Kodi Autosomal DNA Ndi Chiyani Chanu Chingakuuzeni?

Zamkati

• Autosomal yolimbana ndi autosomal yochulukirapo
• Autosomal wamkulu
• Cholowa
• Autosomal yochulukirapo
• Cholowa
• Zitsanzo za zochitika wamba
• Autosomal wamkulu
• Autosomal yochulukirapo
• Kuyezetsa kwa Autosomal DNA
• Mtengo woyeserera
• Kutenga

Pafupifupi aliyense - kupatula kosowa - amabadwa ndi ma 23 ma chromosomes omwe amaperekedwa kuchokera kwa makolo kudzera pakuphatikiza ma chromosomes awo 46.

X ndi Y, ma chromosomes awiri odziwika bwino kwambiri, ndi gawo la ma chromosomes awiri. Amatchedwanso ma chromosomes ogonana chifukwa amadziwika kuti ndi chiani chomwe umabadwa nacho. (Komabe, izi ndizosavuta momwe zimawonekera.)

Magulu ena onse 22 aja amatchedwa ma autosomes. Amadziwikanso kuti ma chromosomes autosomal. Ma Autosomes ndi ma chromosomes ogonana amakhala ndi mitundu pafupifupi 20,000.

Majini amenewa alidi 99.9% ofanana mwa munthu aliyense. Koma kusiyanasiyana kwakung'ono m'matenda amtunduwu kumatsimikizira kutsala konse kwa chibadwa chanu komanso ngati mumalandira zikhalidwe zina.

Autosomal yolimbana ndi autosomal yochulukirapo

M'magalimoto 22 awa muli magulu awiri amtundu womwe umadutsa pamikhalidwe ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa makolo anu. Maguluwa amatchedwa autosomal otchuka komanso autosomal recessive. Apa pali kuwonongeka msanga kwa kusiyana.

Autosomal wamkulu

Ndi gululi, mumangofunika chimodzi mwazinthu izi kuti chimupatseni kuchokera kwa kholo lililonse kuti mulandire khalidweli. Izi ndizowona ngakhale jini ina yamagalimoto omwewo ndimkhalidwe wosiyana kapena kusintha.

Cholowa

Tiyerekeze kuti bambo anu ali ndi kope limodzi lokha la jini yosinthidwa ya vuto lalikulu la autosomal. Amayi anu satero. Pali zotheka ziwiri zakulandila pantchitoyi, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mwayi wa 50 peresenti yochitika:

• Mumalandira cholowa cha bambo anu komanso chimodzi mwa majini omwe amayi anu samakhudzidwa. Inu muli ndi chikhalidwecho.
• Mumalandira jini losavomerezeka kuchokera kwa abambo anu komanso chimodzi mwazinthu zosagwirizana ndi amayi anu. Mulibe vutoli, ndipo simunyamula.

Mwanjira ina, mumangofunikira m'modzi wa makolo anu kuti akupatseni vuto lalikulu lokhala ndi ma autosomal. M'nkhani yomwe ili pamwambapa, muli ndi mwayi wa 50% wolandila vutoli. Koma ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi majini awiri okhudzidwa, pali mwayi woti mutha kubadwa nawo.

Komabe, mutha kukhalanso ndi vuto lalikulu la autosomal popanda kholo lomwe lili ndi jini lomwe lakhudzidwa. Izi zimachitika pakusintha kwatsopano.

Autosomal yochulukirapo

Kuti mukhale ndi majeremusi ochulukirapo, mumafunikira mtundu umodzi wamtundu womwewo kuchokera kwa kholo lililonse kuti khalidweli lifotokozedwe m'mibadwo yanu.

Ngati kholo limodzi lokha limadutsa jini kuti likhale lokhazikika, monga tsitsi lofiira, kapena chikhalidwe, monga cystic fibrosis, mumawoneka ngati wonyamula.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mulibe mkhalidwe kapena chikhalidwe, koma mutha kukhala ndi jini la mkhalidwewo ndipo mutha kuwupatsira ana anu.

Cholowa

Pankhani yovuta kwambiri ya autosomal, muyenera kulandira cholowa chokhudzidwa ndi kholo lililonse kuti mukhale ndi vutoli. Palibe chitsimikizo chomwe chidzachitike.

Tinene kuti makolo anu onse ali ndi mtundu umodzi wamtundu womwe umayambitsa cystic fibrosis. Pali zotheka zinayi zakulandila, iliyonse ili ndi mwayi wopezeka 25%:

• Mumalandira chibadwa chobwera kuchokera kwa abambo anu komanso chibadwa chosakhudzidwa ndi amayi anu. Ndinu wonyamula, koma mulibe vutolo.
• Mumalandira majini okhudzidwa ndi amayi anu komanso jini losakhudzidwa ndi abambo anu. Ndinu wonyamula koma mulibe chikhalidwe.
• Mumalandira chibadwa chosakhudzidwa ndi makolo onse awiri. Mulibe vutoli, ndipo simunyamula.
• Mumalandira jini lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi makolo onse awiri. Inu muli ndi chikhalidwecho.

