Kodi Steroid Ndi Yoipa Kwa Inu? Ntchito, Zotsatira zoyipa, ndi Zowopsa

Zamkati

• Kodi steroids ndi chiyani?
• Ntchito zazikulu ndi zopindulitsa
• Ochita masewerawa akuyang'ana kuti athandizire kuthamanga ndi kutulutsa mphamvu
• Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi akuyang'ana kuwonjezera minofu ndi nyonga
• Omwe ali ndi matenda owononga minofu
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Zotsatira zoyipa kwa amayi
• Zitha kukhala zowopsa
• Ntchito yamagazi pafupipafupi ndiyofunika
• Kuopsa kwa matenda
• Zosavomerezeka m'malo ambiri
• Mutha kukhala osokoneza bongo
• Kodi pali mlingo woyenera?
• Mitundu ina ya steroids
• Mfundo yofunika

Kuchulukitsa mphamvu yamphamvu ndi mphamvu yopitilira malire achilengedwe, anthu ena amatembenukira kuzinthu monga anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS).

Anabolic amatanthauza kukulitsa kukula, pomwe androgenic imatanthawuza kukula kwa mikhalidwe ya abambo.

Ngakhale kuti ma steroid 'omanga minofu amatha kulembedwa bwino, amabwera ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe zingachitike.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza anabolic-androgenic steroids, kuphatikiza momwe amagwiritsira ntchito, zoyipa zake, zoopsa zake, komanso zovomerezeka.

Kodi steroids ndi chiyani?

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) ndi mawonekedwe a testosterone, omwe ndi mahomoni oyambira amuna ().

Zimakhudza ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lanu, monga minofu yanu, tsitsi lanu, mafupa, chiwindi, impso, komanso njira zoberekera komanso zamanjenje.

Anthu mwachilengedwe amapanga hormone iyi.

Mwa amuna, milingo yake imakula panthawi yakutha msinkhu yopititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha mikhalidwe yogonana amuna, monga kukula kwa tsitsi la thupi, liwu lakuya, kuyendetsa kugonana, ndikukula msinkhu ndi minofu.

Ngakhale mwachizolowezi amalingaliridwa ngati mahomoni achimuna, azimayi amapanganso testosterone koma zochepa kwambiri. Imagwira ntchito zingapo kwa azimayi, makamaka kulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa mafupa komanso libido yathanzi ().

Magulu abwinobwino a testosterone amachokera ku 300-1,000 ng / dL kwa amuna ndi 15-70 ng / dL azimayi. Kutenga ma steroids kumakweza mahomoni ambiri, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa minofu ndi mphamvu (, 4).

Steroids ndimtundu wa testosterone, mahomoni ogonana omwe mwachilengedwe amapangidwa ndi amuna ndi akazi chimodzimodzi. Kutenga ma steroids kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa testosterone, kuchititsa zovuta monga kuchuluka kwa minofu ndi nyonga.

Ntchito zazikulu ndi zopindulitsa

Mukamaganiza za steroids, chinthu choyamba chomwe chingabwere m'maganizo ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pomanga thupi kuti alimbikitse kupindula kwa minofu. Ngakhale izi ndizofala, AAS imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina zingapo.

Ubwino waukulu womwe ungakhale nawo chifukwa cha anabolic steroids ndi awa ():

• kumawonjezera minofu minofu chifukwa kumatheka mapuloteni synthesis
• amachepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta amthupi
• kuwonjezera mphamvu yamphamvu ndi nyonga
• Kupititsa patsogolo kuchira pantchito ndi kuvulala
• kuchuluka kwa mchere wamafupa
• kupirira bwino kwa minofu
• kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi

Izi zitha kupindulitsa magulu osiyanasiyana aanthu.

Ochita masewerawa akuyang'ana kuti athandizire kuthamanga ndi kutulutsa mphamvu

Padziko la zamasewera, othamanga nthawi zonse amayang'ana njira zopitilira mpikisano.

Ngakhale mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi komanso zolimbitsa thupi, komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zimathandiza kwambiri pankhaniyi, othamanga ena amapitanso patsogolo mwa kumwa mankhwala opititsa patsogolo ntchito (PEDs).

