Kutentha: Mitundu, Chithandizo, ndi Zambiri

Zamkati

• Zithunzi zakupsa
• Kutentha
• Kutentha koyamba
• Kutentha kwachiwiri
• Kutentha kwachitatu
• Zovuta
• Kupewa madigiri onse amoto
• Chiyembekezo cha zowotcha
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.

Kutentha ndi chiyani?

Burns ndi chimodzi mwazovulala zanyumba, makamaka pakati pa ana. Mawu oti "kuwotcha" amatanthauza zambiri kuposa kutentha komwe kumayenderana ndi kuvulala kumeneku. Kutentha kumadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa khungu komwe kumapangitsa kuti khungu lomwe lakhudzidwa likufa.

Anthu ambiri amatha kuchira chifukwa chakupsa popanda zotsatira zoyipa, kutengera chifukwa ndi kuvulala kwake. Kuwotcha kwakukulu kumafunikira chithandizo chadzidzidzi mwachangu kuti mupewe zovuta ndi imfa.

Zithunzi zakupsa

Kutentha

Pali mitundu itatu yoyaka yamoto: woyamba-, wachiwiri, ndi wachitatu. Dipatimenti iliyonse imadalira kuwonongeka kwa khungu, pomwe digiri yoyamba imakhala yocheperako komanso yachitatu kwambiri. Kuwonongeka kumaphatikizapo:

• Kutentha koyamba: khungu lofiira, losalembetsa
• Kutentha kwachiwiri: matuza ndi khungu lakuda
• Kutentha kwa digiri yachitatu: makulidwe ofala ndi mawonekedwe oyera, achikopa

Palinso kutentha kwamadigiri anayi. Kuwotcha kwamtunduwu kumaphatikizira zizindikilo zonse zakutentha kwachitatu komanso kumafalikira kupitirira khungu kukhala tendon ndi mafupa.

Kutentha kumakhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

• kutentha kuchokera kumadzi otentha, otentha
• mankhwala amayaka
• amayaka magetsi
• moto, kuphatikizapo malawi a machesi, makandulo, ndi zoyatsira
• kutentha kwambiri dzuwa

Mtundu wakupsa sutengera chifukwa chake. Mwachitsanzo, scalding imatha kuyambitsa kuwotcha konse katatu, kutengera momwe madziwo aliri otentha komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji yolumikizana ndi khungu.

Kuwotcha kwa mankhwala ndi magetsi kumafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu chifukwa chimatha kukhudza mkati mwa thupi, ngakhale kuwonongeka kwa khungu kuli kochepa.

Kutentha koyamba

Kuwotcha koyambirira kumayambitsa khungu kochepa. Amatchedwanso "kuwotchera kwapamwamba" chifukwa zimakhudza khungu lakunja. Zizindikiro za kutentha koyambirira zimaphatikizapo:

• kufiira
• kutupa pang'ono, kapena kutupa
• ululu
• khungu lowuma, losenda limachitika pamene kutentha kumachira

Popeza kuwotcha kumeneku kumakhudza khungu lalitali, zizindikilo zimazimiririka khungu lawo litatuluka. Kuwotcha koyambirira nthawi zambiri kumachiritsa m'masiku 7 mpaka 10 osapunduka.

Muyenerabe kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati kutentha kumakhudza gawo lalikulu la khungu, kuposa mainchesi atatu, ndipo ngati ili pankhope panu kapena cholumikizira chachikulu, chomwe chimaphatikizapo:

• bondo
• bondo
• phazi
• msana
• phewa
• chigongono
• mkono wakutsogolo

Kuwotcha koyambirira nthawi zambiri kumachiritsidwa ndi chisamaliro chanyumba. Nthawi yochiritsa itha kukhala yachangu mukangotentha kumene. Mankhwala a kutentha koyambirira ndi awa:

• kulowetsa bala m'madzi ozizira kwa mphindi zisanu kapena kupitilira apo
• kutenga acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen kuti athetse ululu
• kugwiritsa ntchito lidocaine (mankhwala oletsa ululu) ndi aloe vera gel kapena kirimu kuti atonthoze khungu
• kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opha maantibayotiki ndi yopyapyala yopyapyala kuteteza malo okhudzidwa

Onetsetsani kuti simugwiritsa ntchito ayezi, chifukwa izi zitha kukulitsa kuwonongeka. Musagwiritse ntchito mipira ya thonje pamoto chifukwa ulusi wawung'ono umatha kumamatira kuvulala ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda. Komanso, pewani zithandizo zapakhomo monga batala ndi mazira chifukwa izi sizikutsimikiziridwa kuti ndizothandiza.

