Kodi maantibayotiki amathandiza chimfine? Kuphatikiza Mankhwala Ena

Zamkati

• Momwe maantibayotiki amagwirira ntchito
• Za chimfine
• Ponena za kukana kwa maantibayotiki
• Kodi maantibayotiki amathandizanso mukakhala ndi chimfine?
• Mankhwala oletsa kuchiza chimfine
• Mankhwala ena a chimfine
• Pumulani
• Kutulutsa madzi
• Tengani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu
• Tengera kwina

Chidule

Fuluwenza ("chimfine") ndimatenda opatsirana opatsirana omwe amakhala ofala kwambiri m'miyezi yakugwa ndi yozizira pachaka.

Matendawa akhoza kukhala cholemetsa chachikulu panthawiyi, osangopangitsa masiku osowa ntchito komanso kusukulu, komanso kugona mchipatala.

Mwachitsanzo, mu nyengo ya chimfine cha 2016–2017, akuti akuti panali anthu opitilira 30 miliyoni a chimfine ku United States. Izi zidapangitsa kuti madokotala opitilira 14 miliyoni azichezera komanso kugona ku 600,000.

Ndiye mungatani kuti muthane ndi chimfine mukakhala nacho? Kodi dokotala wanu angakupatseni maantibayotiki kuti mumuthandize?

Maantibayotiki si njira yothandiza yochizira chimfine. Pemphani kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake.

Momwe maantibayotiki amagwirira ntchito

Maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a bakiteriya.

Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, ochita kafukufuku anayamba kuwona kuti mankhwala ena anali othandiza pochiza matenda. Kenako, mu 1928, Alexander Fleming adapeza kuti bowa adayitanitsa Penicillium notatum anali atawononga umodzi mwazikhalidwe zake zobiriwira za mabakiteriya. Mafangayi adasiya malo opanda bakiteriya mdera lomwe adakulira.

Kupeza kumeneku pamapeto pake kudzapangitsa kuti apange penicillin, mankhwala oyamba obadwa nawo omwe amapangidwa.

Masiku ano, pali mitundu yambiri ya maantibayotiki. Ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolimbana ndi mabakiteriya, kuphatikizapo:

• kuletsa mabakiteriya kuti asakule moyenera khoma lawo
• kuletsa kupanga mapuloteni mkati mwa khungu la bakiteriya
• kulepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka bakiteriya nucleic acid, monga DNA ndi RNA

Maantibayotiki amachiza matenda a bakiteriya, koma siothandiza polimbana ndi ma virus.

Za chimfine

Fuluwenza ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha fuluwenza.

Imafalikira makamaka kudzera m’madontho opuma amene amatulutsidwa mumlengalenga pamene munthu wodwala kachilombo amatsokomola kapena amayetsemula. Mukapumira madonthowa, mutha kutenga kachilomboka.

Kachilomboka kangathenso kufalikira ngati mungakumane ndi zinthu kapena malo owonongeka, monga zitseko zapakhomo ndi zigwirizane za mfuti. Mukakhudza pamalo owonongeka kenako ndikumakhudza nkhope, pakamwa, kapena mphuno, mutha kutenga kachilomboka.

Matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka chimfine amatha kukhala ofatsa mpaka owopsa ndipo amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

• malungo
• kuzizira
• chifuwa
• mphuno yothamanga kapena yodzaza
• chikhure
• kupweteka kwa thupi
• kutopa kapena kutopa
• mutu

Chifukwa chimfine ndi matenda a tizilombo, maantibayotiki sangathandize kuchiza.

M'mbuyomu, mwina mudapatsidwa mankhwala opha tizilombo mukadwala chimfine. Komabe, izi mwina chifukwa chakuti dokotala amakayikira kuti mungayambire matenda ena achiwiri a bakiteriya.

Ponena za kukana kwa maantibayotiki

Kukana kwa maantibayotiki ndipamene mabakiteriya amasintha ndikulimbana ndi maantibayotiki. Nthawi zina, mabakiteriya amatha kulimbana ndi maantibayotiki ambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti matenda ena azivuta kuchiza.

