizo amene amauza maselo a m'thupi kuti apange "protein" yapadera ya kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2.
• Izi zimapangitsa chitetezo chamthupi mwanu kuti chiwononge kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2 ngati mungakumane nako.
• Katemera wa vector samayambitsa matenda omwe amadzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati vekitala kapena kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2.
• Katemera wa Janssen COVID-19 (wopangidwa ndi Johnson ndi Johnson) ndi katemera wama virus. Yavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ku United States. Mumangofunika kuwombera kamodzi katemerayu kuti akutetezeni ku COVID-19.

Katemera wa COVID-19 alibe HIV yamoyo, ndipo sangakupatseni COVID-19. Sizimakhudzanso kapena kusokoneza majini anu (DNA).

Ngakhale anthu ambiri omwe amalandira COVID-19 amakhalanso ndi chitetezo kuti asayambirenso, palibe amene akudziwa kuti chitetezo chazitazi chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji. Kachilomboka kangayambitse matenda oopsa kapena kufa ndipo kangathe kufalikira kwa anthu ena. Kupeza katemera ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku kachilomboka kuposa kudalira chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha matenda.

Katemera wina akupangidwa amene amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana poteteza kachilomboka. Kuti mumve zambiri za katemera wina yemwe akupangidwa, pitani patsamba la Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

Katemera wosiyanasiyana wa COVID-19 - www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines.html

Kuti mumve zambiri za katemera wa COVID-19 wovomerezedwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito, chonde onani tsamba la United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA):

Katemera wa COVID-19 - www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines

ZOTHANDIZA NKHANI ZA VACCINE

Ngakhale katemera wa COVID-19 sangakupangitseni kudwala, atha kuyambitsa zovuta zina ndi zizindikilo zonga chimfine. Izi si zachilendo. Zizindikirozi ndi chizindikiro chakuti thupi lanu limapanga ma antibodies olimbana ndi kachilomboka. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo:

• Zowawa ndi kutupa padzanja pomwe mudawombera
• Malungo
• Kuzizira
• Kutopa
• Mutu

Zizindikiro za kuwomberako zingakupangitseni kumva kuti mukumva kuwawa kotero kuti muyenera kupumula kuntchito kapena zochitika zatsiku ndi tsiku, koma zikuyenera kupita patangopita masiku ochepa. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi zovuta, ndikofunikira kuti muwombere kachiwiri. Zotsatira zoyipa zilizonse za katemerayu ndizowopsa kuposa zomwe zingachitike kudwala kapena kufa kuchokera ku COVID-19.

Ngati zizindikiro sizitha masiku angapo, kapena ngati muli ndi nkhawa, muyenera kulumikizana ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

NDANI AMENE ANGATenge NKHOSA

Pakadali pano pali katundu wochepa wa katemera wa COVID-19. Chifukwa cha ichi, CDC yapereka lingaliro kwa maboma ndi maboma am'deralo za omwe ayenera kulandira katemera koyamba. Momwe katemerayu amaikidwiratu kuti agawidwe kwa anthu ndikuwatsimikizira kuti boma lipereka chiyani. Funsani ku dipatimenti yazaumoyo yakomweko kuti mumve zambiri mdera lanu.

Malangizo awa athandiza kukwaniritsa zolinga zingapo:

• Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu akufa ndi kachilomboka
• Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amadwala kachilomboka
• Thandizani anthu kupitiliza kugwira ntchito
• Kuchepetsa zolemetsa pazachipatala komanso kwa anthu omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi COVID-19

CDC imalimbikitsa kuti katemerayu apatsidwe magawo ake.

Gawo 1a limaphatikizapo magulu oyamba a anthu omwe ayenera kulandira katemera:

• Ogwira ntchito zazaumoyo - Izi zimaphatikizapo aliyense amene angakhale ndi chiwonetsero chachindunji kapena chosadziwika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19.
• Omwe amakhala m'malo osamalira anthu kwakanthawi, chifukwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chomwalira ndi COVID-19.

Gawo 1b limaphatikizapo:

• Ogwira ntchito patsogolo, monga ozimitsa moto, apolisi, aphunzitsi, ogulitsa m'sitolo, United States ogwira ntchito positi, ogwira ntchito zapaulendo, ndi ena
• Anthu azaka zapakati pa 75 ndi kupitilira apo, chifukwa anthu omwe ali mgululi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala, kuchipatala, ndi kufa kuchokera ku COVID-19

Gawo 1c limaphatikizapo:

• Anthu azaka 65 mpaka 74 zaka
• Anthu azaka zapakati pa 16 mpaka 64 ali ndi matenda ena monga khansa, COPD, Down syndrome, chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, matenda amtima, matenda a impso, kunenepa kwambiri, mimba, kusuta, matenda ashuga, ndi matenda a cellle
• Ogwira ntchito zina zofunika, kuphatikiza anthu omwe amagwira ntchito zonyamula, chakudya, thanzi, zomanga nyumba, chitetezo chaanthu, ndi ena

Katemera akayamba kupezeka, anthu ambiri adzalandira katemera.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamalangizo okhudzana ndi katemera ku United States patsamba la CDC:

Malangizo a CDC's COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout - www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations.html

CHITETEZO CHA MAVANGI

Chitetezo cha katemera ndichofunikira kwambiri, ndipo katemera wa COVID-19 wadutsa miyezo yayikulu yachitetezo asanavomerezedwe.

