Ankylosing Spondylitis ndi Kutupa kwa Maso: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Chifukwa chiyani kutupa kwamaso (uveitis) kumakula
• Zizindikiro za uveitis
• Kodi uveitis imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi uveitis amachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Chiwonetsero
• Momwe mungatetezere maso anu

Chidule

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) ndi matenda otupa. Zimayambitsa kupweteka, kutupa, ndi kuuma m'malo olumikizirana mafupa. Zimakhudza kwambiri msana wanu, chiuno, ndi madera omwe kulumikizana ndi mafupa ndi mafupa. Kutsogola AS kumatha kuyambitsa mafupa atsopano mumsana ndikupangitsa kuti msana usakanikike.

Ngakhale kutupa kwa AS kumakhala kofala mumsana ndi malo akulu, kumathanso kupezeka m'malo ena amthupi, monga maso. Pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi AS amakhala ndi kutupa kwamaso. Vutoli limadziwika kuti uveitis.

Uveitis nthawi zambiri imakhudza iris, mphete yachikuda mozungulira mwana wanu. Chifukwa iris ili pakatikati pa diso, uveitis nthawi zambiri amatchedwa anterior uveitis. Kawirikawiri, uveitis ingakhudze kumbuyo kapena mbali zina za diso lanu, lomwe limatchedwa posterior uveitis.

Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake matenda am'mimba amachitikira, momwe mungazindikire, chithandizo chanu, ndi zina zambiri.

Chifukwa chiyani kutupa kwamaso (uveitis) kumakula

AS ndi matenda amachitidwe, omwe amatanthauza kuti atha kukhudza magawo angapo amthupi ndikupangitsa kutupa kwakukulu.

Mtundu wa HLA-B27 ukhozanso kukhala wowonjezera. Mtundu uwu umakhala wamba kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi AS kapena uveitis. Zina zomwe zimagawidwa ndi jini zimaphatikizira matenda am'matumbo opatsirana komanso nyamakazi yowonongeka.

Uveitis ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba kuti muli ndi machitidwe monga AS. Uveitis amathanso kuchitika popanda vuto lina lotupa.

Zizindikiro za uveitis

Uveitis nthawi zambiri imakhudza diso limodzi nthawi, ngakhale imatha kukula m'maso onse. Zitha kuchitika modzidzimutsa ndikukula msanga, kapena zimatha kukula pang'onopang'ono ndikuipiraipira pakatha milungu ingapo.

Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha uveitis ndikufiira kutsogolo kwa diso.

Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• kutupa kwa diso
• kupweteka kwa diso
• kutengeka ndi kuwala
• kusawona bwino kapena mitambo
• mawanga amdima m'masomphenya anu (amadziwikanso kuti zoyandama)
• kuchepa kwa masomphenya

Kodi uveitis imapezeka bwanji?

Matenda ambiri a uveitis amapezeka ndi kuwunika mbiri yanu yazachipatala ndikuwayesa bwino.

Kuyezetsa diso kumaphatikizapo izi:

• kuyesa tchati cha diso kuti muwone ngati masomphenya anu atsika
• fundoscopic test, kapena ophthalmoscopy, kuti ayang'ane kumbuyo kwa diso
• kuyesa kwa ocular kuti muyese kuthamanga kwa diso
• kuyezetsa nyali kuti adziwe zambiri za diso, kuphatikiza mitsempha yamagazi

Ngati mukukayika ngati AS, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa mayeso oyerekeza, monga X-ray kapena MRI, kuti awone mafupa ndi mafupa anu.

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu amathanso kuyitanitsa kukayezetsa magazi kuti awone jini la HLA-B27. Zotsatira zoyeserera zabwino sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi AS, komabe. Anthu ambiri ali ndi jini la HLA-B27 ndipo samakhala ndi vuto lotupa.

Ngati sizikudziwika chifukwa chake muli ndi uveitis, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa zoyezetsa magazi zowonjezera kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi matenda.

Kodi uveitis amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Dongosolo la chithandizo cha uveitis yokhudzana ndi AS lili kawiri. Cholinga chomwecho ndikuchepetsa kutupa kwamaso ndi zotsatira zake. Ndikofunikanso kuthana ndi AS kwathunthu.

