Makala Oyambitsidwa

Zamkati

• Mwina zothandiza ...
• Umboni wosakwanira woti ungagwire bwino ntchito ...
• Chenjezo lapadera & machenjezo:

Makala ambiri amapangidwa ndi peat, malasha, matabwa, chipolopolo cha kokonati, kapena mafuta. "Makala oyambitsidwa" amafanana ndi makala wamba. Opanga amapanga makala amoto potenthetsera makala wamba pakakhala mpweya. Izi zimapangitsa kuti makala apange malo ambiri amkati kapena "pores." Izi pores kuthandiza adamulowetsa makala "msampha" mankhwala.

Makala oyatsidwa nthawi zambiri amatengedwa pakamwa kuti athetse poizoni. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'matumbo am'magazi (flatulence), cholesterol, matumbo, kukhumudwa m'mimba, komanso mavuto am'mimba (cholestasis) panthawi yapakati.

Makala oyatsidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu ngati gawo la mabandeji othandizira kuchiritsa mabala.

Mankhwala Achilengedwe Pazonse mitengo yogwira ntchito potengera umboni wasayansi molingana ndi muyeso wotsatirawu: Wogwira Mtima, Wogwira Mtima, Mwinanso Wogwira Ntchito, Mwinanso Wosagwira Ntchito, Mwinanso Wosagwira Ntchito, Wosagwira Ntchito, Ndi Umboni Wosakwanira Wowerengera.

Kuchita bwino kwa MALO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO ndi awa:

Mwina zothandiza ...

• Poizoni. Makala oyatsidwa ndi othandiza kutchera mankhwala kuti athetse poizoni wina akagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala wamba. Makala oyambitsidwa ayenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa ola limodzi kuchokera pamene poyizoni wamwa. Siziwoneka ngati zopindulitsa ngati zingaperekedwe kwa maola awiri kapena kupitilira apo pambuyo pa mitundu ina ya poyizoni. Ndipo makala otsegulidwa samawoneka kuti akuthandizira kuyimitsa mitundu yonse ya poyizoni.

Umboni wosakwanira woti ungagwire bwino ntchito ...

• Kutsekula m'mimba komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala a khansa. Irinotecan ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amadziwika kuti amayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba. Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kutenga makala oyatsidwa mukamamwa mankhwala a irinotecan kumachepetsa kutsekula m'mimba, kuphatikiza kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, mwa ana omwe amamwa mankhwalawa.
• Kuchepetsa kapena kutsekereza kutuluka kwa bile kuchokera m'chiwindi (cholestasis). Kutenga makala pakamwa kumawoneka kuti kumathandiza kuchiza cholestasis ali ndi pakati, malinga ndi kafukufuku wina wakale.
• Kudzimbidwa (dyspepsia). Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kutenga zinthu zingapo zophatikizira zomwe zimakhala ndi makala amoto ndi simethicone, yokhala ndi magnesium oxide kapena yopanda magnesiamu, imatha kuchepetsa kupweteka, kuphulika, komanso kudzaza ndi anthu odzimbidwa. Sizikudziwika ngati kutenga makala oyatsidwa mwaokha kungathandize.
• Mpweya (flatulence). Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti makala oyatsidwa amathandizira kuchepetsa mpweya wamatumbo. Koma maphunziro ena sagwirizana. Ndikumayambiriro kwambiri kuti tifikire pamapeto pa izi.
• Kutentha. Makala oyambitsidwa amaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena a matsire, koma akatswiri amakayikira momwe zingagwirire ntchito. Makala oyambitsidwa samawoneka kuti akola msanga mowa.
• Cholesterol wokwera. Pakadali pano, kafukufukuyu sagwirizana pazabwino zopewa makala amoto pakamwa kuti achepetse mafuta m'magazi.
• Mlingo waukulu wa phosphate m'magazi (hyperphosphatemia). Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kutenga makala oyatsidwa tsiku lililonse kwa miyezi 12 zikuwoneka kuti kumachepetsa mankwala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso, kuphatikiza omwe ali pa hemodialysis omwe ali ndi phosphate yambiri.
• Kuchiritsa bala. Kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito makala oyatsidwa kuti achiritse bala adasakanikirana. Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mabandeji okhala ndi makala oyatsidwa kumathandizira kuchiritsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'miyendo zam'mimbazi. Koma kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti makala oyatsidwa samathandiza kuchiza zilonda za pabedi kapena zilonda zam'miyendo.
• Zochitika zina.