Katemera wa COVID-19 amachokera pa kafukufuku ndi ukadaulo womwe wakhalapo kwazaka zambiri. Chifukwa chakuti kachilomboka kali paliponse, anthu masauzande ambiri akuwerengedwa kuti awone momwe katemera amagwirira ntchito komanso kuti ndi otetezeka bwanji. Izi zathandiza kuti katemera akonzedwe, kuyesedwa, kufufuzidwa, ndikukonzedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mwachangu kwambiri. Akupitiliza kuyang'aniridwa kuti awonetsetse kuti ali otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito.

Pakhala pali malipoti a anthu ena omwe adakumana ndi zovuta ku katemera wapano. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira zina zodzitetezera:

• Ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake pachithandizo chilichonse cha katemera wa COVID-19, simuyenera kulandira katemera wa COVID-19 wapano.
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake posachedwa (ming'oma, kutupa, kupuma) kuzipangizo zilizonse mu katemera wa COVID-19, simuyenera kulandira katemera wa COVID-19 wapano.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu kapena losawopsa mutangopeza katemera woyamba wa COVID-19, simuyenera kuwombera kachiwiri.

Ngati mwayamba kudwala, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe mphamvu, ndi katemera wina kapena mankhwala ochiritsira, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ngati mungapeze katemera wa COVID-19. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kusankha ngati kuli kotheka kulandira katemera. Dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa ziwengo ndi chitetezo cha mthupi kuti akupatseni chisamaliro kapena upangiri wambiri.

CDC imalimbikitsa kuti anthu atha kulandira katemera ngati ali ndi mbiri ya:

• Matendawa sagwirizana ndi katemera kapena mankhwala ojambulidwa - monga chakudya, chiweto, ululu, zachilengedwe, kapena ziwengo za latex
• Nthenda zamankhwala am'kamwa kapena mbiri yabanja yovuta kuyanjana

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za chitetezo cha katemera wa COVID-19, pitani patsamba la CDC:

• Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha COVID-19 ku United States - www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety.html
• V-Safe Atatha Katemera Woyang'anira Katemera - www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/vsafe.html
• Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukudwala Matenda Aakulu Mukalandira Katemera wa COVID-19 - www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/allergic-reaction.html

PITIRIZANI KUZITETEZA NANSO ENA KU COVID-19

Ngakhale mutalandira katemera wambiri, mudzafunikabe kupitiriza kuvala chigoba, kukhala kutali ndi ena 6, ndikusamba m'manja pafupipafupi.

Akatswiri akuphunzirabe za momwe katemera wa COVID-19 amatetezera, chifukwa chake tiyenera kupitiliza kuchita zonse zomwe tingathe kuti tipewe kufalikira. Mwachitsanzo, sizikudziwika ngati munthu amene walandira katemerayu atha kufalitsabe kachilomboko, ngakhale ali otetezedwa nako.

Pachifukwa ichi, mpaka zambiri zidziwike, kugwiritsa ntchito katemera ndi njira zotetezera ena ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera ndi kukhala athanzi.

Katemera wa COVID-19; Katemera wa COVID - 19; COVID - kuwombera 19; Katemera wa COVID - 19; COVID - 19 katemera; COVID - 19 kupewa - katemera; Katemera wa mRNA-COVID

• Katemera wa covid-19

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Ubwino wopeza katemera wa COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/vaccine-benefits.html. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 5, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 3, 2021.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Malangizo a CDC's COVID-19 oyambitsa katemera. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations.html. Idasinthidwa pa February 19, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 3, 2021.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Katemera wosiyanasiyana wa COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines.html. Idasinthidwa pa Marichi 3, 2021. Idafika pa Marichi 3, 2021.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Zoganizira zazachipatala zogwiritsa ntchito katemera wa mRNA COVID-19 womwe udavomerezedwa ku United States. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/clinical-considerations.html. Idasinthidwa pa February 10, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 3, 2021.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Zikhulupiriro zabodza zokhudza katemera wa COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/facts.html. Idasinthidwa pa February 3, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 3, 2021.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Kumvetsetsa katemera wa virus vector COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/viralvector.html. Idasinthidwa pa Marichi 2, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 3, 2021.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ngati mutalandira katemera wa COVID-19 mutakumana ndi vuto linalake. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/allergic-reaction.html. Idasinthidwa pa February 25, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 3, 2021.