Anterior Hip Replacement: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kodi kusintha kwa m'chiuno kumbuyo ndi chiyani?
• Chifukwa chiyani mungafune kusintha m'chiuno?
• Kodi kusintha kwa mchiuno kumbuyo kumachitika bwanji?
• Kukonzekera
• Opaleshoni
• Kuchira
• Kodi maubwino ake osintha mchiuno kumbuyo kwake ndi ati?
• Zowopsa zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndi malingaliro otani kwa anthu omwe asintha m'chiuno kumbuyo kwawo?

Kodi kusintha kwa m'chiuno kumbuyo ndi chiyani?

Chombo chobwezeretsa m'kati mwake ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe mafupa owonongeka m'chiuno mwanu amalowetsedwa ndi chiuno chopangira (chiuno chonse cha arthroplasty). Mayina ena a njirayi ndi ocheperako kapena ochepetsa minofu m'chiuno.

Malinga ndi a, m'malo opangira mchiuno opitilira 320,000 adachitika ku United States mu 2010.

Mwachizolowezi, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amathandizira opareshoni ya mchiuno mwakuchita kudulira kumbuyo (kumbuyo kwa njira) kapena mbali (yoyandikira) m'chiuno mwanu. Kuyambira cha m'ma 1980, zakhala zofala kwambiri kwa ochita opaleshoni kuti azidula kutsogolo kwa chiuno chanu. Izi zimatchedwa njira yakunja kapena kusintha kwa m'chiuno.

Njira yakutsogolo yakhala yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa imakhala yocheperako poyerekeza ndi njira zam'mbuyo komanso zam'mbuyo. Kulowa mchiuno mwanu kuchokera kutsogolo kumawononga pang'ono minofu ndi ma tendon ozungulira, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchira msanga.

Komanso, nthawi zonse zimatha kuchitidwa ngati kuchipatala, kotero mutha kupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo mukachitidwa opaleshoni.

Chifukwa chiyani mungafune kusintha m'chiuno?

Cholinga cha opareshoni ya mchiuno ndikuthandizira magwiridwe antchito ndi mayendedwe osiyanasiyana ndikuchepetsa kupweteka m'chiuno chowonongeka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kufooka kwamalumikizidwe amchiuno zomwe zimatha kubweretsa kusintha m'chiuno ndi izi:

• osteoarthritis (kuvuta kokhudzana ndi zaka)
• nyamakazi
• kusweka
• matenda (osteomyelitis)
• chotupa
• kutaya magazi (avascular necrosis)
• kukula kosazolowereka (dysplasia)

Njira yakunja imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati nyamakazi ndiyo chifukwa cholozera m'malo mwake. Koma imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'malo mwa chiuno ndi mtundu uliwonse wowonongeka. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza mchiuno chomwe chidasinthidwa kale.

Komabe, madotolo atha kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yochitira opareshoni pazochitika zachilendo pomwe momwe mafupa amchiuno amapangitsira kukhala ovuta kwambiri, kapena zovuta zina zathanzi zimawonjezera chiwopsezo cha zovuta.

Kodi kusintha kwa mchiuno kumbuyo kumachitika bwanji?

Monga momwe mungachitire ndi njira iliyonse, muyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale ndikudziwa zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera mukamachitidwa opaleshoni mukamachira.

Kukonzekera

Ndikofunika kuti dokotala wanu akhale ndi chidziwitso cholongosoka kwambiri komanso chamakono chokhudza inu ndi thanzi lanu musanachite opareshoni kuti muthandizire zotsatira zabwino.

Zinthu zomwe adotolo angafune kudziwa za inu asanafike opareshoni ndi monga:

• maopaleshoni am'mbuyomu komanso dzanzi lomwe mwakhala nalo
• ziwengo zamankhwala, chakudya, ndi zinthu zina monga magolovesi a latex
• mankhwala onse ndi zowonjezerako zomwe mumamwa, zonse zomwe mumalandira komanso pa kauntala
• mavuto azachipatala apano komanso apakale
• zizindikiro za matenda aposachedwa kapena vuto lina
• mavuto omwe achibale onse apamtima adakumana nawo ndi anesthesia
• ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mutha kukhala ndi pakati (kwa azimayi azaka zobereka)

Mutha kulandira malangizo musanachite opareshoni, monga:

• Pewani kudya kapena kumwa maola 8 mpaka 12 musanachite opaleshoni.
• Pewani mankhwala ena, ngati alipo.
• Uzani wina kuti akuthamangitseni kwanu ndikukhala nanu pambuyo pochita opaleshoni yakunja.

Opaleshoni

Mudzalandira dzanzi kumayambiriro kwa ndondomekoyi. Izi zimakulepheretsani kumva zowawa zilizonse mukamagwira ntchito.

Ngati muli ndi njira zochiritsira odwala, mosakayikira mudzagwidwa ndi m'deralo. Mankhwala omwe amalimbitsa thupi lanu lakumunsi adzalowetsedwa m'malo ozungulira msana wanu. Mulandiranso sedation kuti akupangitseni kugona.

