Botulism

Zamkati

• Kodi Zizindikiro za Botulism Ndi Ziti?
• Kodi Zomwe Zimayambitsa Botulism Ndi Ziti? Ndani Ali Pangozi?
• Kodi Botulism Amadziwika Bwanji?
• Kodi Botulism Amayang'aniridwa Bwanji?
• Kodi Ndingapewe Bwanji Botulism?

Kodi Botulism Ndi Chiyani?

Botulism (kapena botulism poyizoni) ndi matenda osowa koma owopsa omwe amapatsira kudzera pachakudya, kukhudzana ndi nthaka yonyansa, kapena kudzera pachilonda chotseguka. Popanda kuchiritsidwa msanga, botulism imatha kubweretsa ziwalo, kupuma movutikira, komanso kufa.

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya botulism:

• khanda botulism
• chakudya cha botulism
• bala botulism

Poizoni wa botulism amachokera ku poizoni wopangidwa ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya otchedwa Clostridium botulinum. Ngakhale ndizofala kwambiri, mabakiteriyawa amatha kuchita bwino pokhapokha ngati mulibe mpweya. Zakudya zina, monga zakudya zamzitini zapanyumba, zimapereka malo abwino oswana.

Malinga ndi a, pafupifupi milandu 145 ya botulism imanenedwa chaka chilichonse ku United States. Pafupifupi 3 mpaka 5 peresenti ya omwe ali ndi poyizoni wa botulism amamwalira.

Kodi Zizindikiro za Botulism Ndi Ziti?

Zizindikiro za botulism zitha kuwoneka kuyambira maola asanu ndi limodzi mpaka masiku 10 kuchokera matenda oyamba. Pafupifupi, zizindikilo za botulism ya makanda ndi zakudya zimapezeka pakati pa maola 12 ndi 36 mutadya chakudya choyipa.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za botulism ya ana zimaphatikizapo:

• kudzimbidwa
• kuvuta kudyetsa
• kutopa
• kupsa mtima
• kutsitsa
• zikope zothothoka
• kulira kofooka
• kusowa kwa kuwongolera mutu komanso kuyenda mozungulira chifukwa chofooka minofu
• ziwalo

Zizindikiro za chakudya kapena bala botulism zimaphatikizapo:

• kuvuta kumeza kapena kuyankhula
• kufooka kwa nkhope mbali zonse ziwiri za nkhope
• kusawona bwino
• zikope zothothoka
• kuvuta kupuma
• nseru, kusanza, ndi kupweteka m'mimba (kokha mu botulism yodyetsa)
• ziwalo

Kodi Zomwe Zimayambitsa Botulism Ndi Ziti? Ndani Ali Pangozi?

Malipoti akuti 65 peresenti ya matenda a botulism amapezeka mwa makanda kapena ana ochepera chaka chimodzi. Matenda a botulism nthawi zambiri amakhala chifukwa chakuwonetsedwa ndi nthaka yoyipitsidwa, kapena kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi botulism spores. Mazira a uchi ndi chimanga ndi zitsanzo ziwiri za zakudya zomwe zitha kuipitsidwa. Mbewuzo zimatha kukula m'mimba mwa makanda, ndikutulutsa poizoni wa botulism. Ana okalamba ndi akulu amakhala ndi chitetezo chachilengedwe chomwe chimalepheretsa mabakiteriya kukula.

Malinga ndi a, pafupifupi 15% yamatenda a botulism ndi chakudya. Izi zitha kukhala zakudya zam'chitini kapena zopangira zamzitini zomwe sizinakonzedwe moyenera. Malipoti akuti poizoni wa botulism amapezeka mu:

• masamba osungidwa okhala ndi asidi wochepa, monga beets, sipinachi, bowa, ndi nyemba zobiriwira
• zamzitini nsomba nsomba
• nsomba yothira, yosuta, komanso yamchere
• zopangira nyama, monga ham ndi soseji

Malonda a botulism amapanga 20% ya milandu yonse ya botulism, ndipo chifukwa cha mabotolo a botulism omwe amalowa pachilonda chotseguka, malinga ndi. Kuchuluka kwa mtundu uwu wa botulism kwakwera m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chifukwa ma spores amapezeka mu heroin ndi cocaine.

