Kodi Anosognosia ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Zoyambitsa
• Zizindikiro
• Matendawa
• Zokhudzana ndi zina
• Chithandizo
• Thandizo la Antipsychotic
• Thandizo lolimbikitsira (MET)
• Kuthandizira wina yemwe ali ndi anosognosia
• Maganizo ake

Chidule

Anthu samakhala omasuka nthawi zonse kuvomereza kwa iwo okha kapena kwa ena kuti ali ndi vuto lomwe adangopezeka kuti ali nalo. Izi si zachilendo, ndipo anthu ambiri pamapeto pake amavomereza matendawa.

Koma nthawi zina, kukanidwako kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo sikuti kukana kumene kumapangitsa munthu kukana zowonazo. Ndi vuto lotchedwa anosognosia. Kutanthauza kuti "kusazindikira kapena kuzindikira" m'Chigiriki.

Anosognosia ndi kusowa kokhoza kuzindikira zenizeni za zomwe munthu ali nazo. Ndikulephera kwa munthu kuvomereza kuti ali ndi vuto lomwe likugwirizana ndi zizindikilo zake kapena matenda omwe amapezeka.

Izi zimachitika ngakhale pali umboni wambiri wokhudzana ndi matendawa, ndipo ngakhale malingaliro azachipatala achiwiri komanso achitatu akutsimikizira kutsimikizika kwa matendawa.

Anosognosia ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa ubongo. Sikumangokhala ouma khosi kapena kukana kotheratu, komwe ndi njira yodzitchinjiriza yomwe anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito akalandira zovuta kuti athe kulimbana nayo. M'malo mwake, anosognosia ndiyofunikira kwambiri ngati schizophrenia kapena bipolar disorder.

Tiyeni tiwone bwino chomwe chimayambitsa chizindikirochi, momwe mungachizindikirire, komanso zomwe inu ndi okondedwa anu mungachite kuti mupirire.

Zoyambitsa

Maganizo anu amasintha m'moyo wanu wonse. Kungokwatira? Mutha kukhala wotsimikiza tsopano kuti pamapeto pake mwamanga mfundo ndi munthu amene mumamukonda.Chuma chatsopano pankhope panu? Ubongo wanu umafunika kuuganizira kuti muzikumbukira kuti ulipo mukamayang'ana pagalasi.

Lobe wanu wakutsogolo amatenga nawo mbali pantchito yosinthayi. Ndipo matenda ena amisala amatha kuyambitsa kusintha mu gawo ili laubongo wanu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti minofu yakutsogolo ikhale yokonzanso pakapita nthawi.

Pambuyo pake, mutha kutaya mwayi wanu wodziwa zambiri ndikukonzanso momwe mumadzionera nokha kapena thanzi lanu lonse.

Ndipo popeza ubongo wanu sungathe kumvetsetsa zinthu zatsopano chifukwa cha matenda anu, inu kapena okondedwa anu mungasokonezeke kapena kukhumudwa chifukwa chowoneka kuti simukuyang'ana matenda anu mozama.

Zizindikiro

Chizindikiro chodziwika kwambiri cha anosognosia ndikumvetsetsa, kuzindikira, kapena kuvomereza kuti muli ndi matenda. Izi ndizotheka ngakhale pali umboni wokwanira kuti mumatero.

Nazi njira zina zodziwira kusiyana pakati pa anosognosia ndi kukana kapena mayankho ena ku matenda:

• Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi vutoli amawonetsa chimodzimodzi. Ena akhoza kuvomereza mosabisa kuti saganiza kuti pali vuto lililonse pa iwo. Ena angapewe kulankhula za vutoli chifukwa akuganiza kuti palibe amene akuwakhulupirira. Ndipo enanso akhoza kusokonezeka kapena kukhumudwa anthuwo akamatsutsa zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi zoona.
• Anosognosia siyokhazikika. Wina akhoza kudziwa momwe alili ndikumuchiritsa ndi mankhwala kapena kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala. Amatha kusazindikira mwadzidzidzi ndikusowa nthawi yokumana kapena kuyiwala kumwa mankhwala posakhalitsa chifukwa sangathe kuzindikira momwe alili. Wina akhoza kuvomereza zizindikilo zina koma osati zina. Mwachitsanzo, wina amene ali ndi hemiplegia mwina sangazindikire kuti mbali imodzi ya thupi lawo ndi yofooka kapena yopuwala. Koma atha kukhalabe akudziwa zizindikilo monga zovuta kuyankhula (aphasia) kapena kutaya masomphenya (hemianopia).
• Samalani kwambiri pamakhalidwe asanakwane kapena pambuyo poti mukudwala. Kuzindikira kwa wina kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakapita nthawi. Izi zitha kukupangitsani kuganiza kuti akungoyesa kunyalanyaza mkhalidwe wawo kuti ateteze malingaliro awo. Koma ndikofunika kuganizira za kusiyana pakati pa umunthu wa munthu ndi zizindikiro za anosognosia. Kodi adawonetsa izi asanadziwike? Kodi ndiosagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chawo pokana mkhalidwe wawo?

Matendawa

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti mukawone katswiri wazamisala kapena katswiri wazachipatala ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mwapezeka kuti muli ndi vuto lomwe lingagwirizane ndi anosognosia. Katswiri amatha kuwunika momwe thanzi lanu lilili komanso zizindikilo zilizonse zomwe zingabuke.

Katswiri amathanso kuzindikira anosognosia koyambirira. Ngakhale kusintha kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kudziwika ndi katswiri.