Umboni wina umafunikira kuti magalasi azigwiritsa ntchito moyenera.

Makala oyambitsidwa amagwiranso ntchito "potchera" mankhwala ndikupewa kuyamwa.

Mukamamwa: Makala oyambitsidwa ndi WABWINO WABWINO kwa achikulire ambiri akamwedwa pakamwa, posakhalitsa. Kutenga makala oyatsidwa nthawi yayitali ndi WOTSATIRA BWINO. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimatenga makala amoto pakamwa zimaphatikizapo kudzimbidwa ndi mipando yakuda. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri, koma zosowa, ndikuchepetsa kapena kutsekeka kwa matumbo, kubwerera m'mapapu, ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu: Makala oyambitsidwa ndi WABWINO WABWINO kwa achikulire ambiri akawapaka mabala.

Chenjezo lapadera & machenjezo:

Mimba ndi kuyamwitsa: Makala oyatsidwa atha kukhala otetezeka mukamagwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukuyamwitsa, koma funsani akatswiri azaumoyo musanagwiritse ntchito ngati muli ndi pakati.

Kutsekeka kwa m'mimba (GI) kapena kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kwa chakudya kudzera m'matumbo: Musagwiritse ntchito makala oyatsidwa ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse lamatumbo. Komanso, ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limachedwetsa kupyola chakudya kudzera m'matumbo anu (kuchepetsedwa kwa peristalsis), musagwiritse ntchito makala oyatsidwa, pokhapokha mutayang'aniridwa ndi omwe amakupatsaniumoyo.

Wamkati

Samalani ndi kuphatikiza uku.

Mowa (Mowa)

Makala oyatsidwa nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa ziphe kuti zisalowe mthupi. Kumwa mowa ndi makala oyatsidwa kungachepetse momwe makala amagwiritsidwira ntchito bwino popewa kuyamwa kwa poyizoni.

Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka (Mankhwala oletsa kubereka)

Makina oyatsidwa amatenga zinthu m'mimba ndi m'matumbo. Kutenga makala oyatsidwa pamodzi ndi mapiritsi oletsa kubereka kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi olerera omwe thupi lanu limamwa. Izi zitha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mapiritsi anu oletsa kubereka. Pofuna kupewa izi, tengani makala osakanizidwa patadutsa maola atatu ndi maola 12 musanamwe mapiritsi oletsa kubereka.

Mankhwala otengedwa pakamwa (Mankhwala am'kamwa)

Makina oyatsidwa amatenga zinthu m'mimba ndi m'matumbo. Kutenga makala oyatsidwa pamodzi ndi mankhwala otengedwa pakamwa kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe thupi lanu limamwa, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala anu. Pofuna kupewa kuyanjana uku, tengani makala oyatsidwa ola limodzi mutamwa mankhwala omwe mumamwa.

Madzi a ipecac

Makala oyambitsidwa amatha kumanga madzi a ipecac m'mimba. Izi zimachepetsa mphamvu ya ipecac.

Palibe kulumikizana komwe kumadziwika ndi zitsamba ndi zowonjezera.

Mowa (Mowa)

Mowa umatha kupangitsa kuti makala oyatsidwa akhale osagwira ntchito "potchera" ziphe ndi mankhwala ena.

Micronutrients

Makala oyambitsidwa amatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti thupi litenge micronutrients.

Mlingo wotsatira udaphunziridwa pakufufuza kwasayansi:

ACHIKULU

PAKAMWA:

• Kwa bongo kapena poyizoni: 50-100 magalamu amakala oyatsidwa amaperekedwa poyamba, kenako ndi makala maola 2-4 aliwonse pamlingo wofanana ndi magalamu 12.5 pa ola limodzi. Nthawi zina pamakhala mlingo umodzi wa magalamu 25-100 amakala ogwiritsidwa ntchito.

ANA

PAKAMWA:

• Kwa bongo kapena poyizoni: Makala oyambitsidwa magalamu 10-25 amalimbikitsidwa kwa ana osakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, pomwe makala opatsidwa magalamu 25-50 amalimbikitsidwa kwa ana azaka 1-12. Makala oyambitsidwa magalamu 10-25 amalimbikitsidwa ngati pakufunika magawo angapo amakala oyatsidwa.

