America's Deadly Sugar Yafikira Mlingo Wa Mliri

Zamkati

• Ambiri aife timadya mchere katatu patsiku-ndipo sitikudziwa.
• Zokometsera Zakudya Zathu
• Kuwona Mtengo Watsiku ndi Tsiku
• Kukula kwa Zakudya Zowonjezera
• Mbiri ya Shuga
• Osati 'Opanda Kalori'
• Kuwona Mtengo Watsiku ndi Tsiku
• Kukula kwa Zakudya Zowonjezera
• Mbiri ya Shuga
• Osati 'Opanda Kalori'
• Kuwona Mtengo Watsiku ndi Tsiku
• Kukula kwa Zakudya Zowonjezera
• Mbiri ya Shuga
• Osati 'Opanda Kalori'

Ambiri aife timadya mchere katatu patsiku-ndipo sitikudziwa.

Shuga ndi zotsekemera zina ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakumwa ndi zakudya zina zaku America zomwe amakonda. Ndipo alowerera mu zakudya zaku America, poganizira kuti anthu wamba aku America amadya supuni 20, kapena magalamu 80, a shuga patsiku. Zinthu zotsekemera ndizopezeka paliponse pazakudya zakumadzulo. Komabe, akatswiri akutero, zotsekemera ndizomwe zimathandizira matenda akulu.

Thupi laumunthu silinapangidwe kuti lizikwaniritsa milingo iyi ya zotsekemera, monga zikuwonekera chifukwa cha kukwera kwamatenda komwe kumayenderana nawo. Kuphatikiza pa zotsekemera, kumwa mopitilira muyeso kumathandizira kukulitsa mtundu wa 2 matenda ashuga, matenda amtima, ndi matenda osakhala aukali a chiwindi, omwe akuyembekezeka kuwerengera zopempha zochulukitsa chiwindi ku US

Sizomwe zimachitika nthawi zina zomwe akatswiri azachipatala amakhudzidwa nazo, koma zakumwa tsiku lililonse kwa anthu ambiri aku America. Dr. Alan Greene, dokotala wa ana yemwe akukhala pa board of the Institute for Responsible Nutrition, akuti zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga, komanso makeke, makeke, ndi ayisikilimu, ndizomwe zimayambitsa zolakwa zazikulu, koma magwero obisika a shuga nawonso amadetsa nkhawa . "Zomwe zimachitika ndikuti anthu aku America akudya mchere kangapo patsiku ndipo sakudziwa," adauza Healthline.

Zokometsera Zakudya Zathu

Ngakhale pali zoonekeratu zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wowonjezerapo, monga supuni ya tiyi ya shuga mu khofi wanu kapena mbale yambewu ya mwana wanu, pali njira zina zambiri zowonjezera zotsekemera zomwe zimalowa mu zakudya zaku America. Kuyamba tsiku lanu ndi china ngati yogati yamafuta ochepa, msuzi wazipatso, chimanga, kapena bala la granola kumatha kumveka ngati chisankho chabwino, koma zakudya zomveka bwino izi zitha kunyamula shuga wobisika.

Pazakudya, olakwira kwambiri ndiwodziwikiratu: ma syrups, maswiti, makeke, makeke, ndi mchere wa mkaka monga ayisikilimu. Cupcake Yamkati Yamkati, yomwe anthu aku America amadya 600 miliyoni pachaka, imakhala ndi magalamu 21 a shuga. Awiri a Little Debbie Swiss Cake Rolls ali ndi magalamu 27, chimodzimodzi ndi Snickers bar. M & Ms, maswiti ogulitsa kwambiri ku United States, ali ndi magalamu 30 a shuga pakatumikira, osanenapo 30 peresenti yamtengo wokwanira watsiku ndi tsiku wamafuta okhuta.

Kuwona Mtengo Watsiku ndi Tsiku

Ngakhale zakudya izi zonse zimalemba zomwe zili ndi shuga pachakudya chawo, ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe sichikhala ndi tanthauzo tsiku lililonse. Magulu onga American Heart Association (AHA) ndi World Health Organisation (WHO) amalimbikitsa kuti zosakwana 10 peresenti ya chakudya cha munthu zichokera ku shuga wowonjezera. Momwemo, amayi ambiri sayenera kudya zopitilira 100 patsiku, kapena ma supuni asanu ndi limodzi. Kwa amuna, ndiwo ma calories 150, kapena masupuni asanu ndi anayi. Monga supuni imodzi imakhala ndi magalamu anayi a shuga, kapu ya timadziti ta apulo yogulitsa-ngakhale omwe amadziwika kuti 100% ya madzi-amakupangitsani tsikulo.

M'mwezi wa Meyi, a FDA, omwe pofika Julayi 2018 adzaphatikizira shuga wathunthu ndikuwonjezera womwe ukuwonetsedwa ngati mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku, kusuntha komwe kumalengezedwa ndi akatswiri azakudya ndikudandaula ndi omwe ali mumakampani opanga zotsekemera. Koma kawirikawiri kusintha kwamalamulo kumabwera popanda kubwezera kuchokera kwa iwo omwe amapindula pogulitsa zinthu zokoma.