Kukana kumatha kuchitika pamene mabakiteriya amapezeka mobwerezabwereza ku maantibayotiki omwewo. Mabakiteriya amayamba kuzolowera ndikulimba kuti athe kulimbana ndi mankhwalawa ndikupulumuka. Matenda a bakiteriya osagwira maantibayotiki akayamba, amatha kuyamba kufalikira ndikupangitsa matenda ovuta kuchiza.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kumwa maantibayotiki osafunikira pamatenda atha kuvulaza koposa. Madokotala amayesetsa kungopatsani maantibayotiki ngati muli ndi matenda a bakiteriya omwe amafunikira chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa.

Kodi maantibayotiki amathandizanso mukakhala ndi chimfine?

Chimodzi mwazovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chimfine ndikupanga matenda ena achi bakiteriya, kuphatikiza:

• khutu matenda
• nkusani matenda
• chibayo cha bakiteriya

Ngakhale chibayo cha bakiteriya kapena sinus chimatha kukhala vuto lochepa, chibayo chimakhala choopsa kwambiri ndipo chitha kufuna kuchipatala.

Mukakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya monga vuto la chimfine, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo kuti athe kuchiza.

Mankhwala oletsa kuchiza chimfine

Ngakhale maantibayotiki sagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi chimfine, pali mankhwala oletsa ma virus omwe dokotala wanu angakupatseni munthawi inayake.

Ngati mankhwalawa ayambitsidwa m'masiku awiri atayamba kudwala chimfine, atha kuthandizira kuti zizindikilo zanu zizikhala zochepa kapena kuchepetsanso nthawi yomwe mukudwala.

Mavairasi omwe amapezeka kuchiza chimfine ndi awa:

• oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
• zanamivir (Relenza)
• zoopsa (Rapivab)

Palinso mankhwala atsopano otchedwa baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza). Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilomboka anapangidwa ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala yaku Japan, yomwe idavomerezedwa ndi Okutobala 2018, ndipo tsopano ikupezeka kuti ichiritse anthu azaka 12 kapena kupitilira apo omwe adakhala ndi zizindikiro za chimfine kwa maola opitilira 48.

Mankhwala ena opha mavailasi, kuphatikizapo oseltamivir, zanamivir, ndi peramivir, amagwira ntchito poletsa kachilomboka kutulutsidwa moyenera m'selo yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka. Kuletsa uku kumalepheretsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwa kumene kuti tiziyenda munjira yopumira kuti ipatsire maselo athanzi.

Mankhwala omwe angovomerezedwa kumene pamwambapa, Xofluza, amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuthekera kwa kachilomboka kubwereza. Koma sizofunikira kwenikweni kuti athane ndi chimfine, ndipo samapha kachilombo ka fuluwenza.

Si mankhwala ophera tizilombo ngati omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, koma katemera wa chimfine wa nyengo amapezeka chaka chilichonse ndipo ndi njira yabwino yopewera kudwala chimfine.

Mankhwala ena a chimfine

Kunja kwa kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo, njira yabwino yochizira chimfine ndikulola kuti matendawa azitha kuyenda bwino. Zinthu zotsatirazi zingakuthandizeni kuchira:

Pumulani

Onetsetsani kuti mukugona mokwanira. Izi zidzathandiza thupi lanu kuthana ndi matendawa.

Kutulutsa madzi

Imwani zakumwa zambiri, monga madzi, msuzi wofunda, ndi timadziti. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi.

Tengani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu

Mankhwala, monga ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) kapena acetaminophen (Tylenol), amatha kuthandiza malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, ndi zowawa zomwe zimachitika mukakhala ndi chimfine.

Tengera kwina

M'nyengo yozizira iliyonse, kutenga kachilombo ka fuluwenza kumayambitsa mamiliyoni ambiri a chimfine. Chifukwa chimfine ndi matenda a tizilombo, maantibayotiki si njira zothandiza zochiritsira.

Mukayamba m'masiku angapo oyamba atadwala, mankhwala ochepetsa ma virus amatha kukhala othandiza. Amatha kuchepetsa zizindikilo ndikuchepetsa nthawi yakudwala. Katemera wa chimfine wanyengo ndi njira yothandiza yopewera kudwala chimfine poyamba.

Mukakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya monga vuto la chimfine, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala oyenera kuti amuchiritse.