Botulism sichidutsa kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu. Munthu ayenera kudya spores kapena poizoni kudzera pachakudya, kapena poizoniyo ayenera kulowa pachilonda, kuti ayambitse zizindikiro za poyizoni wa botulism.

Kodi Botulism Amadziwika Bwanji?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti inu kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa ali ndi botulism, pitani kuchipatala mwachangu. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi chithandizo ndikofunikira kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo.

Kuti adziwe botulism, adokotala amaliza kuyesa thupi, ndikuwona zizindikilo zakupha kwa botulism. Afunsa za zakudya zomwe zidadyedwa m'masiku angapo apitawa ngati magwero a poizoni, komanso ngati wina wadya chakudya chomwecho. Afunsanso za mabala aliwonse.

Kwa makanda, adokotala amafufuzanso ngati ali ndi matenda, ndipo amafunsa za zakudya zilizonse zomwe khanda lidya, monga uchi kapena madzi a chimanga.

Dokotala wanu amathanso kutenga zitsanzo zamagazi kapena chopondapo kuti awone ngati pali poizoni. Komabe, zotsatira za kuyesaku zitha kutenga masiku, motero madokotala ambiri amadalira pakuwona zizindikiritso zamankhwala kuti adziwe.

Zizindikiro zina za botulism zitha kutsanzira matenda ena ndi zina. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso ena kuti athetse zifukwa zina. Mayesowa atha kuphatikiza:

• electromyography (EMG) kuti muwone kuyankha kwa minofu
• zojambula zojambula kuti ziwone kuwonongeka kwamkati kwa mutu kapena ubongo
• msana wamagetsi amayesa kudziwa ngati matenda kapena kuvulala kwa ubongo kapena msana kumayambitsa zizindikilo

Kodi Botulism Amayang'aniridwa Bwanji?

Pakudya ndi bala botulism, adokotala amapatsa antitoxin posachedwa atazindikira. Kwa makanda, chithandizo chotchedwa botulism immune globulin chimalepheretsa zochita za ma neurotoxin omwe amayenda m'magazi.

Matenda owopsa a botulism angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito makina opumira kuti athandizire kupuma. Kuchira kumatha kutenga milungu kapena miyezi. Kuchiza kwanthawi yayitali ndikukhalanso koyenera pamavuto akulu. Pali katemera wa botulism, koma siwowonekera, popeza mphamvu zake sizinayesedwe kwathunthu ndipo pali zovuta zina.

Kodi Ndingapewe Bwanji Botulism?

Nthawi zambiri, botulism ndiyosavuta kupewa. Mungachepetse chiopsezo chanu ndi njira zotsatirazi:

• Tsatirani njira zoyenera mukamayimba chakudya kunyumba, kuonetsetsa kuti mukufika kutentha kokwanira komanso acidic.
• Samalani ndi nsomba iliyonse yothira kapena zakudya zina zam'madzi zam'madzi.
• Ponyani zitini zilizonse zotseguka kapena zokulira za chakudya chokonzekera malonda.
• Mafuta a refrigerate amaphatikizidwa ndi adyo kapena zitsamba.
• Mbatata yophika ndikukulungidwa ndi zojambulazo za aluminiyamu imatha kupanga mpweya wopanda mpweya pomwe botulism imatha kuchita bwino. Sungani izi zotentha kapena firiji nthawi yomweyo.
• Zakudya zophika kwa mphindi 10 zidzawononga poizoni wa botulism.

Monga lamulo, simuyenera kudyetsa mwana wakhanda uchi kapena manyuchi a chimanga, chifukwa mumakhala zakudya izi Clostridium botulinum spores.