Mu 2002, WHO idatulutsa TRS 196, chikalata chomwe chidawunika njira zabwino kwambiri panjira yadziko lonse yothanirana ndi matenda osafalikira. Malangizo amodzi anali ochepetsa kudya shuga mpaka zosakwana 10 peresenti ya zopatsa mphamvu za munthu tsiku lililonse. Ripotilo lidawonongedwa ndi opanga shuga pamalingaliro ake asayansi ndi malingaliro ake, zomwe zidayambitsanso nkhondo ina pakati pa asayansi azaumoyo ndi makampani azakudya.

Magulu onga Sugar Association, Corn Refiners ’Association, International Dairy Foods Association, National Corn Growers’ Association, ndi Snack Food Association adalemba makalata otsutsa malangizowo poti panalibe umboni wokwanira wotsimikizira izi. "Adanenanso kuti palibe zakudya zoyipa, koma zakudya zoyipa zokha, ndipo izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kusankha kwawo," katswiri wazakudya waku Norway a Kaare R. Norum, pulofesa ku University of Olso, adalemba zamakampani akubwerera m'mbuyo.

Makampani opanga shuga mpaka adafunsa Tommy Thompson, yemwe panthawiyo anali U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, kuti asalandire gawo la US kulipira ku WHO ngati lipotilo lidasindikizidwa. Kusunthaku kudafaniziridwa ndi kuzunzidwa ndipo kumawonedwa ngati koyipa kuposa njira iliyonse yomwe amagwiritsanso ntchito ngakhale makampani ogulitsa fodya.

Idasindikizidwa ndipo palibe ndalama zomwe zidaletsedwa.

Kukula kwa Zakudya Zowonjezera

Shuga yakhala chakudya chaposachedwa kwambiri, monga cholesterol komanso mafuta okhathamira asanafike. Pakukonza chakudya, zakudya zofunikira ndi michere zimachotsedwa pomwe shuga amawonjezeredwa kuti azisangalatsa. Kafukufuku waposachedwa yemwe adapezeka mu Briteni Medical Journal adapeza kuti zakudya zopangidwa mwapamwamba kwambiri-zomwe zimakhala ndizopangira kwambiri zimapanga pafupifupi 58% ya ma calories omwe amadya, 90% yawo idawonjezeredwa shuga. Pafupifupi, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti, oposa 82 peresenti ya anthu 9,317 omwe adafunsidwa adadutsa magawo 10 a calories ochokera ku shuga.

Shuga, paokha, si mdierekezi m'kabati, koma kumwa kwake mopitirira muyeso kuli ndi akatswiri ambiri akuda nkhawa zaumoyo wamtundu wathu. Mmodzi mwa omwe amatsutsa kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi Dr. Robert Lustig, katswiri wazamaphunziro a ana ku University of California, San Francisco, komanso woyambitsa Institute for Responsible Nutrition. Sachita manyazi kutcha kupezeka kwa shuga mu zakudya zaku America kuti ndi poizoni kapena poyizoni.

"Tikufuna kusintha kwa chakudya," a Lustig adauza Healthline. “Sitikusowa shuga kuti tikhale ndi moyo. Palibe amene amatero. ”

Mbiri ya Shuga

Shuga wakhala gawo la zakudya za anthu kwazaka zambiri. Ataonedwa ngati wapamwamba, Christopher Columbus adabweretsanso mbewu za "golide woyera" paulendo wake wa 1492 wopita ku North America, ndipo nzimbe zidakula. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1800, anthu ambiri ku America ankadya mapaundi 4 a shuga pachaka. Adakali mbewu yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso gawo la pafupifupi chikhalidwe chilichonse padziko lapansi.

Koma ponena za shuga, sikuti tikungonena za shuga wapatebulo wopangidwa ndi nzimbe ndi beets, komanso zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga, monga manyuchi a chimanga ndi manyuchi a chimanga a high-fructose. Zonse zanenedwa, shuga imadziwika ndi mayina 56, iliyonse yomwe imatha kupezeka pamalemba azakudya. Onjezerani zonsezi pansi pa ambulera ya zotsekemera za caloric ndipo pachimake mu 1999, aku America anali kumwa mapaundi 155 a zotsekemera za caloric pachaka, kapena ma supuni pafupifupi 52 patsiku, malinga ndi US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Tsopano anthu wamba ku America amamwa pachaka pafupifupi mapaundi 105 pachaka, chizindikiro kuti malingaliro ogula pazinthu zoyera ayamba kusintha.

“Mwanjira ina, shuga ndiye chakudya choyambirira. Zimapezeka m'malo ena osayembekezereka, monga pizza, mkate, agalu otentha, mpunga wosakanizidwa, msuzi, ophika, msuzi wa spaghetti, nyama ya nkhomaliro, ndiwo zamzitini, zakumwa za zipatso, yogurt yamoto, ketchup, kuvala saladi, mayonesi, ndi chiponde batala, ”lipoti la USDA la 2000 linati.

