Basil: Chakudya chopatsa thanzi, Mapindu azaumoyo, Ntchito ndi Zambiri

Zamkati

• Mitundu Yodziwika Kwambiri
• Zakudya Zam'madzi ndi Zomera
• Mapindu azaumoyo
• Zopindulitsa za Basil Wokoma
• Zopindulitsa za Basil Woyera
• Kugula, Kukula ndi Kusunga
• Ntchito Zophikira
• Chitetezo ndi Zotsatira zoyipa
• Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

Basil ndi zitsamba zobiriwira zobiriwira zomwe zimachokera ku Asia ndi Africa.

Ndi membala wa banja timbewu tonunkhira, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana.

Wotchuka monga zokometsera zakudya, zitsamba zonunkhirazi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu tiyi ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi zabwino zambiri.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za basil, zabwino zake ndi kagwiritsidwe kake.

Mitundu Yodziwika Kwambiri

Dzinalo la basil la basil lomwe limagulidwa kwambiri kuphika ndi Ocimum basilicum (chidule O. basilicum).

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya O. basilicum, kuphatikiza ():

• Basil wokoma: Basil yotchuka kwambiri, yotchuka kwambiri, yotchuka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mbale zaku Italiya. Kawirikawiri amagulitsidwa zouma m'masitolo akuluakulu. Ali ndi kukoma kwa licorice-clove.
• Bush kapena basil yachi Greek: Ali ndi fungo lokoma koma lokoma pang'ono, motero limatha kusinthidwa m'malo mwa basil wokoma. Amapanga chitsamba chokwanira ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ndipo amakula bwino mumphika.
• Mtsinje wa Thai: Ali ndi kukoma kwa anise-licorice ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mbale zaku Thai ndi Southeast Asia.
• Basamoni ya sinamoni: Wachibadwidwe ku Mexico. Ali ndi kununkhira ngati fungo kwa sinamoni. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyemba kapena zokometsera, masamba okazinga.
• Msuzi wa letesi: Amakhala ndi masamba akulu, makwinya, ofewa okhala ndi kununkhira ngati kwa licorice. Zimagwira bwino masaladi kapena kuponyedwa ndi tomato ndi mafuta.

Basil omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zowonjezera ndi tiyi wazitsamba ndi basil wopatulika - nthawi zina amatchedwa tulsi - yemwe ndi O. tenuiflorum mitundu, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti O. sanctum. Imawonjezeredwa pazakudya zina zaku Thai chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kosiyana ().

Basil wokoma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika, koma mitundu ina yambiri - yokhala ndi mbiri yosiyanako pang'ono - ilipo. Mtundu waukulu wa basil wa zowonjezera ndi tiyi wazitsamba ndi basil wopatulika, womwe ndi mtundu wofanana koma wosiyanasiyana.

Zakudya Zam'madzi ndi Zomera

Popeza maphikidwe amafuna basil wocheperako, zitsamba izi zimapereka mavitamini ndi michere yochepa pazakudya zonse.

Nayi michere yotchuka kwambiri ya supuni imodzi (pafupifupi 2 magalamu) a basil wokoma (2, 3):

Ngakhale basil wouma amakhala wambiri mu michere, mumagwiritsa ntchito zochepa maphikidwe poyerekeza ndi atsopano. Chifukwa chake, palibe komwe kumapezeka zakudya zambiri - kupatula vitamini K.

Basil amaperekanso mankhwala opindulitsa omwe ali ndi antioxidant, anti-inflammatory ndi zina zathanzi (,).

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amapatsa basil "tanthauzo lake" - kapena kununkhira kosiyana ndi kununkhira. Ndicho chifukwa chake mafuta ochokera ku basil ndi zomera zina amatchedwa mafuta ofunikira ().

Chifukwa basil amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, chakudya chokhacho chomwe amapereka ndi vitamini K. Basil amaperekanso mankhwala azomera, omwe amathandizira fungo, kununkhira komanso phindu laumoyo.

Mapindu azaumoyo

Basil sikuti ndimachiritso odziwika okha a matenda monga kunyansidwa ndi kulumidwa ndi tizirombo koma amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe achi China, mankhwala a Ayurvedic ndi njira zina zamankhwala (,,).

Masiku ano, asayansi amaphunzira zaubwino wa basil. Zotulutsa kapena mafuta ofunikira a basil, omwe amapereka kuchuluka kwa mankhwala azitsamba, amayesedwa m'malo mwa masamba athunthu ().

Kafukufuku woyeserera kapena kafukufuku wazinyama nthawi zambiri amachitika kuti adziwe ngati zinthu zingakhale zofunikira kupanga mankhwala ndi kuyesa anthu.