AAS ndi amodzi mwa ma PED akuluakulu omwe akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito. Awonetsedwa kuti amachulukitsa minofu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti liwiro liwonjezeke komanso kutulutsa mphamvu ().

Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito AAS amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zopitilira 5-20% komanso phindu lolemera mapaundi a 4.5-111 (2-5 kg), omwe atha kukhala chifukwa chakukula kwa thupi lowonda ().

M'masewera ampikisano, ma dosing a steroid amakhala osamala kwambiri kuti asazindikiridwe. Minofu ya minofu sichinthu chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri pano, chifukwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochira komanso kuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi (,).

Ngakhale mabungwe ambiri azamasewera amaletsa AAS, othamanga ena amawona kuti chiwopsezo chogwidwa ndichabwino.

Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi akuyang'ana kuwonjezera minofu ndi nyonga

Pankhani zamasewera olimba, kuphatikiza zolimbitsa thupi, kulimbitsa thupi, komanso kulemera kwa Olimpiki, anabolic steroids amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukulitsa minofu, mphamvu, ndi mphamvu zotulutsa ().

M'masewerowa, mphamvu yamphamvu, kukula, ndi mphamvu zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi magwiridwe antchito onse.

Ngakhale cholinga cholimbitsa thupi ndikulimbitsa thupi m'gulu linalake, mphamvu ndi kukula kwa minofu ndizogwirizana kwambiri, ngakhale zinthu zina zimaseweredwa ().

Kuika kwa AAS mu masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakhala kopatsa ufulu, popeza mabungwe ambiri samayesa izi ndi zinthu zina. Ngakhale zotsatira zowoneka bwino zitha kuwonedwa pamiyeso yayikulu, chiwopsezo cha zotsatirapo chimakulanso.

Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri m'gululi amagwiritsanso ntchito njira yotchedwa "stacking," yomwe ndi mawu osavuta osakaniza mitundu ingapo ya AAS. Ochita masewera ena amaphatikizanso mahomoni ena opangira, monga kukula kwa mahomoni ndi insulin.

Omwe ali ndi matenda owononga minofu

Zinthu zingapo zimatha kubweretsa kutayika kwa minofu, kuphatikiza Edzi, matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD), khansa, impso ndi chiwindi. Ngakhale sizofala, AAS itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthuwa kuthandiza kuteteza minofu (,).

Kutayika kwa minofu kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kufa m'matendawa ndikutchingira izi kumatha kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira zochiritsira ndikutalikitsa moyo (,,,).

Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito kwa AAS si njira yokhayo yosungira minofu, itha kupindulitsa anthuwa. Komabe, zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo zoyipa ziyenera kuganiziridwanso.

Zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito ma steroids zimaphatikizapo kukonza magwiridwe antchito pamasewera othamanga, kuwonjezera minofu mwamphamvu othamanga, ndikusunga minofu mwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda owononga minofu.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Ngakhale atha kukhala ndi phindu, AAS ili ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe zingachitike, omwe kukula kwake kumasiyana kutengera momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito zinthuzi.

Chibadwa cha munthu chimakhudzanso momwe mumayankhira ku AAS ().

Chiŵerengero cha anabolic-to-androgenic chimasiyanasiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya AAS, yomwe ingakhudzenso zovuta zina. Anabolic amatanthauza kukula kwa minofu, pomwe androgenic imatanthawuza kukwezedwa kwa zikhalidwe zogonana amuna ().