Kuchokera mu 2005 mpaka 2009, 77 peresenti ya ma calories onse ogulidwa ku US anali ndi zotsekemera za caloric, malinga ndi 2012 kuchokera ku University of North Carolina ku Chapel Hill. Amapezeka m'malo ambiri omwe mungayembekezere-zokhwasula-khwasula, ma pie, makeke, makeke, ndi zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga - komanso m'maphika okonzeka kudya ndi granola, mapuloteni, ndi mipiringidzo yamagetsi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa . Manyuchi a chimanga ndiwo otsekemera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wazakudya ku US, kutsatiridwa ndi manyuchi, nzimbe, madzi a chimanga a high-fructose, ndi madzi a zipatso.

"Iwo ali mu zakudya zopangidwa monga yogurt, monga msuzi wa kanyenya, ketchup, buns hamburger, nyama ya hamburger," adatero Lustig. "Pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chili m'sitolo yonse yadzazidwa ndi shuga wowonjezera, mwadala, ndi ogulitsa chakudya, chifukwa amadziwa kuti akachiwonjezera mumagulanso zambiri."

Osati 'Opanda Kalori'

Ndiye ndi chiyani chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu, shuga kapena zotsekemera zopangidwa ndi chimanga?

Umenewo unali maziko a mlandu pakati pa mafakitale a shuga ndi opanga ma chimanga a high-fructose. Onse awiri adanenanso kuti anzawo amanamizira anzawo pazotsatsa, kuphatikiza zotsatsa zamasamba a chimanga kuti shuga zonse ndizofanana ndipo "Thupi lanu silingadziwe kusiyana." Pambuyo pazaka zambiri m'makhothi, mlanduwu pamapeto pake unazengedwa ku Los Angeles Novembala watha, koma Novembala 20, magulu awiriwa adalengeza kuti afika pamgwirizano. A FDA, komabe, kuti shuga, kaya ndi chimanga, beet kapena nzimbe, ndi chimodzimodzi ndipo amalimbikitsa aliyense kuti asamamwe onsewo.

Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zimatha kubweretsa matenda. Zochepa kwambiri? Chabwino, palibe chinthu choterocho.

Shuga yemwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe, monga zipatso kapena zopangidwa ndi mkaka, samasamala akatswiri chifukwa amabweretsa fiber, michere, ndi michere ina. Greene akuti ngakhale kuti ndizokayikitsa kuwona wina akudya maapulo asanu motsatizana, sizachilendo kuwona wina akudya shuga wofanana, ngati sichoncho, kwinaku akumwetsa makeke kapena kumwa soda.

"Dongosololi lakhomedwa ndi milingo iyi yomwe silidapangidwe kuti igwire," adatero.

Shuga woyengedwa ndi zotsekemera zina kuphatikiza ma syrup a chimanga a high-fructose ndi shuga wina wowonjezera wokhala ndi cholembera -ose-amapereka ma calories okha ndipo alibe phindu lililonse. Amatchedwa "zopatsa mphamvu zopanda kanthu," akatswiri amati zopatsa shuga sizikhala zopanda kanthu ndipo zimawononga thupi la munthu kuposa kale. Ndi zakudya zopanda mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu, kutanthauza kuti zimapereka mphamvu zambiri koma palibe china chilichonse chomwe thupi limafunikira. Ndipo ngati simutentha mphamvu imeneyo, thupi lanu limasandulika mafuta. Izi zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri ngati zibwera mwanjira yamadzimadzi chifukwa thupi silimva kukhuta, ngati kuti amadya mwamphamvu.

Funso ndiloti chifukwa chiyani shuga ali wambiri muzakudya zonse, komanso maphikidwe onse, komanso muzakudya zonse zomwe zasinthidwa? ” Lustig adati. “Ndipo yankho lake ndi chifukwa shuga amagulitsa. Ndipo ndikudziwa imagulitsa, koma mwatsoka, monga taphunzirira, sizabwino kwa inu. "

Onani chifukwa chake yakwana nthawi #BreakUpWithSugar

Mwachitsanzo, chidebe cha 6-ounce cha Dannon All Natural Plain Lowfat Yogurt chili ndi magalamu 12 a shuga. Galasi limodzi la ma ounili a Tropicana Pure Premium madzi a lalanje amakhala ndi magalamu 22 a shuga.

Phukusi lamatabula awiri a Nature Valley Oats 'n' Honey Granola Baresi ali ndi magalamu 11 a shuga. (Honey ndiye wachiwiri wotsekemera pambuyo pa shuga. Mabalawo amakhalanso ndi shuga wofiirira.) Ngakhale chizindikirocho chimati "zachilengedwe," "choyera," ndi "chilengedwe," mawu aku US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sawongolera , zonsezi zimawoneka ngati magwero a shuga wowonjezera.

Koma kadzutsa ndi chiyambi chabe.