Zopindulitsa za Basil Wokoma

Pansipa pali chidule cha zopindulitsa za zotsekemera zotsekemera, makamaka kutengera kafukufuku wamakoswe ndi ma chubu oyesera. Kaya zotsatira zomwezo zikanachitika mwa anthu sizikudziwika.

Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti basil wokoma atha:

• Kuchepetsa kukumbukira kukumbukira komwe kumakhudzana ndi kupsinjika ndi ukalamba (,).
• Kuchepetsa kukhumudwa komwe kumakhudzana ndi kupsinjika kwakanthawi (,).
• Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa sitiroko ndikuthandizira kuchira, kaya kuperekedwa kale kapena atangopweteka (,).
• Limbikitsani kusala kwa magazi m'magazi, cholesterol ndi triglycerides (,,).
• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa ().
• Khazikitsani mitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa magazi anu, ofanana ndi aspirin (,).
• Tetezani kuwonongeka kwa aspirin m'matumbo anu, makamaka kupewa zilonda zam'mimba ().
• Pewani khansa ina, kuphatikiza m'mawere, matumbo ndi kapamba (,,).
• Lonjezerani kukhala tcheru m'maganizo mukamakoka ngati aromatherapy (,).
• Pewani kukula kwa mabakiteriya omwe amawononga mano ().
• Limbikitsani chitetezo cha chakudya, monga ngati chophatikizira muzakudya zopangidwa ndi opanga (,,,).
• Fotokozerani njira ina yothetsera matenda opatsirana, kuphatikiza mitundu yolimbana ndi maantibayotiki (,).
• Thamangitsani tizilombo, monga udzudzu ndi nkhupakupa (,).

Kafukufuku wama mbewa amapereka 100-400 mg ya basil yotulutsa pa kg (220-880 mg pa paundi) ya thupi. Mlingo woyenera wa anthu sadziwika (,,).

Zopindulitsa za Basil Woyera

Basil yoyera idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto ambiri, kuphatikiza ambiri omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Ngakhale maphunziro owerengeka aanthu amapezeka, zotsatira zake ndizolimbikitsa ().

Pamene anthu 60 omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 adatenga 250 mg ya basil yoyera limodzi ndi mankhwala ashuga tsiku lililonse asanadye chakudya chamadzulo ndi chakudya chamadzulo kwa miyezi itatu, adachepetsa 18% ya shuga wamagazi poyerekeza ndi omwe amangomwa mankhwalawo (34).

Kuphatikiza apo, mu kafukufuku wa anthu 158 omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zosachepera zitatu za kupsinjika, kutenga 1,200 mg ya basil yoyera tsiku lililonse kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi inali 39% yothandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi nkhawa zambiri kuposa placebo ().

Maphunziro owonjezera aumunthu amafunikira kuti atsimikizire kuyenera ndi mulingo.

Ma basil onse okoma ndi oyera amakhala ndi mbiri yayitali yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kafukufuku wowerengeka mwa anthu akuwonetsa zabwino za shuga wamagazi ndi kupsinjika, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wina amafunikira.

Kugula, Kukula ndi Kusunga

Ngakhale basil yatsopano imapereka kukoma kwamphamvu, basil wouma ndiotsika mtengo komanso wosavuta. Muthanso kugula mazira osungunuka m'mizere yopangidwa ndi zokhazokha mgawo la mafiriji.

Basil wokoma ndi wofala kwambiri, koma mutha kupeza mitundu ina m'misika yamalimi kapena misika yamayiko, monga malo ogulitsa ku Asia. Mosiyanasiyana, yesani kukulira zanu zokha.

Mutha kulima basil kulikonse ndi kutentha kwausiku kopitilira 60 ℉ (15.5 ℃) kwa miyezi iwiri. Basil amakhudzidwa ndi kuzizira ndipo amakonda kutentha kwa dzuwa tsiku lonse.

Mutha kulima basil kuchokera ku mbewu yobzalidwa mu dothi kapena tsinde lodulidwa kuchokera ku chomera china chomwe mumayika m'madzi mpaka mizu itayamba kukula. Basil idzakula bwino m'munda kapena poto wa patio womwe umatuluka bwino.

Kololani masamba a basil momwe mumawafunira, koma osangodzula zipatso zanu. Polimbikitsa kukula koyenera, dulani tsinde lake pansi kuti masamba awiri kapena anayi okha atsalire pa chomeracho.

Ikani zimayambira m'mtsuko ndi madzi apampopi kuti masambawo akhale abwino kwa masiku angapo. Ndizomveka kuti muyenera kuyika firiji basil yatsopano, chifukwa kutentha kwazizira kumatha kusokoneza masamba.