Kutentha kwachiwiri

Kutentha kwachiwiri kumakhala koopsa kwambiri chifukwa kuwonongeka kumapitilira khungu. Kutentha kwamtunduwu kumapangitsa khungu kuphulika ndikukhala kofiira kwambiri.

Zotupa zina zimatseguka, ndikuwotcha mawonekedwe akunyowa kapena kulira. Popita nthawi, khungu lakuthwa, lofewa, longa nkhanambo lotchedwa fibrinous exudate limatha kutuluka pachilondacho.

Chifukwa cha mabalawo osakhwima, kusunga malowo moyera ndikulimanga bwino kumafunika kupewa matenda. Izi zimathandizanso kutentha kumachira mwachangu.

Kuwotcha kwachiwiri kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa milungu itatu kuti ichiritse, koma ambiri amachiritsa mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu popanda mabala, koma nthawi zambiri khungu limasintha pakhungu.

Choyipa chachikulu matuzawa ndi omwe, kutentha kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuchira. Nthawi zina zovuta, kulumikiza khungu kumafunika kukonza kuwonongeka. Kulumikiza khungu kumatenga khungu labwino kuchokera kudera lina la thupi ndikusunthira pomwe panali khungu lotenthedwa.

Mofanana ndi kutentha koyambirira, pewani mipira ya thonje ndi mankhwala okayikira kunyumba. Chithandizo cha kutentha pang'ono kwachiwiri kumaphatikizapo:

• kuthamanga khungu pansi pamadzi ozizira kwa mphindi 15 kapena kupitilira apo
• kumwa mankhwala opweteka kwambiri (acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen)
• kugwiritsa ntchito kirimu cha maantibayotiki m'matuza

Komabe, funani chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi ngati kutentha kukukhudza malo ambiri, monga awa:

• nkhope
• manja
• matako
• kubuula
• mapazi

Kutentha kwachitatu

Kupatula kuwotcha kwa digirii yachinayi, kuwotcha kwamadigiri atatu ndikovuta kwambiri. Amawononga kwambiri, amafalikira pakhungu lililonse.

Pali malingaliro olakwika akuti kuwotcha kwa digiri yachitatu ndiopweteka kwambiri. Komabe, ndikuwotcha kwamtunduwu kuwonongeka ndikokulirapo kotero kuti sipangakhale ululu uliwonse chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, kuwotcha kwachitatu kungawonetse monga:

• utoto wonyezimira
• char
• utoto wakuda
• kukweza ndi mawonekedwe achikopa
• matuza omwe samakula

Popanda kuchitidwa opaleshoni, mabalawa amachira ndi mabala oopsa komanso mgwirizano. Palibe nthawi yokhazikika yochiritsira mokha mothandizidwa ndi madigiri atatu.

Musayese kudzichitira nokha madigiri atatu. Imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo. Pamene mukuyembekezera chithandizo chamankhwala, kwezani chovalacho pamwamba pamtima mwanu. Osavula, koma onetsetsani kuti palibe zovala zomwe zakakamira.

Zovuta

Poyerekeza ndi kutentha koyambirira komanso kwachiwiri, kuwotcha kwachitatu kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu pamavuto, monga matenda, kutaya magazi, ndi mantha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kubweretsa imfa. Nthawi yomweyo, zilonda zonse zoyaka zili ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda chifukwa mabakiteriya amatha kulowa pakhungu losweka.

Tetanus ndi vuto lina lomwe lingachitike ndikumayaka kwa magulu onse. Monga sepsis, tetanus ndi matenda a bakiteriya. Zimakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje, kenako kumadzetsa mavuto ndikumangika kwaminyewa. Monga lamulo, munthu aliyense m'banja lanu ayenera kulandira akatemera a tetanus osinthidwa zaka khumi zilizonse kuti apewe matendawa.

