Gulu la Antinuclear Antibody Panel (Mayeso a ANA)

Zamkati

• Kodi gulu la anti-nyukiliya limafunikira liti?
• Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera mayeso?
• Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani pagulu la ANA?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse poyesedwa?
• Kutanthauzira zotsatira

Kodi gulu la antinuclear antibody ndi chiyani?

Ma antibodies ndi mapuloteni opangidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi chanu. Amathandiza thupi lanu kuzindikira ndikulimbana ndi matenda. Ma antibodies nthawi zambiri amalimbana ndi zinthu zowopsa, monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, poyambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti muchotse.

Nthawi zina ma antibodies amalakwitsa molakwika maselo ndi minofu yanu yathanzi. Izi zimadziwika ngati yankho lokhalokha. Ma antibodies omwe amalimbana ndi mapuloteni athanzi mkati mwa nyukiliya - malo oyang'anira maselo anu - amatchedwa ma antiinuclear antibodies (ANA).

Thupi likalandira zikwangwani kuti liziwononga, limatha kuyambitsa matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza okha monga lupus, scleroderma, matenda osakanikirana, matenda a chiwindi, ndi ena. Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana ndimatenda, koma amatha kuphatikizira zotupa, kutupa, nyamakazi, kapena kutopa.

Ngakhale zili zachilendo kukhala ndi ANA, kukhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri ndi chizindikiro cha matenda omwe amadzichititsa okha. Gulu la ANA limathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ANA m'magazi anu. Mutha kukhala ndi vuto lodziyimira palokha ngati mulingo uli wokwera. Komabe, mikhalidwe monga matenda, khansa, ndi mavuto ena azachipatala amathanso kubweretsa mayeso abwino a ANA.

Kodi gulu la anti-nyukiliya limafunikira liti?

Dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa gulu la ANA ngati muli ndi zizindikilo za matenda omwe amadzichitira okha. Mayeso a ANA atha kuwonetsa kuti muli ndi vuto linalake lokhalokha, koma silingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira vuto linalake. Ngati mayeso anu abweranso ndi zotsatira zabwino, dokotala wanu adzafunika kuyesa mwatsatanetsatane kuti adziwe ngati matenda omwe amadzichiritsira okha akuyambitsa matenda anu.

Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera mayeso?

Palibe kukonzekera kofunikira pagulu la ANA.Komabe, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse kapena zowonjezera zomwe mumamwa, ngakhale zotsatsa. Mankhwala ena, monga kugwidwa ndi mankhwala amtima, angakhudze kulondola kwa mayeso.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani pagulu la ANA?

Gulu la ANA ndilofanana ndi mayeso ena amwazi. Phlebotomist (katswiri yemwe amayesa magazi) amamanga lamba wokutira m'manja mwanu kuti mitsempha yanu ituluke ndi magazi. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuti apeze mtsempha.

Akatsuka malowa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, amalowetsa singano mumtsempha. Mutha kumva kupweteka pang'ono singano ikamalowa, koma kuyesa komweko sikumapweteka.

Kenako magazi amatengedwa mu chubu cholumikizidwa ndi singano. Magazi akangotoleredwa, phlebotomist amachotsa singano mumitsempha yanu ndikuphimba malo obowolera.

Kwa makanda kapena ana, lancet (scalpel yaying'ono) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuboola khungu, ndipo magazi amatha kusonkhanitsidwa mu chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa pipette. Zitha kupezekanso pamzere woyeserera.

Magaziwo amatumizidwa ku labu kuti akawunike.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse poyesedwa?

Zowopsa zopanga gulu la ANA ndizochepa. Anthu omwe ali ndi mitsempha yovuta kupeza akhoza kukhala osasangalala kwambiri kuposa ena panthawi yoyezetsa magazi. Zowopsa zina zingaphatikizepo:

• kutaya magazi kwambiri
• matenda pamalo opumira
• kukomoka
• hematoma (kumanga magazi pansi pa khungu)

Kutanthauzira zotsatira

Kuyesedwa koyipa kumatanthauza kuti matenda ena amthupi okha sangathe kupezeka. Komabe, mayesero ena angafunikirebe kutengera zizindikiro zanu. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amadzichiritsira okha atha kupeza zotsatira zoyipa za ANA koma zabwino kwa ma antibodies ena.

