Kuyesa kwa Bipolar Disorder

Zamkati

• Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kumatanthauza chiyani?
• Zitsanzo za mafunso kuchokera poyesa kuyesa kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika
• Ndi mayeso ena ati omwe muyenera kutengapo?
• Kodi zotsatira za kuwunika kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndizotani?
• Kodi njira zamankhwala zothandizira matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi ziti?
• Mankhwala
• Njira zina zamankhwala
• Kuchiza matenda
• Mankhwala ochiritsira kunyumba
• Tengera kwina

Chidule

Matenda a bipolar kale ankatchedwa manic-depression disorder. Ndi vuto laubongo lomwe limapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala wothamanga kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina, amakhala wosasangalala kwambiri. Kusintha kumeneku kumatha kukhudza kuthekera kwa munthu kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Matenda a bipolar ndimkhalidwe wa nthawi yayitali womwe umapezeka ukamakula msinkhu kapena utakula.

Malinga ndi National Institute of Mental Health, anthu aku America okwana 4.4 pa 100 aliwonse adzadwala matenda osokoneza bongo nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo. Akatswiri sadziwa kwenikweni chimene chimayambitsa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Mbiri ya banja imatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu.

Ndikofunika kuwona katswiri wazachipatala ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo. Kuchita izi kudzakuthandizani kupeza matenda oyenera komanso chithandizo choyenera.

Werengani kuti muwone momwe othandizira azaumoyo ndi akatswiri azachipatala amadziwira matendawa.

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kumatanthauza chiyani?

Kuyesedwa kwaposachedwa kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika sikuchita bwino. Lipoti lofala kwambiri ndi Mafunso a Mood Disorder Mafunso (MDQ).

Pakafukufuku wa 2019, zotsatira zidawonetsa kuti anthu omwe adapeza zabwino pa MDQ atha kukhala ndi vuto la m'malire momwe angakhalire ndi matenda osinthasintha zochitika.

Mutha kuyesa mayeso ena pa intaneti ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika. Kuyesaku kukuyesani kukufunsani mafunso osiyanasiyana kuti muwone ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zamankhwala amisala kapena kukhumudwa. Komabe, zida zambiri zowunikira izi "ndizokulira kunyumba" ndipo mwina sizingakhale zofunikira panjira ya matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Zizindikiro zosintha kwakusintha ndizo:

Mayeserowa sayenera kulowa m'malo mwa akatswiri. Anthu omwe akuyesa kuyezetsa magazi atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zakukhumudwa kuposa zochitika zamankhwala. Zotsatira zake, kusokonezeka kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika nthawi zambiri kumanyalanyazidwa chifukwa chodzindikira kukhumudwa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuzindikira kwa matenda a bipolar 1 kumangofunika gawo lamankhwala. Munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika 1 mwina sangakhale ndi vuto lalikulu lachisoni. Munthu amene ali ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika 2 amakhala ndi gawo lokometsera kapena lotsatiridwa ndi gawo lalikulu lokhumudwitsa.

Funsani chithandizo chadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo ngati inu kapena munthu wina akukumana ndi zomwe zitha kudzipweteketsa kapena kuvulaza ena, kapena kuganiza zodzipha.

Zitsanzo za mafunso kuchokera poyesa kuyesa kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika

Mafunso ena owunikira akuphatikizanso kufunsa ngati mwakhala ndikudandaula komanso kukhumudwa, komanso momwe zakukhudzirani tsiku ndi tsiku:

• M'masabata awiri apitawa, kodi mudakhumudwa kwambiri kwakuti mumalephera kugwira ntchito kapena kugwira ntchito movutikira ndikumangomvera zinayi za izi?
  • kutaya chidwi pazinthu zambiri
  • kusintha kwa njala kapena kulemera
  • kuvuta kugona
  • kupsa mtima
  • kutopa
  • kusowa chiyembekezo komanso kusowa chochita
  • zovuta kuyang'ana
  • maganizo ofuna kudzipha
• Kodi mumakhala ndi kusintha kwamalingaliro komwe kumayenda pakati pa nthawi yayitali ndi yotsika, ndipo nthawi izi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Kuzindikira kuti magawowa atenga nthawi yayitali ndi gawo lofunikira podziwa ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la kusinthasintha zochitika kapena matenda amunthu, monga borderline personality disorder (BPD).
• Pakati pamagulu anu akulu, kodi mumamva kuti muli ndi mphamvu kapena mphamvu kuposa momwe mumakhalira munthawi yachizolowezi?

Katswiri wa zamankhwala amatha kuwunika bwino kwambiri. Awonanso ndandanda yazizindikiro zanu, mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa, matenda ena, komanso mbiri ya banja kuti mupeze matenda.

Ndi mayeso ena ati omwe muyenera kutengapo?

Mukazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda a bipolar, njira yodziwika bwino ndikuwongolera zina zamankhwala kapena zovuta zina.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu:

• kuchita mayeso thupi
• kuyitanitsa mayeso kuti muwone magazi ndi mkodzo wanu
• Funsani za momwe mumamvera komanso zomwe mumachita kuti muwunikenso zamaganizidwe anu

Ngati wothandizira zaumoyo wanu sakupeza chifukwa chamankhwala, atha kukutumizirani kwa katswiri wazamankhwala, monga wazamisala. Katswiri wazachipatala amatha kupereka mankhwala kuti athetse vutoli.