Kutentha kwakukulu kumakhalanso ndi chiopsezo cha hypothermia ndi hypovolemia. Kutentha kowopsa mthupi kumadziwika ndi hypothermia. Ngakhale izi zitha kuwoneka ngati zovuta zosayembekezereka za kuwotcha, vutoli limayambitsidwa ndikutaya thupi kwambiri chifukwa chovulala. Hypovolemia, kapena kuchuluka kwamagazi ochepa, kumachitika thupi lanu likataya magazi ochulukirapo chifukwa cha kuwotcha.

Kupewa madigiri onse amoto

Njira yodziwikiratu yothanirana ndi zotentha ndikuteteza kuti zisachitike. Ntchito zina zimakuyikani pachiwopsezo chachikulu chowotcha, koma chowonadi ndichakuti zilonda zambiri zimachitika kunyumba. Makanda ndi ana aang'ono ndi omwe amakhala pachiwopsezo chotentha. Njira zodzitetezera zomwe mungachite kunyumba ndi izi:

• Sungani ana kutuluka kukhitchini mukamaphika.
• Tembenuzani chogwirira cha mphika kumbuyo kwa chitofu.
• Ikani chozimitsira moto mkati kapena kufupi ndi khitchini.
• Yesani zoyesera utsi kamodzi pamwezi.
• Sinthani zoyesera utsi zaka khumi zilizonse.
• Sungani kutentha kwa madzi pansi pa madigiri 120 Fahrenheit.
• Pezani kutentha kwa madzi asambe musanagwiritse ntchito.
• Tsekani machesi ndi zoyatsira moto.
• Ikani zikuto zamagetsi.
• Yang'anani ndi kutaya zingwe zamagetsi ndi mawaya owonekera.
• Sungani mankhwala osafikirika, ndipo muvale magolovesi mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
• Valani zoteteza ku dzuwa tsiku lililonse, ndipo pewani kuwala kwambiri.
• Onetsetsani kuti zinthu zonse zomwe zasuta zatulutsidwa kwathunthu.
• Sambani misampha yowuma nthawi zonse.

Ndikofunikanso kukhala ndi njira yopulumukira pamoto ndikuyeseza ndi banja lanu kamodzi pamwezi. Pakakhala moto, onetsetsani kuti mukuokwawa pansi pa utsi. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chonyalanyazidwa ndikukodwa pamoto.

Chiyembekezo cha zowotcha

Mukachiritsidwa moyenera komanso mwachangu, malingaliro oyaka moto woyamba ndi wachiwiri ndiabwino. Zoyaka izi sizimangokhala zipsera koma zimatha kusintha kusintha khungu kwa khungu lomwe lidayatsidwa. Chofunikira ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwina ndi matenda. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kuchokera ku kutentha kwachiwiri ndi kutentha kwachitatu kungayambitse mavuto m'matumba akuya, mafupa, ndi ziwalo. Odwala angafunike:

• opaleshoni
• chithandizo chamankhwala
• kukonzanso
• chisamaliro cha moyo wonse

Ndikofunika kupeza chithandizo chokwanira chakutentha, koma musaiwale kupeza thandizo pazosowa zanu zamaganizidwe. Pali magulu othandizira anthu omwe adakhalapo ndi zotentha zazikulu, komanso aphungu ovomerezeka. Pitani pa intaneti kapena lankhulani ndi adokotala kuti mupeze magulu othandizira m'dera lanu. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina monga Burn Survivor Assistance ndi Children's Burn Foundation.

Funso:

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani kuyaka moto kuli koopsa?

Yankho:

Kuyika bala loyaka kumachepetsa kupweteka koyamba komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuvulala. Koma pamapeto pake, kuyika bala lakuyaka kumachedwetsa kuchira. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina, kutentha pachilonda pamoto kumatha kuyambitsa chisanu kumalo akhungu omwe awonongeka kale. Ndibwino kuyendetsa bala loyaka pansi pamadzi ozizira ndikuphimba malowo ndi gauze loyera wopanda mafuta.