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ntchito ya AAS ndi izi:

• Kuchulukitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima. AAS yogwiritsidwa ntchito mophatikizana ndi zolimbana ndi zolimbitsa thupi imatha kukulitsa kukula kwa mpweya wamanzere wamtima wanu, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda amtima komanso kufa kumene ().
• Ikhoza kukulitsa machitidwe andewu. Kugwiritsa ntchito Steroid kumalumikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwankhanza komanso kukakamizidwa kwa anyamata achichepere ndi akulu ().
• Zingakhudze mawonekedwe amthupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kudalira kwa AAS kumadziwika kuti ndi vuto lazithunzi za thupi m'buku lazidziwitso lazovuta zamisala ().
• Zingayambitse chiwindi. AAS, makamaka omwe amatengedwa pakamwa, awonetsedwa kuti amachulukitsa chiwopsezo cha chiwindi (20).
• Zitha kuyambitsa gynecomastia. Kutanthauzidwa ngati kutupa kwa minyewa yamphongo yamphongo yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni, gynecomastia imatha kuchitika mukasiya kumwa AAS ().
• Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa testosterone. Kugwiritsa ntchito Steroid kumalumikizidwa ndi hypogonadism, yomwe imadziwika ndikuchepa ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito kwa ma testes ().
• Zingayambitse kusabereka. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa umuna, kugwiritsa ntchito steroid kumatha kubweretsa kusabereka ().
• Zitha kuyambitsa dazi la amuna. Zotsatira za androgenic za AAS zitha kuyambitsa kapena kukulitsa dazi la amuna. Izi zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ().

Zotsatira zoyipa kwa amayi

Ngakhale zovuta zomwe zatchulidwazi zitha kuchitika mwa abambo ndi amai momwemonso, amayi ayenera kudziwa zina zowonjezera, kuphatikiza (,):

• mawu akuya
• kusintha kwa nkhope ndi kukula kwa tsitsi
• khungu lokulitsa
• kusamba kosasamba nthawi zonse
• kuchepa kukula kwa mawere
• osabereka

Kugwiritsa ntchito Steroid kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zingapo, monga chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amtima ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi. Zowonjezera zoyipa zimawoneka mwa azimayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito AAS.

Zitha kukhala zowopsa

Kugwiritsa ntchito AAS kumabwera ndi zoopsa zingapo, kuwapangitsa kukhala owopsa kwa anthu ambiri. Ngakhale njira zina zitha kuchepetsa mavuto enawa, sizingapewe mokwanira.

Ntchito yamagazi pafupipafupi ndiyofunika

Kugwiritsa ntchito AAS kumatha kukhudza ma labata angapo, ndikupangitsa kuti magazi azigwira ntchito pafupipafupi kuti athetse zovuta zazikulu. Kugwiritsa ntchito Steroid kumatha kukhudza zotsatirazi za labu (,):

• Ikhoza kuwonjezera hemoglobin ndi hematocrit. Zizindikiro zamagazizi zimathandiza kwambiri popereka mpweya m'thupi lanu lonse. Kuchuluka kwa milingo kumatha kuthira magazi anu ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda amtima komanso kupwetekedwa mtima.
• Ikhoza kuchepetsa cholesterol ya HDL (yabwino) ndikukweza cholesterol cha LDL (choyipa). Cholesterol ya HDL ndi LDL iyenera kukhala m'magawo athanzi. Kutsika kwa HDL komanso kuchuluka kwa LDL kumatha kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima.
• Ikhoza kuwonjezera zolembera za chiwindi. Kugwiritsa ntchito AAS kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa aspartate transaminase (AST) ndi alanine transaminase (ALT), zizindikiro ziwiri za chiwindi. Miyezo yokwera ingasonyeze kusokonekera kwa chiwindi.

Muyenera kufunsa omwe amakupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala musanayambe mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amasintha mahomoni amthupi lanu.

Kuopsa kwa matenda

Mukatenga AAS, chiopsezo chotenga matenda chimakhala chokwanira kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma steroids ambiri amapangidwa m'malabu oletsedwa omwe samatsata njira zofananira ndi malo ogulitsa.

Kwa ma steroids omwe ayenera kubayidwa, pamakhala chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kuipitsidwa ndi matenda.

Mukamapeza AAS pamsika wakuda, pamakhala mwayi wazinthu zabodza kapena zabodza, zomwe zikuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda.