Pankhaniyi pomwe kholo lililonse lili ndi jini limodzi lomwe lakhudzidwa, mwana wawo ali ndi mwayi wokhala 50% wonyamula, 25% mwayi woti asakhale ndi vutoli kapena wonyamula, komanso 25% mwayi wokhala ndi vutoli.

Zitsanzo za zochitika wamba

Nazi zitsanzo za zomwe zimachitika mgulu lililonse.

Autosomal wamkulu

• Matenda a Huntington
• Matenda a Marfan
• khungu khungu lachikasu
• matenda a impso a polycystic

Autosomal yochulukirapo

• cystic fibrosis
• kuchepa kwa magazi pachikwere
• Matenda a Tay-Sachs (pafupifupi 1 pa 30 Ashkenazi achiyuda amanyamula jini)
• kutuloji
• Matenda a Gaucher

Kuyezetsa kwa Autosomal DNA

Kuyezetsa kwa Autosomal DNA kumachitika popereka zitsanzo za DNA yanu - kuchokera ku tsaya, kulavulira, kapena magazi - kupita kumalo opangira DNA. Kenako malowa amasanthula momwe DNA yanu ikuyendera ndikugwirizanitsa DNA yanu ndi ena omwe apereka DNA yawo kuti ayesedwe.

Dongosolo lalikulu loyeserera la DNA, zotsatira zake zimakhala zolondola kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti malowa ali ndi dziwe lalikulu la DNA poyerekeza.

Mayeso a Autosomal DNA atha kukuwuzani zambiri za makolo anu komanso mwayi wanu wopeza zinthu zina molondola kwambiri. Izi zimachitika pakupeza kusiyanasiyana kwamatenda anu ndikuwayika m'magulu ndi mitundu ina ya DNA yomwe imasiyana chimodzimodzi.

Iwo omwe amagawana makolo omwewo adzakhala ndi mayendedwe ofanana a autosomal gene. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mayesedwe awa a DNA atha kuthandiza kutsata DNA yanu ndi DNA ya iwo omwe ali pafupi kwambiri nanu kubwerera komwe majini amenewo adachokera, nthawi zina mibadwo ingapo.

Umu ndi momwe kuyeserera kwa DNA kukufunira kuti DNA yanu ichokere komanso kumadera akutali. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina a autosomal DNA ochokera kumakampani monga 23andMe, AncestryDNA, ndi MyHeritage DNA.

Mayeserowa amathanso kukuwuzani molondola pafupifupi 100% ngati ndinu wonyamula cholowa chobadwa nacho kapena muli ndi vutoli nokha.

Poyang'ana mikhalidwe mkati mwa majini pa chromosomes yanu iliyonse yama autosomal, mayesowa amatha kuzindikira zosintha, mwina zazikulu kapena zochulukirapo, zogwirizana ndi izi.

Zotsatira za mayeso a autosomal DNA atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pakafukufuku. Pokhala ndi nkhokwe zazikulu za DNA yodziyimira payokha, ofufuza amatha kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa majini ndi majini.

Izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo chazovuta zamtunduwu komanso zitha kuchititsa ochita kafukufuku kuti apeze mankhwala.

Mtengo woyeserera

Mtengo woyeserera wa Autosomal DNA umasiyanasiyana:

• 23Ndipo Ine. Kuyesa kwamtundu wa makolo kumawononga $ 99.
• AnzakeDNA. Kuyesedwa kofananako kuchokera ku kampani yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa tsamba latsamba la Ancestry.com kumawononga pafupifupi $ 99. Koma kuyesaku kumaphatikizaponso chidziwitso chazakudya chomwe chingakuuzeni zakudya zomwe zingagwiritsidwe bwino mwanjira yanu ya DNA komanso zomwe mungafune kapena zomwe zingayambitse mayankho otupa mthupi lanu.
• Bakuman. Kuyesa kofananaku kwa 23andMe kumawononga $ 79.

Kutenga

Ma Autosomes amakhala ndi zambiri zamtundu wanu ndipo amatha kukuwuzani zambiri za makolo anu, thanzi lanu, komanso omwe muli pachibadwa.

Pamene anthu ambiri amatenga mayeso a autosomal DNA ndipo ukadaulo woyesera umakhala wolondola, zotsatira za mayeserowa zikuyenda molondola. Akuwunikiranso kwambiri za komwe majini a anthu amachokera.

Mutha kuganiza kuti banja lanu ndi la cholowa china, koma zotsatira za autosomal DNA zingakupatseni chizindikiritso chambiri. Izi zitha kutsimikizira nkhani za banja lanu kapena ngakhale kutsutsa zikhulupiriro zanu zakubadwa kwanu.

Mukafika pachimake, nkhokwe yayikulu ya DNA yaumunthu imatha kudziwa komwe anthu oyamba adachokera komanso kupitirira.

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Autosomal kungaperekenso DNA yofunikira kuti ifufuze momwe mitundu yambiri ya majini, yomwe yambiri imasokoneza miyoyo ya anthu, pamapeto pake imatha kuchiritsidwa kapena kuchiritsidwa.