Muthanso kutumizidwanso kwa katswiri wama psychology yemwe angakuphunzitseni maluso othandizira kuzindikira ndikusintha kosinthasintha kwamomwe mukukhalira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a bipolar zili mgulu latsopano la Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways. Kupeza matenda kungatenge nthawi - ngakhale magawo angapo. Zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika zimayenderana ndi matenda ena amisala.

Nthawi yosinthasintha kwamisala nthawi zambiri samadziwika. Pankhani yopalasa njinga mwachangu, kusinthasintha kumatha kuchoka pamavuto kupita kukhumudwa kanayi kapena kupitilira apo pachaka. Wina atha kukhala kuti nawonso amakhala ndi "gawo losakanikirana," pomwe zizindikilo za kukhumudwa ndi kukhumudwa zimakhalapo nthawi yomweyo.

Maganizo anu akasinthira ku mania, mutha kukumana ndi zofooka mwadzidzidzi kapena mwadzidzidzi mumamva bwino komanso mwamphamvu. Koma padzakhala kusintha kowoneka bwino pamalingaliro, mphamvu, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Kusintha kumeneku sikuti kumachitika mwadzidzidzi nthawi zonse, ndipo kumatha kuchitika pakadutsa milungu ingapo.

Ngakhale pakakhala kuyendetsa njinga mwachangu kapena magawo osakanikirana, matenda amisala amafunika kuti wina adziwe:

• sabata la gawo la mania (nthawi iliyonse ngati ali kuchipatala)
• Masiku 4 pachigawo cha hypomania
• gawo losiyaniranapo la kukhumudwa komwe kumatha milungu iwiri

Kodi zotsatira za kuwunika kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndizotani?

Pali mitundu inayi yamatenda amisala, ndipo zomwe amafuna pamtundu uliwonse ndizosiyana pang'ono. Dokotala wanu wamaganizidwe, wothandizira, kapena wama psychology adzakuthandizani kuzindikira mtundu wanji womwe mwakhala mukuyesa mayeso awo.

Matenda ena ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika komanso ena okhudzana ndi matendawa ndi mtundu wina wa matendawa. Mutha kukhala ndi mtundu uwu ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikugwirizana ndi mitundu itatu yomwe ili pamwambapa.

Kodi njira zamankhwala zothandizira matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi ziti?

Njira yabwino yothanirana ndi vuto la kupuma ndi zizindikiro zake ndi chithandizo chanthawi yayitali. Omwe amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala osakaniza, psychotherapy, ndi othandizira kunyumba.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena amatha kuthandizira kukhazikika. Ndikofunika kuti muzinena pafupipafupi kwa omwe amakuthandizani ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta zina kapena simukuwona kukhazikika kwanu. Mankhwala ena omwe amadziwika kuti ndi awa ndi awa:

• zolimbitsa mtima, monga lithiamu (Lithobid), valproic acid (Depakene), kapena lamaotrigine (Lamictal)
• antipsychotic, monga olanzapine (Zyprexa), risperidone (Risperdal), quetiapine (Seroquel), ndi aripiprazole (Abilify)
• mankhwala opatsirana, monga Paxil
• antidepressant-antipsychotic, monga Symbyax, kuphatikiza kwa fluoxetine ndi olanzapine
• mankhwala oletsa nkhawa, monga benzodiazepines (mwachitsanzo, valium, kapena Xanax)

Njira zina zamankhwala

Ngati mankhwala sakugwira ntchito, akatswiri azamisala angakulimbikitseni kuti:

• Thandizo lamagetsi (ECT). ECT imakhudza mafunde amagetsi omwe akudutsa muubongo kuti akope, zomwe zingathandize pamavuto onse ndi kukhumudwa.
• Kukopa kwama transcranial magnetic (TMS). TMS imayendetsa malingaliro kwa anthu omwe sakuyankha mankhwala opatsirana, komabe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto abipolar akadasinthabe ndipo maphunziro owonjezera amafunikira.

Kuchiza matenda

Psychotherapy ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Itha kuchitika payekha, banja, kapena gulu.

Ma psychotherapies ena omwe atha kukhala othandiza ndi monga:

• Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe othandizira (CBT). CBT imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandiza kuthana ndi malingaliro osayenerera ndi machitidwe abwino, kuphunzira momwe mungalimbanirane ndi zizindikilo, ndikuwongolera bwino kupsinjika.
• Maphunziro. Psychoeducation limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukuphunzitsani zambiri zamatenda a bipolar kukuthandizani kupanga zisankho zabwino pazakusamalirani ndi chithandizo.
• Kuyanjana pakati pa anthu komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu (IPSRT). IPSRT imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukuthandizani kuti muzitha kuchita zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku kugona, kudya, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kulankhula chithandizo. Therapy yolankhula imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukuthandizani kufotokoza malingaliro anu ndikukambirana nkhani zanu pamaso ndi pamaso.

Mankhwala ochiritsira kunyumba

Zosintha zina pamoyo zimatha kuchepetsa kukhumudwa komanso kukwera njinga pafupipafupi.

Zosintha zikuphatikiza kuyesera:

• Pewani mowa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• pewani maubale osayenera
• muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 30
• kugona maola 7 kapena 9 usiku uliwonse
• idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi, choyenera chomwe chili ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba

Tengera kwina

Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati mankhwala ndi chithandizo chanu sichikuthandizani kuti muchepetse matenda anu. Nthawi zina, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana amatha kukulitsa zizindikilo za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Pali mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kuti mupange dongosolo lamankhwala lomwe lingakuthandizeni.