Yoyambitsidwa Mpweya, Makala a Zinyama, Carbo Vegetabilis, Carbon, Carbón Activado, Charbon Actif, Charbon Activé, Charbon Animal, Charbon Médicinal, Charbon Végétal, Charbon Végétal Activé, Makala, Gasi Wakuda, Nyali Yakuda, Makala a Zamankhwala, Noir de Gaz, Noir de Gaz, Noir Nyali, Mpweya wa masamba, Makala a masamba.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe nkhaniyi idalembedwera, chonde onani Mankhwala Achilengedwe Pazonse njira.

1. Gao Y, Wang G, Li Y, Lv C, Wang Z.Zotsatira zamakalata zoyatsidwa pakamwa pa hyperphosphatemia ndi kuwerengera kwa mitsempha mwa odwala aku China omwe ali ndi matenda apakati a 3-4. J Nephrol. 2019; 32: 265-72. Onani zenizeni.
2. Elomaa K, Ranta S, Tuominen J, Lähteenmäki P. Chithandizo chamakala ndi chiopsezo chothawa ovulation mwa ogwiritsa ntchito njira yolerera. Hum Adzanyozedwa. 2001; 16: 76-81. Onani zenizeni.
3. Mulligan CM, Bragg AJ, O'Toole OB. Kuyesedwa kofananako kwa zovala za Actisorb zoyatsira malasha mderalo. Br J Clin Ntchito 1986; 40: 145-8. Onani zenizeni.
4. Chiew AL, Gluud C, Brok J, Buckley NA. Njira zothandizira paracetamol (acetaminophen) bongo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 2: CD003328. Onani zenizeni.
5. Kerihuel JC. Makala ophatikizidwa ndi siliva zochizira mabala aakulu. Mabala UK 2009; 5: 87-93.
6. Chyka PA, Seger D, Krenzelok EP, ndi al. Pepala laudindo: makala amodzi omwe amathandizidwa ndi makala. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2005; 43: 61-87 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
7. Wang X, Mondal S, Wang J, et al. Zotsatira zamakala oyatsidwa pa apixaban pharmacokinetics m'mitu yathanzi. Am J Cardiovasc Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo 2014; 14: 147-54. Onani zenizeni.
8. Wang Z, Cui M, Tang L, et al. Makala oyatsidwa pakamwa amapondereza hyperphosphataemia mwa odwala hemodialysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2012; 17: 616-20. Onani zenizeni.
9. Wananukul W, Klaikleun S, Sriapha C, Tongpoo A.Zotsatira za makala omwe amathandizira kuti achepetse kuyamwa kwa paracetamol pamlingo wambiri. J Med Assoc Thai. 2010; 93: 1145-9. Onani zenizeni.
10. Skinner CG, Chang AS, Matthews AS, Reedy SJ, Morgan BW. Kafukufuku wosasinthika wogwiritsa ntchito makala amitengo yambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi magawo a supratherapeutic phenytoin. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2012; 50: 764-9. (Adasankhidwa) Onani zenizeni.
11. Sergio GC, Felix GM, Luis JV. Makina oyambitsa kupewa matenda otsekula m'mimba mwa ana a irinotecan. Khansa Yam'magazi Yaana 2008; 51: 49-52. Onani zenizeni.
12. Roberts DM, Southcott E, Potter JM, ndi al. Pharmacokinetics ya digoxin yodutsa zinthu mwa odwala omwe ali ndi poyizoni wachikasu oleander (Thevetia peruviana) poyizoni, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yamakala oyatsidwa. Ther Drug Monit 2006; 28: 784-92. Onani zenizeni.
13. [Adasankhidwa] Mullins M, Froelke BR, Rivera MR. Zotsatira zakuchepetsedwa kwamakala pamiyala ya acetaminophen pambuyo poyerekeza ndi oxycodone ndi acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2009; 47: 112-5. (Adasankhidwa) Onani zenizeni.
14. Lecuyer M, Cousin T, Monnot MN, Coffin B. Kugwira ntchito kophatikiza makala amoto-simethicone mu matenda a dyspeptic: zotsatira za kafukufuku yemwe angachitike mwachisawawa. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2009; 33 (6-7): 478-84. (Adasankhidwa) Onani zenizeni.
15. Kerihuel JC. Zotsatira za mavalidwe amakala amoto pamankhwala ochiritsa. J Kusamalira Mabala. 2010; 19: 208,210-2,214-5. Onani zenizeni.