Pazonse, kuchuluka kwa kalori kumachokera ku shuga wowonjezera. Gawo lachitatu limachokera ku zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga, kuphatikizapo zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, zakumwa zamasewera, ndi zakumwa za zipatso. Botolo limodzi lokhala ndi mafuta okwana 20 la Coca-Cola, ndilo soda yogulitsidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, lili ndi magalamu 65 a shuga. Kukula kofanana kwa Pepsi kuli ndi magalamu 69, ndipo "shuga weniweni" ali ndi magalamu 66. Gatorade 20-ounce ili ndi magalamu 34 a shuga. Koma zakumwa zotsekemera zotchedwa msuzi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri pa ounce kuposa ma sodas ambiri pamsika. Mwachitsanzo, botolo la 11.5 la Minute Maid Cranberry Apple Cocktail- "lopangidwa ndi msuzi weniweni wa zipatso" -ali ndi magalamu 58 a shuga, pomwe 12-ounce can ya Pepsi ili ndi magalamu 41.

Pazakudya, olakwira kwambiri ndiwodziwikiratu: ma syrups, maswiti, makeke, makeke, ndi mchere wa mkaka monga ayisikilimu. Cupcake Yamkati Yamkati, yomwe anthu aku America amadya 600 miliyoni pachaka, imakhala ndi magalamu 21 a shuga. Awiri a Little Debbie Swiss Cake Rolls ali ndi magalamu 27, chimodzimodzi ndi Snickers bar. M & Ms, maswiti ogulitsa kwambiri ku United States, ali ndi magalamu 30 a shuga pakatumikira, osanenapo 30 peresenti yamtengo wokwanira watsiku ndi tsiku wamafuta okhuta.

Kuwona Mtengo Watsiku ndi Tsiku

Ngakhale zakudya izi zonse zimalemba zomwe zili ndi shuga pachakudya chawo, ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe sichikhala ndi tanthauzo tsiku lililonse. Magulu onga American Heart Association (AHA) ndi World Health Organisation (WHO) amalimbikitsa kuti zosakwana 10 peresenti ya chakudya cha munthu zichokera ku shuga wowonjezera. Momwemo, amayi ambiri sayenera kudya zopitilira 100 patsiku, kapena ma supuni asanu ndi limodzi. Kwa amuna, ndiwo ma calories 150, kapena masupuni asanu ndi anayi. Monga supuni imodzi imakhala ndi magalamu anayi a shuga, kapu ya timadziti ta apulo yogulitsa-ngakhale omwe amadziwika kuti 100% ya madzi-amakupangitsani tsikulo.

M'mwezi wa Meyi, a FDA, omwe pofika Julayi 2018 adzaphatikizira shuga wathunthu ndikuwonjezera womwe ukuwonetsedwa ngati mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku, kusuntha komwe kumalengezedwa ndi akatswiri azakudya ndikudandaula ndi omwe ali mumakampani opanga zotsekemera. Koma kawirikawiri kusintha kwamalamulo kumabwera popanda kubwezera kuchokera kwa iwo omwe amapindula pogulitsa zinthu zokoma.

Mu 2002, WHO idatulutsa TRS 196, chikalata chomwe chidawunika njira zabwino kwambiri panjira yadziko lonse yothanirana ndi matenda osafalikira. Malangizo amodzi anali ochepetsa kudya shuga mpaka zosakwana 10 peresenti ya zopatsa mphamvu za munthu tsiku lililonse. Ripotilo lidawonongedwa ndi opanga shuga pamalingaliro ake asayansi ndi malingaliro ake, zomwe zidayambitsanso nkhondo ina pakati pa asayansi azaumoyo ndi makampani azakudya.

Magulu onga Sugar Association, Corn Refiners ’Association, International Dairy Foods Association, National Corn Growers’ Association, ndi Snack Food Association adalemba makalata otsutsa malangizowo poti panalibe umboni wokwanira wotsimikizira izi. "Adanenanso kuti palibe zakudya zoyipa, koma zakudya zoyipa zokha, ndipo izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kusankha kwawo," katswiri wazakudya waku Norway a Kaare R. Norum, pulofesa ku University of Olso, adalemba zamakampani akubwerera m'mbuyo.

Makampani opanga shuga mpaka adafunsa Tommy Thompson, yemwe panthawiyo anali U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, kuti asalandire gawo la US kulipira ku WHO ngati lipotilo lidasindikizidwa. Kusunthaku kudafaniziridwa ndi kuzunzidwa ndipo kumawonedwa ngati koyipa kuposa njira iliyonse yomwe amagwiritsanso ntchito ngakhale makampani ogulitsa fodya.

Idasindikizidwa ndipo palibe ndalama zomwe zidaletsedwa.

