Chithandizo cha Khansa ya M'chiberekero

Zamkati

• Chithandizo cha zotupa zotsekemera za khomo lachiberekero
• Cryotherapy
• Ndondomeko yoyendetsa kachipangizo ka Loop (LEEP)
• Kuchotsa laser
• Kuzizira kwa mpeni wozizira
• Kuchita opaleshoni ya khansa ya pachibelekero
• Chisokonezo chaching'ono
• Kutsekemera
• Chidziwitso
• Kukwiya kwam'mimba
• Chithandizo cha ma radiation cha khansa ya pachibelekero
• Chemotherapy chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero
• Mankhwala a khansa ya pachibelekero
• Kusunga chonde kwa amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya pachibelekero
• Kupewa khansa ya pachibelekero
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Khansara ya chiberekero

Chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero chimakhala chopambana mukapezeka kuti mukuyamba. Mitengo ya opulumuka ndiyokwera kwambiri.

Pap smears zapangitsa kuti azindikire ndikuchiza kwamankhwala osinthasintha. Izi zachepetsa kuchepa kwa khansa ya pachibelekero kumayiko akumadzulo.

Mtundu wa chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero umadalira siteji yodziwitsa. Khansa yotsogola kwambiri imafunikira kuphatikiza mankhwala. Mankhwala ochiritsira ndi awa:

• opaleshoni
• mankhwala a radiation
• chemotherapy
• mankhwala ena

Chithandizo cha zotupa zotsekemera za khomo lachiberekero

Pali njira zingapo zochizira ma cell omwe ali ndi khansa pachibelekeropo:

Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy imakhudza kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zaberekero zachilendo kudzera kuzizira. Njirayi imangotenga mphindi zochepa ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita dzanzi.

Ndondomeko yoyendetsa kachipangizo ka Loop (LEEP)

LEEP imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi omwe amayendetsa waya kuti achotse minyewa yachilendo ya chiberekero. Monga cryotherapy, LEEP imangotenga mphindi zochepa ndipo imatha kuchitidwa kuofesi ya dokotala wanu ndi anesthesia yakomweko.

Kuchotsa laser

Lasers itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwononga maselo abwinobwino kapena othamanga. Mankhwala a Laser amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kuwononga maselo. Njirayi imachitika mchipatala, ndipo pangafunike mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo kapena wamba, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri.

Kuzizira kwa mpeni wozizira

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito scalpel kuchotsa minofu yachiberekero yachilendo. Monga kuchotsedwa kwa laser, kumachitika mchipatala, ndipo pangafunike anesthesia wamba.

Kuchita opaleshoni ya khansa ya pachibelekero

Kuchita opaleshoni ya khansa ya pachibelekero kumafuna kuchotsa minofu yonse ya khansa. Nthawi zina, ma lymph node kapena ziwalo zina zapafupi zimachotsedwanso, pomwe khansara yafalikira kuchokera pachibelekeropo.

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuchitidwa opaleshoni kutengera zifukwa zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza momwe khansa yanu yapitira patsogolo, kaya mukufuna kukhala ndi ana, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Chisokonezo chaching'ono

Pakati pa khunyu, gawo lachiberekero limakhala lozungulira. Amatchedwanso cone excision kapena conization conization. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa ma cell omwe ali ndi khansa kapena khansa.

Kapangidwe kake ka biopsy kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa minofu yomwe yachotsedwa pamwamba. Minofu yochepa imachotsedwa pansi.

Zomwe zimachitika pangozi zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo, kuphatikiza:

• kuzungulira kwa zamagetsi (LEEP)
• opaleshoni ya laser
• ozizira mpeni conization

Pambuyo pofufuzira, ma cell osazolowereka amatumizidwa kwa katswiri kuti akawunike. Njirayi imatha kukhala njira yothandizira komanso chithandizo. Ngati kulibe khansa m'mphepete mwa gawo lopangidwa ndi kondomu lomwe linachotsedwa, chithandizo china sichingakhale chofunikira.

Kutsekemera

Hysterectomy ndiko kuchotsa kwa chiberekero ndi khomo pachibelekeropo. Zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chobwereranso poyerekeza ndi maopareshoni akomweko.Komabe, mkazi sangakhale ndi ana pambuyo pobereka.