Njira yoyamba yothandizira uveitis ndi eyedrops yotsutsana ndi yotupa, kapena eyedrops yomwe ili ndi corticosteroid. Ngati izo sizigwira ntchito, mapiritsi kapena jakisoni wa corticosteroid angafunike. Ngati mumadalira corticosteroids, dokotala wanu akhoza kuwonjezera mankhwala a immunosuppressant kuti alole steroid tapering.

Kuopsa kwa uveitis kungafune njira yochotsera zinthu zina ngati gel zomwe zili m'diso, zomwe zimadziwika kuti vitreous.

Kuchita opaleshoni yolowetsa m'maso chida chomwe chimatulutsa mankhwala a corticosteroid kwa nthawi yayitali kungalimbikitsidwe ngati muli ndi uveitis osayankha mankhwala ena.

Ngati muli ndi AS, ndikofunikira kusamalira zizindikiritso zanu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta monga uveitis. Zithandizo za AS zimathandizira kuchepetsa kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe ndi kutupa.

Mankhwala amasiyana, koma zosankha zake ndi monga:

• mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs), monga ibuprofen (Advil)
• mankhwala a biologic, monga interleukin-17 inhibitor kapena chotupa necrosis factor blocker
• chithandizo chamankhwala
• mankhwala otentha komanso ozizira
• kusintha kwa moyo wanu, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyesa zakudya zopewetsa kutupa, komanso kusiya kusuta

Chiwonetsero

Uveitis sichimasangalatsa kwenikweni. Si mkhalidwe womwe muyenera kunyalanyaza. Uveitis nthawi zambiri samatha pakapita nthawi kapena ndi madontho a m'maso. Zimafunikira kuwunikidwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi ophthalmologist kapena optometrist.

Matenda ambiri a uveitis amachiritsidwa bwino ndi mankhwala komanso chisamaliro chofanana cha diso. Mukangoyamba kumene kulandira chithandizo, muchepetsani chiopsezo cha zovuta zazitali.

Zovuta zitha kukhala:

• ng'ala
• minofu yofiira, yomwe imatha kubweretsa kusayenda bwino kwa mwana
• glaucoma, yomwe imakulitsa kupsyinjika m'maso ndipo imatha kuyambitsa masomphenya
• kuchepa kwa masomphenya kuchokera ku calcium calcium pa cornea
• kutupa kwa diso, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa kutayika kwamaso

Uveitis ikhoza kukhala yovuta kuwongolera, makamaka ngati imayambitsidwa ndi AS kapena machitidwe ena otupa.

Popeza pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kuti zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti uveitis ipitirire. Matenda owopsa a uveitis kumbuyo kwa diso amatenga nthawi kuti achiritse. Vutoli limatha kubwerera atalandira chithandizo.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati matenda anu akukula kapena akubwereranso.

Momwe mungatetezere maso anu

Nthawi zonse ndikofunika kuteteza maso anu ku cheza cha UVA ndi UVB komanso zowopsa zachilengedwe. Ngati muli ndi uveitis, komabe, ndikofunikira kuti musamalire.

National Eye Institute imalimbikitsa malangizo awa kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino:

• Pezani mayeso amaso apachaka.
• Valani magalasi oteteza maso anu ku cheza cha UVA ndi UVB.
• Ngati mumakonda kuwala, valani magalasi m'nyumba kapena musayatse magetsi.
• Musayang'ane kutali ndi kompyuta yanu, foni, kapena kanema wawayilesi kwa mphindi zosachepera 20 mphindi 20 zilizonse.
• Valani zovala zoteteza maso mukamagwira ntchito ndi zinthu zoopsa kapena pamalo omanga.
• Valani zovala zodzitchinjiriza mukamasewera kapena pochita ntchito zapakhomo.
• Siyani kusuta, chifukwa kusuta kumathandizira kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha m'maso ndi zina.

Malangizo kwa anthu omwe amavala magalasi olumikizirana:

• Sambani m'manja pafupipafupi komanso musanalowetse magalasi olumikizirana.
• Osamavala magalasi m'maso mwanu muli chotupa.
• Pewani kusisita m'maso mwanu kapena kugwira manja anu m'maso mwanu.
• Sanjani ma lenses anu nthawi zonse.