Kukula kwa Zakudya Zowonjezera

Shuga yakhala chakudya chaposachedwa kwambiri, monga cholesterol komanso mafuta okhathamira asanafike. Pakukonza chakudya, zakudya zofunikira ndi michere zimachotsedwa pomwe shuga amawonjezeredwa kuti azisangalatsa. Kafukufuku waposachedwa yemwe adapezeka mu Briteni Medical Journal adapeza kuti zakudya zopangidwa mwapamwamba kwambiri-zomwe zimakhala ndizopangira kwambiri zimapanga pafupifupi 58% ya ma calories omwe amadya, 90% yawo idawonjezeredwa shuga. Pafupifupi, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti, oposa 82 peresenti ya anthu 9,317 omwe adafunsidwa adadutsa magawo 10 a calories ochokera ku shuga.

Shuga, paokha, si mdierekezi m'kabati, koma kumwa kwake mopitirira muyeso kuli ndi akatswiri ambiri akuda nkhawa zaumoyo wamtundu wathu. Mmodzi mwa omwe amatsutsa kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi Dr. Robert Lustig, katswiri wazamaphunziro a ana ku University of California, San Francisco, komanso woyambitsa Institute for Responsible Nutrition. Sachita manyazi kutcha kupezeka kwa shuga mu zakudya zaku America kuti ndi poizoni kapena poyizoni.

"Tikufuna kusintha kwa chakudya," a Lustig adauza Healthline. “Sitikusowa shuga kuti tikhale ndi moyo. Palibe amene amatero. ”

Mbiri ya Shuga

Shuga wakhala gawo la zakudya za anthu kwazaka zambiri. Ataonedwa ngati wapamwamba, Christopher Columbus adabweretsanso mbewu za "golide woyera" paulendo wake wa 1492 wopita ku North America, ndipo nzimbe zidakula. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1800, anthu ambiri ku America ankadya mapaundi 4 a shuga pachaka. Adakali mbewu yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso gawo la pafupifupi chikhalidwe chilichonse padziko lapansi.

Koma ponena za shuga, sikuti tikungonena za shuga wapatebulo wopangidwa ndi nzimbe ndi beets, komanso zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga, monga manyuchi a chimanga ndi manyuchi a chimanga a high-fructose. Zonse zanenedwa, shuga imadziwika ndi mayina 56, iliyonse yomwe imatha kupezeka pamalemba azakudya. Onjezerani zonsezi pansi pa ambulera ya zotsekemera za caloric ndipo pachimake mu 1999, aku America anali kumwa mapaundi 155 a zotsekemera za caloric pachaka, kapena ma supuni pafupifupi 52 patsiku, malinga ndi US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Tsopano anthu wamba ku America amamwa pachaka pafupifupi mapaundi 105 pachaka, chizindikiro kuti malingaliro ogula pazinthu zoyera ayamba kusintha.

“Mwanjira ina, shuga ndiye chakudya choyambirira. Zimapezeka m'malo ena osayembekezereka, monga pizza, mkate, agalu otentha, mpunga wosakanizidwa, msuzi, ophika, msuzi wa spaghetti, nyama ya nkhomaliro, ndiwo zamzitini, zakumwa za zipatso, yogurt yamoto, ketchup, kuvala saladi, mayonesi, ndi chiponde batala, ”lipoti la USDA la 2000 linati.

Kuchokera mu 2005 mpaka 2009, 77 peresenti ya ma calories onse ogulidwa ku US anali ndi zotsekemera za caloric, malinga ndi 2012 kuchokera ku University of North Carolina ku Chapel Hill. Amapezeka m'malo ambiri omwe mungayembekezere-zokhwasula-khwasula, ma pie, makeke, makeke, ndi zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga - komanso m'maphika okonzeka kudya ndi granola, mapuloteni, ndi mipiringidzo yamagetsi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa . Manyuchi a chimanga ndiwo otsekemera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wazakudya ku US, kutsatiridwa ndi manyuchi, nzimbe, madzi a chimanga a high-fructose, ndi madzi a zipatso.

"Iwo ali mu zakudya zopangidwa monga yogurt, monga msuzi wa kanyenya, ketchup, buns hamburger, nyama ya hamburger," adatero Lustig. "Pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chili m'sitolo yonse yadzazidwa ndi shuga wowonjezera, mwadala, ndi ogulitsa chakudya, chifukwa amadziwa kuti akachiwonjezera mumagulanso china."

Osati 'Opanda Kalori'

Ndiye ndi chiyani chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu, shuga kapena zotsekemera zopangidwa ndi chimanga?

Umenewo unali maziko a mlandu pakati pa mafakitale a shuga ndi opanga ma chimanga a high-fructose. Onse awiri adanenanso kuti anzawo amanamizira anzawo pazotsatsa, kuphatikiza zotsatsa zamasamba a chimanga kuti shuga zonse ndizofanana ndipo "Thupi lanu silingadziwe kusiyana." Pambuyo pazaka zambiri m'makhothi, mlanduwu udazengedwa ku Los Angeles Novembala watha, koma Novembala 20, magulu awiriwa adalengeza kuti afika pamgwirizano. A FDA, komabe, kuti shuga, kaya ndi chimanga, beet kapena nzimbe, ndi chimodzimodzi ndipo amalimbikitsa aliyense kuti asamamwe onsewo.

Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zimatha kubweretsa matenda. Zochepa kwambiri? Chabwino, palibe chinthu choterocho.

Shuga yemwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe, monga zipatso kapena zopangidwa ndi mkaka, samasamala akatswiri chifukwa amabweretsa fiber, michere, ndi michere ina. Greene akuti ngakhale kuti ndizokayikitsa kuwona wina akudya maapulo asanu motsatizana, si zachilendo kuwona wina akudya shuga wofanana, ngati sichoncho, kwinaku akumwetsa makeke kapena kumwa soda.

"Dongosololi lakhomedwa ndi milingo iyi yomwe silidapangidwe kuti igwire," adatero.

Shuga woyengedwa ndi zotsekemera zina kuphatikiza ma syrup a chimanga a high-fructose ndi shuga wina wowonjezera wokhala ndi cholembera -ose-amapereka ma calories okha ndipo alibe phindu lililonse. Amatchedwa "zopatsa mphamvu zopanda kanthu," akatswiri amati zopatsa shuga sizikhala zopanda kanthu ndipo zimawononga thupi la munthu kuposa kale. Ndi zakudya zopanda mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu, kutanthauza kuti zimapereka mphamvu zambiri koma palibe china chilichonse chomwe thupi limafunikira. Ndipo ngati simutentha mphamvu imeneyo, thupi lanu limasandulika mafuta. Izi zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri ngati zibwera mwanjira yamadzimadzi chifukwa thupi silimva kukhuta, ngati kuti amadya mwamphamvu.

Funso ndiloti chifukwa chiyani shuga ali wambiri muzakudya zonse, komanso maphikidwe onse, komanso muzakudya zonse zomwe zasinthidwa? ” Lustig adati. “Ndipo yankho lake ndi chifukwa shuga amagulitsa. Ndipo ndikudziwa imagulitsa, koma mwatsoka, monga taphunzirira, sizabwino kwa inu. "

Onani chifukwa chake yakwana nthawi #BreakUpWithSugar

Mwachitsanzo, chidebe cha 6-ounce cha Dannon All Natural Plain Lowfat Yogurt chili ndi magalamu 12 a shuga. Galasi limodzi la ma ounili a Tropicana Pure Premium madzi a lalanje amakhala ndi magalamu 22 a shuga.

Phukusi la mabala awiri a Nature Valley Oats 'n' Honey Granola Bars ali ndi magalamu 11 a shuga. (Honey ndiye wachiwiri wotsekemera pambuyo pa shuga. Mabalawo amakhalanso ndi shuga wofiirira.) Ngakhale chizindikirocho chimati "zachilengedwe," "choyera," ndi "chilengedwe," mawu aku US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sawongolera , zonsezi zimawoneka ngati magwero a shuga wowonjezera.

Koma kadzutsa ndi chiyambi chabe.

Pazonse, kuchuluka kwa kalori kumachokera ku shuga wowonjezera. Gawo lachitatu limachokera ku zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga, kuphatikizapo zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, zakumwa zamasewera, ndi zakumwa za zipatso. Botolo limodzi lokhala ndi mafuta okwana 20 la Coca-Cola, ndilo soda yogulitsidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, lili ndi magalamu 65 a shuga. Kukula kofanana kwa Pepsi kuli ndi magalamu 69, ndipo "shuga weniweni" ali ndi magalamu 66. Gatorade 20-ounce ili ndi magalamu 34 a shuga. Koma zakumwa zotsekemera zotchedwa msuzi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri pa ounce kuposa ma sodas ambiri pamsika. Mwachitsanzo, botolo limodzi la 11.5 la Minute Maid Cranberry Apple Cocktail- "lopangidwa ndi msuzi weniweni wa zipatso" -ali ndi magalamu 58 a shuga, pomwe 12-ounce can ya Pepsi ili ndi magalamu 41.

Pazakudya, olakwira kwambiri ndiwodziwikiratu: ma syrups, maswiti, makeke, makeke, ndi mchere wa mkaka monga ayisikilimu. Cupcake Yamkati Yamkati, yomwe anthu aku America amadya 600 miliyoni pachaka, imakhala ndi magalamu 21 a shuga. Awiri a Little Debbie Swiss Cake Rolls ali ndi magalamu 27, chimodzimodzi ndi Snickers bar. M & Ms, maswiti ogulitsa kwambiri ku United States, ali ndi magalamu 30 a shuga pakatumikira, osanenapo 30 peresenti yamtengo wokwanira watsiku ndi tsiku wamafuta okhuta.

