Katemera wa Anthrax

Zamkati

• Katemera wa anthrax amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu ena azaka 18 mpaka 65 zakubadwa omwe atha kupezeka ndi mabakiteriya ambiri pantchito, kuphatikiza:

Anthrax ndi nthenda yoopsa yomwe ingakhudze nyama komanso anthu. Zimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa Bacillus matenda. Anthu amatha kupeza matenda a anthrax akakhudzana ndi nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilombo, ubweya, nyama, kapena zikopa.

Anthrax yodula. M'njira yofala kwambiri, anthrax ndimatenda akhungu omwe amayambitsa zilonda zam'mimba ndipo nthawi zambiri kutentha thupi komanso kutopa. Mpaka 20% ya milanduyi imapha ngati singalandire chithandizo.

Anthrax ya m'mimba. Mtundu uwu wa anthrax umatheka chifukwa chodya nyama yaiwisi kapena yosaphika yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira malungo, nseru, kusanza, zilonda zapakhosi, kupweteka m'mimba ndi kutupa, komanso zotupa zamagulu zotupa. Matenda a anthrax angayambitse poizoni wamagazi, mantha, ndi imfa.

Mpweya Anthrax. Mtundu uwu wa anthrax umachitika pamene B. matenda wapuma, ndipo ndiwovuta kwambiri. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kukhala ndi zilonda zapakhosi, kutentha thupi pang'ono komanso kupweteka kwa minofu. Pakadutsa masiku angapo zizindikirozi zimatsatiridwa ndi mavuto opuma kwambiri, mantha, ndipo nthawi zambiri meninjaitisi (kutupa kwa ubongo ndi kuphimba kwa msana). Mtundu wa anthrax umafuna kuchipatala komanso chithandizo champhamvu ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri imapha.

Katemera wa anthrax amateteza kumatenda a anthrax. Katemera wogwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States mulibe B. matenda maselo ndipo sayambitsa anthrax. Katemera wa anthrax anali ndi chiphatso mu 1970 ndipo adapatsidwanso chilolezo mu 2008.

Potengera umboni wochepa koma womveka, katemerayu amateteza kumatenda onse (khungu) komanso anthrax.

Katemera wa anthrax amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu ena azaka 18 mpaka 65 zakubadwa omwe atha kupezeka ndi mabakiteriya ambiri pantchito, kuphatikiza:

• ma labotale ena kapena othandizira
• anthu ena ogwira nyama kapena zinthu zina zanyama
• ena ankhondo, malinga ndi Dipatimenti Yachitetezo

Anthuwa ayenera kulandira katemera wachisanu (mu minofu): mlingo woyamba pakawonekeratu kuti chiwopsezo chitha kupezeka, ndipo milingo yotsalira pamasabata 4 ndi miyezi 6, 12, ndi 18 pambuyo pa mlingo woyamba.

Mlingo wa chilimbikitso wapachaka umafunikira kuti mutetezedwe.

Ngati mulingo sunaperekedwe munthawi yake, mndandandawo suyenera kuyambidwanso. Yambitsaninso mndandandawu mwachangu momwe zingathere.

Katemera wa anthrax amalimbikitsidwanso kwa anthu omwe alibe katemera omwe amapezeka ndi anthrax nthawi zina. Anthuwa ayenera kulandira katemera wambiri (pansi pa khungu), ndi mlingo woyamba atangowonekera, ndipo wachiwiri ndi wachitatu amapatsidwa milungu iwiri kapena inayi kuchokera koyambirira.

• Aliyense amene wakhala akudwala matenda a anthrax sayenera kulandira mlingo wina.
• Aliyense amene ali ndi vuto lodana ndi katemera aliyense sayenera kulandira mlingo. Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati muli ndi vuto linalake loopsa, kuphatikizapo latex.
• Ngati mudakhalapo ndi matenda a Guillain Barr (GBS), omwe amakupatsani mwayi angakulimbikitseni kuti musalandire katemera wa anthrax.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ocheperako kapena owopsa omwe akukuthandizani angakufunseni kuti mudikire mpaka mutachira kuti mupeze katemera. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ofatsa amatha kulandira katemera.
• Katemera angalimbikitsidwe kwa amayi apakati omwe adwala matenda a anthrax ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chodwala matenda otupa mpweya. Amayi oyamwitsa angathe kupatsidwa katemera wa anthrax bwinobwino.