Zosavomerezeka m'malo ambiri

Zovomerezeka mwalamulo la AAS zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi dziko komanso dera, ngakhale amadziwika kuti ndizosaloledwa m'malo ambiri ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Anabolic steroids amadziwika kuti ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku United States. Kukhala ndi ndalama zosavomerezeka kumatha kukhala ndi chilango chokwanira chaka chimodzi m'ndende komanso chindapusa cha $ 1,000 pacholakwa choyamba (29).

Njira yokhayo yopezera ndikugwiritsa ntchito AAS movomerezeka ndikuti awalembere ndi akatswiri azachipatala pazinthu zina, monga testosterone yotsika kapena matenda owononga minofu.

Anthu omwe amasankha kuzigwiritsa ntchito mosaloledwa amadziika pachiwopsezo chazotsatira zamalamulo.

Mutha kukhala osokoneza bongo

Ngakhale AAS satchulidwa kuti ndi osokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kusuta kwamisala komwe kumatha kubweretsa kudalira ().

Zotsatira zoyipa zamaganizidwe ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi AAS ndi minofu ya dysmorphia, momwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatanganidwa ndikukhala ndi thupi lolimba ().

Kugwiritsa ntchito Steroid ndi kowopsa pazifukwa zingapo, kuphatikiza chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda, kusaloledwa kwawo m'malo ambiri, komanso kuthekera kosokoneza bongo. Ntchito yamagazi pafupipafupi ndiyofunikira kuwunika zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Kodi pali mlingo woyenera?

Ngakhale kuchepa, kuwerengetsa bwino kwa AAS kumatha kukhala kotetezeka kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kosalamulirika komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakuzunzidwa, palibe kafukufuku yemwe afanizira chitetezo cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya steroid.

Testosterone yopanga imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi testosterone yotsika, yomwe imadziwika kuti testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).

TRT nthawi zambiri imakhala yotetezeka kwa amuna omwe ali ndi milingo yotsika ya testosterone akamayendetsedwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala. Zambiri zodziwitsa chitetezo cha TRT kwa amayi ndizosakwanira ().

Mlingo wapamwamba womwe umakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera ampikisano komanso masewera olimba amalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha zotsatirapo ndipo sangawonedwe kukhala otetezeka ().

Mosasamala kanthu za mlingo, kutenga AAS nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chofanana.

Anthu amayankha mosiyanasiyana ku AAS chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kudziwa momwe thupi lanu lidzachitire.

Ngakhale mankhwala ochepetsa, ochepetsedwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi testosterone m'malo mwake amavomerezedwa ngati otetezeka kwa amuna omwe ali ndi testosterone yotsika, kumwa ma steroid mulimonse momwe zingayambitsire thanzi. Zotsatira zoyipa zowoneka bwino zimawoneka ndi mlingo waukulu.

Mitundu ina ya steroids

Ngakhale kuti AAS ndi mtundu wa steroid wofala kwambiri, pali mitundu ina yotchedwa glucocorticoids kapena corticosteroids. Awa ndi mahomoni obadwa mwachilengedwe omwe amapangidwa m'matope a adrenal omwe ali pamwamba pa impso zanu ().

Amakhala ngati mayankho mu chitetezo chanu cha mthupi, chomwe chimayang'anira kutupa. Mitundu yama synthetic imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha chitetezo chamthupi, kuphatikiza:

• chifuwa
• mphumu
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• sepsis

Ngakhale amagwira ntchito bwino kuwongolera matenda ena, amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zingapo, monga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso kunenepa. Pachifukwa ichi, amangosungidwa ndi zotupa zochepa zokha ().

Corticosteroids ndi mtundu wina wa steroid wopangidwa mwachilengedwe mthupi lanu kuti athandizire kuwongolera chitetezo chamthupi. Mitundu yopangira imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kutupa m'matenda ambiri omwe amadzichotsera okha.

Mfundo yofunika

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) ndi mawonekedwe a testosterone omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera minofu ndi mphamvu.

Ngakhale zoopsa zawo zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi kuchuluka komwe atenga, zitha kukhala zowopsa ndipo zimayambitsa zotsatirapo pamlingo uliwonse. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosaloledwa m'malo ambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito AAS ndi chisankho chachikulu, ndipo zoopsa zake zimaposa zabwino zilizonse.