Njira ina ndiyo mankhwala oletsa ululu ambiri, omwe amakupangitsani kuti mukhale osazindikira kuti musamve chilichonse panthawi yochita opaleshoniyi.

Anesthesia itayamba kugwira ntchito, dokotalayo:

• kuyeretsa ndi kutsekemera malo ozungulira m'chiuno mwanu
• imaphimba malowa ndi zokopa zosabala
• imapanga chithunzithunzi patsogolo pa chiuno chanu
• amasuntha minofu ndi ziwalo zina panjira mpaka mafupa olumikizana anu awonekere
• amachotsa kumtunda kwa fupa la ntchafu ("mpira" wa m'chiuno mwanu) ndi fupa lililonse lomwe lawonongeka m'mafupa anu a m'chiuno ("socket" ya fupa lanu la m'chiuno)
• amamatira mpira wokumba ku fupa lanu la ntchafu ndi socket ku fupa lanu la m'chiuno
• onetsetsani kuti zonse zaikidwa bwino kuti miyendo yanu ikhale yofanana
• amatseka kudula

Kenako mudzasunthidwa kuchipinda chobwezeretsa, komwe ochititsa dzanzi amatha mu ola limodzi kapena awiri.

Kuchira

Mukakhazikika, wina akhoza kukutengerani kunyumba ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni yakunja. Mukapanda kutero mudzasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda kwanu.

Muyenera kulemera m'chiuno mwanu mutangopitidwa kumene ndipo mutha kuyenda pogwiritsa ntchito choyenda kapena ndodo tsiku lotsatira.

Mufunikira chithandizo chakuthupi kuti mupezenso mphamvu komanso kuyenda, komanso chithandizo chantchito kuti mugwire ntchito zatsiku ndi tsiku monga kuvala ndi kutsuka. Anthu ena amalandira chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala, ena amalandila chithandizo kunyumba, ndipo ena amapita kumalo osungira okalamba.

Zimatengera milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi musanakhale ndi mphamvu komanso mayendedwe osiyanasiyana kuti muzizungulira ndikuchita zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku ngati musanachite opareshoni.

Anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera kuntchito patatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, koma zimatha kutenga miyezi itatu musanabwerere kuntchito komwe kumafuna kuyimirira, kuyenda, kapena kukweza kwambiri.

Kodi maubwino ake osintha mchiuno kumbuyo kwake ndi ati?

Ubwino wosinthira mchiuno mwachulukidwe umachulukitsa kuyenda komanso kuchepa kwa ululu.

Mosiyana ndi njira zakutsogolo ndi zakumbuyo, minofu ndi minyewa sikuyenera kudulidwa pomwe njira yakunja imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chiuno. Izi zili ndi maubwino ambiri.

• kupweteka pang'ono
• kuchira msanga komanso kosavuta
• kutulutsa koyambirira kuchipatala
• kugwira ntchito kwambiri mukamasulidwa kuti mubwerere kunyumba
• Nthawi zambiri amatha kuchitika ngati wodwala wakunja
• zoletsa zochepa pantchito pambuyo pa opaleshoni
• chiopsezo chochepa chothamangira m'chiuno pambuyo pa opaleshoni
• chiopsezo chochepa chamiyendo yosiyanasiyana atachitidwa opaleshoni

Zowopsa zake ndi ziti?

Zowopsa zakubwezeretsa m'chiuno zakunja ndizofanana ndi njira zina zosinthira mchiuno.

• zovuta za anesthesia wamba, monga postoperative delirium komanso kusazindikira kwazomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri mukamachitidwa opaleshoni kapena mukamadula
• magazi m'magazi mwako (deep vein thrombosis) omwe amatha kusunthira m'mapapu anu (pulmonary embolism)
• m'chiuno olowa matenda (septic nyamakazi)
• m'chiuno mafupa (osteomyelitis)
• kuvulaza minofu ndi mitsempha yapafupi
• kusokonezeka kwa chiuno chanu
• kutalika kwakutali kwamiyendo
• cholumikizira lotayirira

Kodi ndi malingaliro otani kwa anthu omwe asintha m'chiuno kumbuyo kwawo?

M'kanthawi kochepa, kusintha kwa m'chiuno kumbuyo sikumapweteka kwambiri ndipo kumapangitsa kuti kuyenda kofulumira komanso mphamvu kuyimenso poyerekeza ndi njira yam'mbuyo kapena yotsalira. Zotsatira zanthawi yayitali ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zikufanana ndi njira zina.

Nthaŵi zina, mchiuno weniweni umasuluka kapena kutha pakatha zaka zingapo ndipo umayenera kusinthidwa. Komabe, kusintha kwa m'chiuno kumbuyo ndi njira yabwino komanso yothandiza. Kutheka kuti chiuno chanu chatsopano chidzagwira ntchito bwino ndikukhalitsa moyo wabwino kwazaka zambiri.