Ngati muli ndi basil yatsopano, mutha kuyanika masamba ndikuwasunga mumtsuko wokhala ndi chivindikiro cholimba. Pewani kuphwanya masamba mpaka mutawafuna, chifukwa izi zimathandizira kusunga mafuta, kununkhira komanso kununkhira kwawo.

Mutha kugula basil watsopano, wouma kapena wachisanu - ngakhale basil yatsopano imamveka bwino. Yesetsani kudzikulitsa nokha ngati muli ndi miyezi ingapo kutentha kotentha usiku. Kuti muzisunga masiku angapo, ikani zimayambira mumtsuko ndi madzi.

Ntchito Zophikira

Basil amapereka zest ku mbale za phwetekere, saladi, zukini, biringanya, zokometsera nyama, zodzaza, supu, sauces ndi zina zambiri.

Pesto - msuzi wobiriwira, wobiriwira - ndi imodzi mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri za basil. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku basil wosweka, adyo, tchizi cha parmesan, maolivi ndi mtedza wa paini, ngakhale zosankha zopanda mkaka zimapezekanso. Yesani ngati kusamba kapena sangweji kufalikira.

Basil amathandizira zitsamba zina ndi zonunkhira monga adyo, marjoram, mpiru, oregano, paprika, parsley, tsabola, rosemary ndi tchire.

Ngati muli ndi basil yatsopano, tengani masamba okha - osati tsinde. Ndibwino kwambiri kuwonjezera basil yatsopano pamapeto omaliza kuphika chifukwa kutentha kumatha kuchepetsa kununkhira komanso mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira (36).

Ngati chinsalu chimafuna basil yatsopano koma mwangouma, gwiritsani ntchito 1/3 ya muyeso, popeza zouma zimakhazikika.

Ngati mukuphika popanda chinsinsi, gwiritsani ntchito ndalama zotsatirazi pa mapaundi 450 a chakudya monga chiwongolero (2, 3):

Basil amapatsa zakudya zambiri, kuphatikiza pasitala, masaladi ndi msuzi. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito basil yatsopano, onjezerani kumapeto kwa kuphika chifukwa kutentha kumachepetsa kukoma kwake ndi mtundu wake. Gwiritsani ntchito 1/3 kuchuluka kwa basil wouma poyerekeza ndi watsopano.

Chitetezo ndi Zotsatira zoyipa

Basil nthawi zambiri amakhala otetezeka akagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, koma zopewera zochepa ndizoyenera.

Masamba a Basil ali ndi vitamini K wambiri, yemwe amathandiza magazi kuundana. Kulowetsa kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, monga warfarin (37).

Ngati mukumwa magazi ochepera, yesetsani kudya vitamini K tsiku lililonse kuti dokotala azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala anu. Kudya zakudya zopangidwa ndi basil wambiri - monga pesto - zitha kupangitsa izi kukhala zovuta (37, 38,).

Mosiyana ndi izi, zotumphukira za basil - monga zomwe zimapezeka mu zowonjezera - zimatha kuchepa magazi anu, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto ngati muli ndi vuto lakutaya magazi kapena opaleshoni yomwe ikubwera (,).

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena mankhwala ashuga ayenera kusamala ndi ma basil supplements popeza amatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga wamagazi. Dokotala wanu angafunike kuchepetsa mankhwala anu (, 34).

Pewani basil yoyera ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga pakati. Kafukufuku wa zinyama akuwonetsa kuti zopangira zoyera za basil zimatha kusokoneza umuna ndikupangitsa kuti mayi akhale ndi pakati. Zowopsa panthawi yoyamwitsa sizidziwika (,).

Ngakhale kuti zovuta za basil ndizosowa, anthu ochepa adawonapo mwa anthu omwe adachitapo kanthu pesto ().

Basil amakhala otetezeka akamamwa pang'ono, koma matenda ena ndi mankhwala amafunika kusamala. Zowonjezera za basil ziyenera kupewedwa ndi maanja omwe akufuna kutenga pakati.

Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

Basil amabwera m'mitundu yambiri. Ngakhale kuti zitsambazi sizingakupatseni michere yambiri pazakudya zanu, zimatha kununkhiritsa zakudya zanu.

Ngakhale basil yoyera imawonjezeredwa pamasamba azitsamba ndi zowonjezera, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti basil wokoma atha kuperekanso zabwino zofananira, monga kuchepetsa kupsinjika ndi kuwongolera shuga m'magazi.

Kumbukirani kuti maphunziro owonjezera mwa anthu amafunikira pamitundu yonse ya basil.

Yesetsani kudzipangira nokha basil ndikuionjezera msuzi, masaladi ndi msuzi - masamba anu amakomerani.