16. Gude AB, Hoegberg LC, Angelo HR, Christensen HR. Kutulutsa kotsalira kotsalira kwamphamvu kwa makala otseguka m'matumbo am'magazi amtundu wa paracetamol bongo mwa anthu odzipereka. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2010; 106406-10. Onani zenizeni.
17. Eddleston M, Juszczak E, Buckley NA, ndi al. Makala angapo omwe amachititsa kuti makala azikhala ndi poizoni wambiri: kuyesedwa kosasinthika. Lancet. 2008; 371: 579-87. Onani zenizeni.
18. Cooper GM, Le Couteur DG, Richardson D, Buckley NA. Kuyesedwa kwamankhwala kosasintha kwamakala oyatsidwa kuti azitha kuwongolera chizolowezi chomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. QJM. 2005; 98: 655-60. Onani zenizeni.
19. Coffin B, Bortolloti C, Bourgeouis O, Denicourt L.Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa simethicone, makala opatsidwa mphamvu ndi kuphatikiza kwa magnesium oxide (Carbosymag) mu dyspepsia yogwira: zotsatira zoyeserera kopitilira muyeso. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2011; 35 (6-7): 494-9. Onani zowoneka.
20. Brahmi N, Kouraichi N, Thabet H, Amamou M. Mphamvu yamakala oyatsidwa pa pharmacokinetics ndi zochitika zamankhwala za poyizoni wa carbamazepine. Ndine J Emerg Med. 2006; 24: 440-3. Onani zenizeni.
21. Rehman H, Begum W, Anjum F, Tabasum H, Zahid S.Zotsatira za rhubarb (Rheum emodi) m'maphunziro oyambira a dysmenorrhoea: kuyesedwa kosawona mosasinthika. J Kuphatikiza Integr Med. 2015 Mar; 12: 61-9. Onani zenizeni.
22. Hoegberg LC, Angelo HR, Christophersen AB, Christensen HR. Mphamvu ya ethanol ndi pH pakutsatsa kwa acetaminophen (paracetamol) kupita kumakala opangira makala apamwamba, maphunziro a vitro. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol.2002; 40: 59-67 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
23. Hoekstra JB, Erkelens DW. Palibe mphamvu yamakala oyatsidwa pa hyperlipidaemia. Kuyesa koyembekezera kawiri. Neth J Med 1988; 33: 209-16.
24. Park GD, Spector R, Kitt TM. Makala oyambitsidwa motsutsana ndi cholestyramine wotsika kwa cholesterol: kuyeserera kosasintha. J Clin Pharmacol 1988; 28: 416-9 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
25. Neuvonen PJ, Kuusisto P, Vapaatalo H, Manninen V. Makala omwe amathandizidwa pochiza hypercholesterolaemia: maubwenzi oyankha ndi kuyerekezera ndi cholestyramine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 37: 225-30. (Adasankhidwa) Onani zenizeni.
26. Suarez FL, Furne J, Springfield J, Levitt MD. Kulephera kwa makala oyatsidwa kuti achepetse kutulutsa kwa mpweya wopangidwa ndi maluwa amtundu. Ndine J Gastroenterol. 1999; 94: 208-12. Onani zenizeni.
27. Hall RG Jr, Thompson H, Strother A.Zotsatira za makala opatsidwa pakamwa pamafuta am'mimba. Ndine J Gastroenterol 1981; 75: 192-6. Onani zenizeni.
28. Anon. Pepala lokhala: Madzi a Ipecac. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004; 42: 133-43 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
29. Mgwirizano GR. Udindo wamakala amoto ndi zotupa m'mimba zotulutsira m'mimba: kuwunika kwapamwamba. Ann Emerg Med 2002; 39: 273-86 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
30. Anon. Maudindo amaudindo ndi malangizo pamagwiritsidwe ntchito amakala amagetsi ochulukirapo pochiza poyizoni wambiri. American Academy of Clinical Toxicology; European Association of Poisons Centers ndi Clinical Toxicologists. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1999; 37: 731-51 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
31. Kaaja RJ, Kontula KK, Raiha A, Laatikainen T. Chithandizo cha cholestasis cha mimba ndi makala oyipa. Phunziro loyambirira. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1994; 29: 178-81 (Pamasamba) Onani zenizeni.
32. McEvoy GK, Mkonzi. Zambiri Za Mankhwala AHFS. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Madokotala, 1998.

Idasinthidwa - 08/26/2020