Monga mankhwala aliwonse, katemera amatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu, monga kusokonezeka kwambiri.

Matenda a anthrax ndi oopsa kwambiri, ndipo chiopsezo chovulazidwa ndi katemerayu ndi chochepa kwambiri.

• Chikondi padzanja lomwe mfuti idaperekedwa (pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa awiri)
• Kufiira padzanja komwe kuwombera kunaperekedwa (pafupifupi 1 mwa amuna 7 ndi akazi amodzi mwa amayi atatu)
• Kuyabwa padzanja pomwe mfuti inaperekedwa (pafupifupi amuna 1 mwa 50 ndi akazi amodzi mwa amayi 20)
• Bumphu padzanja lomwe mfuti idaperekedwa (pafupifupi amuna 1 mwa 60 amuna ndi akazi amodzi mwa amayi 16)
• Kuphwanya pa mkono pomwe kuwombera kunaperekedwa (pafupifupi 1 mwa amuna 25 ndi 1 mwa akazi 22)
• Kupweteka kwa minofu kapena kuchepa kwakanthawi kwakusuntha kwa mikono (pafupifupi 1 mwa amuna 14 ndi akazi amodzi mwa amayi khumi)
• Mutu (pafupifupi mwamuna mmodzi pa amuna 25 ndi mkazi mmodzi mwa amayi 12)
• Kutopa (pafupifupi 1 mwa amuna 15, pafupifupi mkazi m'modzi mwa akazi 8)

• Zowopsa kwambiri (zosowa kwambiri - kangapo kamodzi pamiyeso 100,000).

Monga momwe zilili ndi katemera aliyense, mavuto ena akulu anenedwa. Koma izi sizikuwoneka kuti zimachitika kawirikawiri pakati pa omwe amalandira katemera wa anthrax kuposa anthu omwe alibe katemera.

Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti katemera wa anthrax amachititsa mavuto azaumoyo kwakanthawi.

Makomiti odziyimira pawokha sanapeze katemera wa anthrax ngati gawo la matenda osadziwika pakati pa omenyera nkhondo aku Gulf War.

• Matenda aliwonse achilendo, monga zovuta zina kapena kutentha thupi kwambiri. Ngati thupi lanu silinayanjane bwino, zimatha kukhala mphindi zochepa mpaka ola mutaponyedwa. Zizindikiro zakusavomerezeka zimatha kuphatikizira kupuma movutikira, kufooka, kuwuma kapena kupuma, kugunda kwamtima, ming'oma, chizungulire, kutuwa, kapena kutupa pakhosi.

• Itanani dokotala, kapena pitani naye kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
• Uzani dokotala wanu zomwe zinachitika, tsiku ndi nthawi yomwe zinachitikira, komanso nthawi yomwe katemerayo anapatsidwa.
• Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti anene zomwe achite polemba fomu ya Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Kapena mutha kuyika lipotili kudzera patsamba la VAERS pa http://vaers.hhs.gov/index kapena poyimbira 1-800-822-7967. VAERS sapereka upangiri wazachipatala.

Pulogalamu ya Federal, Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program, yakhazikitsidwa pansi pa PREP Act yothandizira kulipira chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zolipira zina za anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu ndi katemerayu.

Ngati mukuyankha ku katemerayu, kuthekera kwanu kukasumako kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi lamulo. Kuti mumve zambiri, pitani patsamba la pulogalamuyi ku www.hrsa.gov/countermeasurescomp, kapena itanani 1-888-275-4772.

• Funsani dokotala wanu kapena wothandizira zaumoyo. Atha kukupatsirani phukusi la katemera kapena angakupatseni chidziwitso china.
• Lumikizanani ndi Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): itanani 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) kapena pitani patsamba la CDC ku http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/vaccination /.
• Lumikizanani ndi US Department of Defense (DoD): itanani 1-877-438-8222 kapena pitani patsamba la DoD ku http://www.anthrax.osd.mil.

Chidziwitso cha Katemera wa Anthrax. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku United States ndi Human Services / Center for Disease Control and Prevention Programme ya Katemera. 3/10/2010.

• Zamatsenga^®