Kuyesedwa koyenera kwa ANA kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi ANA m'magazi anu ambiri. Kuyesedwa koyenera kwa ANA nthawi zambiri kumanenedwa ngati chiŵerengero (chotchedwa titer) ndi kapangidwe kake, kosalala kapena chamangamanga. Matenda ena amakhala ndi mitundu ina.

Kukwezeleza kumene kumatchulidwako, zotsatira zake zimakhala zotsatira zowona "zabwino", kutanthauza kuti muli ndi ma ANA ofunikira komanso matenda amthupi.

Mwachitsanzo, pa chiŵerengero cha 1:40 kapena 1:80, kuthekera kwa matenda amadzimadzi amadziona kuti ndi otsika. Chiwerengero cha 1: 640 kapena kupitilira apo chikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa matenda amthupi okhaokha, koma zotsatira ziyenera kuwunikiridwa ndi adotolo ndi mayeso ena omwe adachitika kuti athe kumaliza.

Komabe, zotsatira zabwino sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha. Mpaka 15% ya anthu athanzi labwino amayeza mayeso a ANA. Izi zimatchedwa zotsatira zoyesa zabodza. Maudindo a ANA amathanso kukulira ndi ukalamba pakati pa anthu athanzi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mulankhule ndi adotolo za zomwe mukudziwa komanso zomwe zotsatira zanu zikutanthauza kwa inu.

Ngati dokotala wanu wamkulu adalamula kuti ayesedwe, atha kulangiza kuti atumizidwe kwa rheumatologist - katswiri wazodzitchinjiriza - kuti awunikenso zotsatira zachilendo za ANA. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuthandizira kudziwa ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu zikugwirizana ndi vuto linalake.

Kuyesedwa koyenera kwa ANA kokha sikungapeze matenda enaake. Komabe, zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mayeso abwino a ANA ndi awa:

• systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus): matenda omwe amatha kukhudza ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lanu, kuphatikizapo mtima, impso, mafupa, ndi khungu
• autoimmune hepatitis: vuto lokhazikika lomwe limayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi, komanso zotupa, kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe, kutopa, kusowa chakudya, komanso nseru
• nyamakazi ya nyamakazi: matenda omwe amawononga ziwalo, kupweteka, kutupa, ndi kuuma m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, mtima, maso, ndi ziwalo zina
• Matenda a Sjögren: Matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa malovu ndi misozi
• scleroderma: Matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza khungu ndi ziwalo zina zolumikizirana koma amathanso kukhudza ziwalo
• Matenda amtundu wa chithokomiro: zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza chithokomiro chanu, kuphatikizapo hypothyroidism ndi hyperthyroidism
• polymyositis kapena dermatomyositis: zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka, kufooka, ndi kutupa kwa minofu, ndipo zimatha kuphatikizira

Ma Labs amatha kusiyanasiyana pamiyezo yawo kuti ayesedwe bwino. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zomwe magulu anu amatanthauza komanso momwe zizindikiro zanu zingafotokozedwere ndi kupezeka kwa ANA. Ngati mayeso anu a ANA abwereranso, dokotala wanu adzafunika kuyesa kwambiri kuti athandizire kudziwa ngati zotsatira zake zikugwirizana ndi vuto linalake.

Mayeso a ANA ndi othandiza kwambiri pakuzindikira lupus. Oposa 95 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi lupus adzalandira zotsatira zabwino za mayeso a ANA. Komabe, sikuti aliyense amene adzapeze zotsatira zabwino omwe ali ndi lupus, ndipo sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi lupus adzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zoyesedwa. Chifukwa chake mayeso a ANA sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yokhayo yodziwira.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mayeso ena omwe angachitike kuti muwone ngati pali chifukwa chomwe chikuwonjezera ANA m'magazi anu.