Pali njira zingapo zochitira hysterectomy:

• Mimba yam'mimba imachotsa chiberekero kudzera m'mimba.
• Ukazi wam'mimba umachotsa chiberekero kudzera mu nyini.
• Laparoscopic hysterectomy imagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zochotsera chiberekero kudzera pamagawo ang'onoang'ono m'mimba kapena kumaliseche.
• Opaleshoni ya robotic imagwiritsa ntchito mkono wa roboti motsogozedwa ndi dokotala kuti athetse chiberekero kudzera pang'ambe pang'ono pamimba.

Nthawi zina hysterectomy imafunikira. Ndizowonjezera kuposa njira yokhayokha yochotsera. Amachotsa kumtunda kwa nyini. Imachotsanso minofu ina pafupi ndi chiberekero, monga timachubu ta mazira ndi thumba losunga mazira.

Nthawi zina, ma lymph node amachotsedwanso. Izi zimatchedwa kuti pelvic lymph node dissection.

Chidziwitso

Kuchita opaleshoniyi ndi njira ina yochizira. Khomo pachibelekeropo ndi kumtunda kwa nyini kumachotsedwa. Chiberekero ndi thumba losunga mazira zimatsalira m'malo mwake. Kutsegula kopangira kumagwiritsa ntchito kulumikiza chiberekero ndi nyini.

Ma trachelectomies amalola amayi kukhalabe ndi mwayi wokhala ndi ana. Komabe, kutenga mimba pambuyo pa trachelectomy kumawerengedwa kuti ndiwowopsa, chifukwa pamakhala kuchuluka kwa padera.

Kukwiya kwam'mimba

Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khansa yafalikira. Nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa pamilandu yotsogola kwambiri. Kulimbikira kumachotsa:

• chiberekero
• mafupa am'chiuno
• chikhodzodzo
• nyini
• rectum
• gawo la colon

Chithandizo cha ma radiation cha khansa ya pachibelekero

Poizoniyu amagwiritsa ntchito miyala yamphamvu kwambiri kuti awononge maselo a khansa. Chithandizo chamayendedwe achizolowezi chimagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti apereke mtengo wakunja womwe umalimbana ndi tsamba la khansa.

Magetsi amatha kuperekedwanso mkati pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa brachytherapy. Kukhazikika komwe kumakhala ndi zinthu zowononga radio kumayikidwa mu chiberekero kapena kumaliseche. Icho chimatsalira mmalo kwa nthawi yoikika chisanachotsedwe. Nthawi yomwe yatsalira imadalira kuchuluka kwa radiation.

Magetsi amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zina. Zambiri mwazimenezi zimatha akangomaliza kulandira mankhwala. Komabe, kuchepa kwa ukazi ndi kuwonongeka kwa thumba losunga mazira kumatha kukhala kwamuyaya.

Chemotherapy chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero

Chemotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kupha ma cell a khansa. Mankhwala amatha kuperekedwa asanachite opaleshoni kuti muchepetse zotupa. Zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pambuyo pake kuti zithetse maselo ochepa omwe ali ndi khansa.

Nthawi zina, chemotherapy kuphatikiza ndi radiation imaperekedwa ngati njira yokometsera khansa ya pachibelekero. Izi zimatchedwa chemoradiation yofanana.

Chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya pachibelekero yomwe yafalikira kuchokera pachibelekeropo kupita ku ziwalo zina ndi ziwalo zina. Nthawi zina, amaphatikiza mankhwala a chemotherapy. Mankhwala a chemotherapy amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena, koma nthawi zambiri amachoka mankhwala atatha.

Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khansa ya pachibelekero ndi awa:

• topotecan (Hycamtin)
• cisplatin (Platinol)
• paclitaxel (msonkho)
• miyala yamtengo wapatali (Gemzar)
• carboplatin (Paraplatin)

Mankhwala a khansa ya pachibelekero

Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala a chemotherapy, mankhwala ena akupezeka kuti athetse khansa ya pachibelekero. Mankhwalawa amagwera pansi pa mitundu iwiri yamankhwala: chithandizo chothandizira ndi immunotherapy.

Mankhwala omwe akuthandizidwa amatha kuzindikira ndikuwukira maselo a khansa. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala opatsirana ndi ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa mu labotale.

Bevacizumab (Avastin, Mvasi) ndi antibody yemwe FDA imavomereza kuchiza khansa ya pachibelekero. Zimagwira ntchito posokoneza mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imathandiza kuti maselo a khansa apange. Bevacizumab imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya pachibelekero yomwe imachitika mobwerezabwereza.

Mankhwala a Immunotherapy amagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kuti chiteteze ma cell a khansa. Mtundu wamba wa immunotherapy umatchedwa immune checkpoint inhibitor. Mankhwalawa amalumikizana ndi puloteni yapadera yama cell a khansa, kulola kuti ma immune immune awapeze ndikuwapha.

Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) ndi malo oletsa chitetezo cha mthupi omwe akhala akuvomerezedwa ndi FDA kuti athetse khansa ya pachibelekero. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito khansa ya pachibelekero ikupitilizabe kupitilira mwina kapena chemotherapy.

Kusunga chonde kwa amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya pachibelekero

Mankhwala ambiri am'mimba amtundu wa khomo lachiberekero amatha kupangitsa amayi kukhala ovuta kapena osatheka kutenga pakati atatha mankhwala. Ofufuzawa akupanga zosankha zatsopano kwa azimayi omwe adalandira chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero kuti asunge chonde komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Ma oocyte ali pachiwopsezo chowonongeka ndi mankhwala a radiation kapena chemotherapy. Komabe, amatha kututa ndi kuzizira asanalandire chithandizo. Izi zimathandiza mayi kutenga pakati atalandira chithandizo pogwiritsa ntchito mazira ake.

In vitro feteleza ndi njira ina. Mazira azimayiwo amakololedwa ndikupatsidwa umuna ndi umuna mankhwala asanayambe ndiyeno mazirawo amatha kuzizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pathupi mankhwala akatha.

Njira imodzi yomwe ikuwerengedwabe ndi yomwe imatchedwa a. Mwa njirayi, minofu yamchiberekero imayikidwa m'thupi. Imapitilizabe kutulutsa mahomoni kumalo atsopanowa, ndipo nthawi zina, azimayi amapitilirabe.

Kupewa khansa ya pachibelekero

Pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze khansa ya pachibelekero. Chinthu choyamba ndikuwunika khansa ya pachibelekero nthawi zonse. Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa maselo amtundu wa chiberekero (Pap smear) kapena kuzindikira kachilombo ka HPV, komwe kumayambitsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero.

Gulu Lankhondo Laku US la Preventive Services Task Force latulutsa posachedwa momwe azimayi akuyenera kuwonetseredwa khansa ya pachibelekero. Nthawi ndi mtundu wa zowunikira zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa zimadalira msinkhu wanu:

Pansi pa zaka 21: Kuwonetsa khansa ya pachibelekero sikulimbikitsidwa.

Pakati pa zaka 21 ndi 29: Kuwunika kwa khansa ya pachibelekero kudzera pa Pap smear kuyenera kuchitidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Pakati pa zaka 30 ndi 65: Pali njira zitatu zowunikira khansa ya pachibelekero mkati mwazaka izi. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Pap smear zaka zitatu zilizonse
• chiopsezo chachikulu cha HPV (hrHPV) zaka zisanu zilizonse
• onse mayeso a Pap smear ndi hrHPV zaka zisanu zilizonse

Zaka zoposa 65: Kuwonetsetsa kwa khansa ya pachibelekero sikulimbikitsidwa bola ngati mwalandilidwa kale.

Katemera amapezekanso kuti ateteze matenda amtundu wa HPV omwe angayambitse khansa. Pakadali pano, ndi za anyamata ndi atsikana azaka 11 ndi 12.

Komabe, zimalimbikitsidwanso kwa amuna azaka zopitilira 21 komanso akazi azaka zapakati pa 45 omwe sanalandirebe izi. Ngati muli mkati mwa msinkhu uwu ndipo mukufuna kulandira katemera, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.

Palinso zosintha zingapo pamoyo wanu zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze khansa ya pachibelekero. Kugonana mosatekeseka komanso kusiya kusuta kumathandizanso kuti muchepetse chiopsezo. Ngati mukusuta fodya, lankhulani ndi adokotala za pulogalamu yosiya kusuta kuti ikuthandizeni kusiya.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Maganizo a khansa ya pachibelekero amadalira siteji panthawi yomwe imapezeka. Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu za khansa zomwe zimapezeka koyambirira ndizabwino kwambiri.

Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, azimayi 92 pa 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi khansa yakomweko amakhala ndi moyo zaka zosachepera zisanu. Komabe, khansa ikafalikira kumatenda oyandikira, zaka zisanu kupulumuka zimatsikira ku 56 peresenti. Ngati yafalikira kumadera akutali a thupi, imagwera mpaka 17 peresenti.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira yothandizira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu. Chithandizo chanu chimadalira:

• siteji ya khansa yanu
• mbiri yanu yazachipatala
• ngati mukufuna kutenga pakati mutalandira chithandizo