Kuwona Mtengo Watsiku ndi Tsiku

Ngakhale zakudya izi zonse zimalemba zomwe zili ndi shuga pachakudya chawo, ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe sichikhala ndi tanthauzo tsiku lililonse. Magulu onga American Heart Association (AHA) ndi World Health Organisation (WHO) amalimbikitsa kuti zosakwana 10 peresenti ya chakudya cha munthu zichokera ku shuga wowonjezera. Momwemo, amayi ambiri sayenera kudya zopitilira 100 patsiku, kapena ma supuni asanu ndi limodzi. Kwa amuna, ndiwo ma calories 150, kapena masupuni asanu ndi anayi. Monga supuni imodzi imakhala ndi magalamu anayi a shuga, kapu ya timadziti ta apulo yogulitsa-ngakhale omwe amadziwika kuti 100% ya madzi-amakupangitsani tsikulo.

M'mwezi wa Meyi, a FDA, omwe pofika Julayi 2018 adzaphatikizira shuga wathunthu ndikuwonjezera womwe ukuwonetsedwa ngati mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku, kusuntha komwe kumalengezedwa ndi akatswiri azakudya ndikudandaula ndi omwe ali mumakampani opanga zotsekemera. Koma kawirikawiri kusintha kwamalamulo kumabwera popanda kubwezera kuchokera kwa iwo omwe amapindula pogulitsa zinthu zokoma.

Mu 2002, WHO idatulutsa TRS 196, chikalata chomwe chidawunika njira zabwino kwambiri panjira yadziko lonse yothanirana ndi matenda osafalikira. Malangizo amodzi anali ochepetsa kudya shuga mpaka zosakwana 10 peresenti ya zopatsa mphamvu za munthu tsiku lililonse. Ripotilo lidawonongedwa ndi opanga shuga pamalingaliro ake asayansi ndi malingaliro ake, zomwe zidayambitsanso nkhondo ina pakati pa asayansi azaumoyo ndi makampani azakudya.

Magulu onga Sugar Association, Corn Refiners ’Association, International Dairy Foods Association, National Corn Growers’ Association, ndi Snack Food Association adalemba makalata otsutsa malangizowo poti panalibe umboni wokwanira wotsimikizira izi. "Adanenanso kuti palibe zakudya zoyipa, koma zakudya zoyipa zokha, ndipo izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kusankha kwawo," katswiri wazakudya waku Norway a Kaare R. Norum, pulofesa ku University of Olso, adalemba zamakampani akubwerera m'mbuyo.

Makampani opanga shuga mpaka adafunsa Tommy Thompson, yemwe panthawiyo anali U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, kuti asalandire gawo la US kulipira ku WHO ngati lipotilo lidasindikizidwa. Kusunthaku kudafaniziridwa ndi kuzunzidwa ndipo kumawonedwa ngati koyipa kuposa njira iliyonse yomwe amagwiritsanso ntchito ngakhale makampani ogulitsa fodya.

Idasindikizidwa ndipo palibe ndalama zomwe zidaletsedwa.

Kukula kwa Zakudya Zowonjezera

Shuga yakhala chakudya chaposachedwa kwambiri, monga cholesterol komanso mafuta okhathamira asanafike. Pakukonza chakudya, zakudya zofunikira ndi michere zimachotsedwa pomwe shuga amawonjezeredwa kuti azisangalatsa. Kafukufuku waposachedwa yemwe adapezeka mu Briteni Medical Journal adapeza kuti zakudya zopangidwa mwapamwamba kwambiri-zomwe zimakhala ndizopangira kwambiri zimapanga pafupifupi 58% ya ma calories omwe amadya, 90% yawo idawonjezeredwa shuga. Pafupifupi, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti, oposa 82 peresenti ya anthu 9,317 omwe adafunsidwa adadutsa magawo 10 a calories ochokera ku shuga.

Shuga, paokha, si mdierekezi m'kabati, koma kumwa kwake mopitirira muyeso kuli ndi akatswiri ambiri akuda nkhawa zaumoyo wamtundu wathu. Mmodzi mwa omwe amatsutsa kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi Dr. Robert Lustig, katswiri wazamaphunziro a ana ku University of California, San Francisco, komanso woyambitsa Institute for Responsible Nutrition. Sachita manyazi kutcha kupezeka kwa shuga mu zakudya zaku America kuti ndi poizoni kapena poyizoni.

"Tikufuna kusintha kwa chakudya," a Lustig adauza Healthline. “Sitikusowa shuga kuti tikhale ndi moyo. Palibe amene amatero. ”

Mbiri ya Shuga

Shuga wakhala gawo la zakudya za anthu kwazaka zambiri. Ataonedwa ngati wapamwamba, Christopher Columbus adabweretsanso mbewu za "golide woyera" paulendo wake wa 1492 wopita ku North America, ndipo nzimbe zidakula. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1800, anthu ambiri ku America ankadya mapaundi 4 a shuga pachaka. Adakali mbewu yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso gawo la pafupifupi chikhalidwe chilichonse padziko lapansi.