Njira imodzi yowunikira ndi njira ya "LEAP", yomwe imachitika ndi:

• kumvetsera kwa munthuyo
• kumvetsetsa ndi munthuyo
• kuvomereza ndi munthuyo
• kuyanjana ndi munthuyo

Njirayi imathandizira kutsegula zokambirana pakati pa dokotala ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi anosognosia. Izi zimamupatsa munthu kuti azindikire zomwe zili mumkhalidwe wawo ndikumvetsetsa kuti anthu owazungulira amakhala othandizira komanso omvetsetsa.

Chida china chodziwikiratu chomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndi Scale to Assessness Unawagement of Mental Disorder (SUM-D). Kuyesaku kumayika lingaliro la "kuzindikira" pamitundu yomwe imaphatikizapo:

• Kudziwitsa. Kodi munthuyo akuzindikira kuti ali ndi vuto? Kodi akuwona zizindikiro za matenda awo? Kodi akudziwa kuti pakhoza kukhala zovuta zina pagulu lawo?
• Kumvetsetsa. Kodi munthuyo akuzindikira kuti akufunikira chithandizo?
• Kupereka. Kodi amakhulupirira kuti zizindikiro zawo zimadza chifukwa chodwala?

Zotsatira za mayeso a SUM-D za munthu atha kuwonetsa ngati munthu ali ndi anosognosia.

Zokhudzana ndi zina

Zomwe zimakonda kwambiri zokhudzana ndi anosognosia ndi izi:

• schizophrenia
• matenda amisala (kuphatikiza Alzheimer's)
• matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika
• kusokonezeka kwakukulu
• hemiplegia

Anosognosia imapezeka kwambiri mu schizophrenia. Pafupifupi anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia ali ndi mtundu wina wa anosognosia.

Anosognosia imadziwikanso makamaka mu hemiplegia. Wina amene ali ndi vutoli sangazindikire kuti ali ndi ziwalo zochepa kapena zokwanira mbali imodzi ya thupi lawo. Izi ndi zoona ngakhale atazindikira kuti ziwalo zawo siziyenda bwino.

Chithandizo

Kufunafuna chithandizo kwa mlangizi kapena wamisala atangodziwa kuti ali ndi thanzi lam'mutu kumatha kukhala thandizo lalikulu kwa munthu amene ali ndi anosognosia. Vutoli limatha kukhumudwitsa munthu yemwe atha kukhala ndi nkhawa zakubwenzi ndi abwenzi, abale, kapena ngakhale ogwira nawo ntchito kapena zovuta zathanzi chifukwa sazindikira momwe alili.

Kuchiza kwa anosognosia kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera chifukwa. Mankhwala ochiritsira ndi awa:

Thandizo la Antipsychotic

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti antipsychotic kuti athe kuchiza matenda monga schizophrenia kapena bipolar disorder. Zitsanzo zina za antipsychotic zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi izi:

• chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
• loxapine (Loxitane)
• clozapine (Clozaril)
• aripiprazole (Limbikitsani)

Maantipsychotic sagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi kwa munthu aliyense, chifukwa chake mankhwala anu adzapatsidwa kutengera zomwe muli nazo, thanzi lanu lonse, komanso kuyankha kwa mankhwalawo. Mwinanso mungafunike mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma antipsychotic m'moyo wanu wonse momwe luso lanu lakuzindikira limasinthira kapena thupi lanu limayankha mankhwala mosiyanasiyana pakapita nthawi.

Thandizo lolimbikitsira (MET)

MET imagwiritsa ntchito maluso kulimbikitsa wina kuti asinthe mawonekedwe awo kuti avomereze kuti ali ndi vuto kapena kuwalimbikitsa kuti alandire chithandizo cha matenda awo.

MET nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kuthandiza wina kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro zawo, machitidwe awo, ndi maubwenzi awo moyenera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kuzindikira kuti zowona zimaloza kukhalapo kwa vuto.

Kuthandizira wina yemwe ali ndi anosognosia

Nawa maupangiri angapo okuthandizani inu ndi okondedwa anu kuthana ndi anosognosia:

• Musaweruze. Kumbukirani kuti ichi ndi matenda, osati kuuma kapena zizolowezi zodziwononga.
• Khalani ochirikiza. Masiku ena atha kukhala abwino kuposa ena. Ngakhale wina atayiliratu kuzindikira momwe aliri, sakuchita dala. Amafuna thandizo lanu kuti awonetsetse kuti alandila chithandizo ndikukhala osagwirizana ndi nthawi yomwe mumalandira komanso mankhwala.
• Lembani zolemba. Kusunga tsatanetsatane wazomwe munthu wanena ndikuchita zitha kukuthandizani kuti mupange umboni wazomwe zachitika. Izi sizingangothandiza wina kuzindikira kuti ali ndi anosognosia komanso kupatsanso dokotala wanu maziko amalingaliro.

Maganizo ake

Kuwona kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudzana ndi anosognosia, monga schizophrenia, kumatha kukhala kothandiza kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo, koma sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse, ndipo palibe njira yothetsera vutoli.

Makhalidwe abwino monga njira ya MET imatha kukulitsa moyo wabwino kwambiri pothandiza anthu omwe ali ndi anosognosia kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro zawo molunjika. Izi zitha kubweretsa kusintha kwamalingaliro ndi machitidwe ndikuonetsetsa kuti akutsatira dongosolo lazithandizo pazomwe zakhala zikuchitika.