Koma ponena za shuga, sikuti tikungonena za shuga wapatebulo wopangidwa ndi nzimbe ndi beets, komanso zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga, monga manyuchi a chimanga ndi manyuchi a chimanga a high-fructose. Zonse zanenedwa, shuga imadziwika ndi mayina 56, iliyonse yomwe imatha kupezeka pamalemba azakudya. Onjezerani zonsezi pansi pa ambulera ya zotsekemera za caloric ndipo pachimake mu 1999, aku America anali kumwa mapaundi 155 a zotsekemera za caloric pachaka, kapena ma supuni pafupifupi 52 patsiku, malinga ndi US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Tsopano anthu wamba ku America amamwa pachaka pafupifupi mapaundi 105 pachaka, chizindikiro kuti malingaliro ogula pazinthu zoyera ayamba kusintha.

“Mwanjira ina, shuga ndiye chakudya choyambirira. Zimapezeka m'malo ena osayembekezereka, monga pizza, mkate, agalu otentha, mpunga wosakanizidwa, msuzi, ophika, msuzi wa spaghetti, nyama ya nkhomaliro, ndiwo zamzitini, zakumwa za zipatso, yogurt yamoto, ketchup, kuvala saladi, mayonesi, ndi chiponde batala, ”lipoti la USDA la 2000 linati.

Kuchokera mu 2005 mpaka 2009, 77 peresenti ya ma calories onse ogulidwa ku US anali ndi zotsekemera za caloric, malinga ndi 2012 kuchokera ku University of North Carolina ku Chapel Hill. Amapezeka m'malo ambiri omwe mungayembekezere-zokhwasula-khwasula, ma pie, makeke, makeke, ndi zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga - komanso m'maphika okonzeka kudya ndi granola, mapuloteni, ndi mipiringidzo yamagetsi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa .Manyuchi a chimanga ndiwo otsekemera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wazakudya ku US, kutsatiridwa ndi manyuchi, nzimbe, madzi a chimanga a high-fructose, ndi madzi a zipatso.

"Iwo ali mu zakudya zopangidwa monga yogurt, monga msuzi wa kanyenya, ketchup, buns hamburger, nyama ya hamburger," adatero Lustig. "Pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chili m'sitolo yonse yadzazidwa ndi shuga wowonjezera, mwadala, ndi ogulitsa chakudya, chifukwa amadziwa kuti akachiwonjezera mumagulanso china."

Osati 'Opanda Kalori'

Ndiye ndi chiyani chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu, shuga kapena zotsekemera zopangidwa ndi chimanga?

Umenewo unali maziko a mlandu pakati pa mafakitale a shuga ndi opanga ma chimanga a high-fructose. Onse awiri adanenanso kuti anzawo amanamizira anzawo pazotsatsa, kuphatikiza zotsatsa zamasamba a chimanga kuti shuga zonse ndizofanana ndipo "Thupi lanu silingadziwe kusiyana." Pambuyo pazaka zambiri m'makhothi, mlanduwu udazengedwa ku Los Angeles Novembala watha, koma Novembala 20, magulu awiriwa adalengeza kuti afika pamgwirizano. A FDA, komabe, kuti shuga, kaya ndi chimanga, beet kapena nzimbe, ndi chimodzimodzi ndipo amalimbikitsa aliyense kuti asamamwe onsewo.

Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zimatha kubweretsa matenda. Zochepa kwambiri? Chabwino, palibe chinthu choterocho.

Shuga yemwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe, monga zipatso kapena zopangidwa ndi mkaka, samasamala akatswiri chifukwa amabweretsa fiber, michere, ndi michere ina. Greene akuti ngakhale kuti ndizokayikitsa kuwona wina akudya maapulo asanu motsatizana, si zachilendo kuwona wina akudya shuga wofanana, ngati sichoncho, kwinaku akumwetsa makeke kapena kumwa soda.

"Dongosololi lakhomedwa ndi milingo iyi yomwe silidapangidwe kuti igwire," adatero.

Shuga woyengedwa ndi zotsekemera zina kuphatikiza ma syrup a chimanga a high-fructose ndi shuga wina wowonjezera wokhala ndi cholembera -ose-amapereka ma calories okha ndipo alibe phindu lililonse. Amatchedwa "zopatsa mphamvu zopanda kanthu," akatswiri amati zopatsa shuga sizikhala zopanda kanthu ndipo zimawononga thupi la munthu kuposa kale. Ndi zakudya zopanda mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu, kutanthauza kuti zimapereka mphamvu zambiri koma palibe china chilichonse chomwe thupi limafunikira. Ndipo ngati simutentha mphamvu imeneyo, thupi lanu limasandulika mafuta. Izi zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri ngati zibwera mwanjira yamadzimadzi chifukwa thupi silimva kukhuta, ngati kuti amadya mwamphamvu.

Funso ndiloti chifukwa chiyani shuga ali wambiri muzakudya zonse, komanso maphikidwe onse, komanso muzakudya zonse zomwe zasinthidwa? ” Lustig adati. “Ndipo yankho lake ndi chifukwa shuga amagulitsa. Ndipo ndikudziwa imagulitsa, koma mwatsoka, monga taphunzirira, sizabwino kwa inu. "

Onani chifukwa chake yakwana nthawi #BreakUpWithSugar