Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Khansa ya m'magazi ndi chiyani?
• Kodi matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ati?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML)?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML)?
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ati?
• Kodi matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi magawo a matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ati?
• Kodi njira zochiritsira matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ziti?

Chidule

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi nthawi ya khansa yamagazi. Khansa ya m'magazi imayamba m'matenda opangira magazi monga mafupa. Mafupa anu amapanga maselo omwe amakula kukhala maselo oyera amwazi, maselo ofiira, ndi ma platelets. Mtundu uliwonse wamaselo uli ndi ntchito yosiyana:

• Maselo oyera amathandiza thupi lanu kulimbana ndi matenda
• Maselo ofiira ofiira amatulutsa mpweya m'mapapu anu kupita kumatumba ndi ziwalo zanu
• Ma Platelet amathandiza kupanga maundana kuti asiye magazi

Mukakhala ndi leukemia, mafupa anu amapanga maselo ambiri achilendo. Vutoli limachitika ndimaselo oyera. Maselo achilendowa amakula m'mafupa ndi m'magazi mwanu. Amachulukitsa maselo amwazi wathanzi ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti maselo anu ndi magazi azigwira ntchito yawo.

Kodi matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ati?

Matenda a myeloid khansa (CML) ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'magazi yayikulu. "Matenda" amatanthauza kuti khansa ya m'magazi nthawi zambiri imakula pang'onopang'ono. Mu CML, mafupa amapanga ma granulocyte osadziwika (mtundu wamaselo oyera amwazi). Maselo achilendowa amatchedwanso kuphulika. Maselo achilendowo akamadzaza maselo athanzi, amatha kuyambitsa matenda, kuchepa magazi, komanso magazi osavuta. Maselo achilendo amathanso kufalikira kunja kwa magazi kupita mbali zina za thupi.

CML nthawi zambiri imachitika mwa achikulire kapena atakwanitsa zaka zapakati. Ndizochepa mwa ana.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML)?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi CML ali ndi kusintha kwamtundu wotchedwa Philadelphia chromosome. Amatchedwa choncho chifukwa ofufuza aku Philadelphia adazindikira. Anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma 23 a ma chromosomes mu selo iliyonse. Ma chromosomes awa ali ndi DNA (majini). Mu CML, gawo lina la DNA kuchokera ku chromosome imodzi limapita ku chromosome ina. Zimaphatikizana ndi DNA pamenepo, yomwe imapanga jini yatsopano yotchedwa BCR-ABL. Jini imeneyi imapangitsa kuti mafupa anu apange mapuloteni osazolowereka. Puloteni iyi imalola kuti ma cell a leukemia akule bwino.

Chromosome ya Philadelphia siyidutsa kuchokera kwa kholo kupita kwa mwana. Zimachitika m'moyo wanu. Choyambitsa sichikudziwika.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML)?

Ndizovuta kuneneratu yemwe angapeze CML. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo chanu:

• Zaka - chiopsezo chanu chimakwera mukamakalamba
• Jenda - CML imafala kwambiri mwa amuna
• Kuwonetseredwa ndi ma radiation apamwamba

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ati?

Nthawi zina CML siyimayambitsa zizindikiro. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, atha kuphatikizira

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika
• Kukhetsa thukuta usiku
• Malungo
• Zowawa kapena kumverera kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti kumanzere

Kodi matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) amapezeka bwanji?

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zambiri kuti apeze CML:

• Kuyezetsa thupi
• Mbiri yazachipatala
• Kuyezetsa magazi, monga kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC) ndimasiyana ndi mayesero amwazi wamagazi. Mayeso am'magazi amayeza zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'magazi, kuphatikiza ma electrolyte, mafuta, mapuloteni, shuga (shuga), ndi michere. Mayeso apadera am'magazi amaphatikizira gawo loyambira lamagetsi (BMP), gulu lamagetsi (CMP), kuyesa kwa impso, kuyesa kwa chiwindi, ndi gulu lamagetsi.
• Mayeso a mafupa. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu - chifuniro cha mafupa ndi mafupa. Mayesero onsewa akuphatikizapo kuchotsa chitsanzo cha mafupa ndi mafupa. Zitsanzozo zimatumizidwa ku labu kukayezetsa.
• Mayeso achibadwa kuti ayang'ane kusintha kwa majini ndi chromosome, kuphatikiza mayeso kuti ayang'anire chromosome yaku Philadelphia

Mukapezeka ndi CML, mutha kukhala ndi mayeso ena monga kuyerekezera kuti muone ngati khansara yafalikira.

Kodi magawo a matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ati?

CML ili ndi magawo atatu. Magawo akutengera momwe CML yakulira kapena kufalikira:

• Matenda achilendo, pomwe osachepera 10% yamagazi m'magazi ndi m'mafupa amafafaniza (maselo a leukemia). Anthu ambiri amapezeka mgululi, ndipo ambiri alibe zizindikilo. Chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri chimathandizira m'gawoli.
• Gawo lofulumira, 10% mpaka 19% yamaselo m'magazi ndi m'mafupa ndimafupa ophulika. Mchigawo chino, anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikilo ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera sichingakhale chothandiza ngati gawo lanthawi yayitali.
• Gawo lowopsa, pomwe 20% kapena kupitilirapo kwama cell amwazi kapena m'mafupa ndimaselo ophulitsa. Maselo ophulika afalikira kumatenda ena ndi ziwalo zina. Ngati mwatopa, kutentha thupi, ndi nthenda yotakasa nthawi yophulika, amatchedwa vuto lakuphulika. Gawo ili ndi lovuta kuchiza.

Kodi njira zochiritsira matenda a myeloid leukemia (CML) ndi ziti?

Pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana a CML:

• Chithandizo choyenera, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimawononga maselo ena a khansa osavulaza maselo abwinobwino. Kwa CML, mankhwalawa ndi tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Amatseka tyrosine kinase, yomwe ndi michere yomwe imapangitsa kuti mafupa anu aziphulika kwambiri.
• Chemotherapy
• Chitetezo chamatenda
• Chemotherapy yamphamvu kwambiri yokhala ndi tsinde lama cell
• Kulowetsedwa kwa lymphocyte infusion (DLI). DLI ndi chithandizo chomwe chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pokhazikitsa khungu la tsinde. Zimaphatikizapo kukupatsani kulowetsedwa (m'magazi anu) a ma lymphocyte athanzi kuchokera kwa woperekera ma stem cell. Ma lymphocyte ndi mtundu wama cell oyera. Ma lymphocyte operekawa amatha kupha maselo otsala a khansa.
• Opaleshoni kuchotsa ndulu (splenectomy)

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mungalandire kutengera gawo lomwe muli, zaka zanu, thanzi lanu, ndi zina. Zizindikiro za CML zikafupika kapena zikawoneka, amatchedwa chikhululukiro. CML ikhoza kubwereranso mutakhululukidwa, ndipo mungafunike chithandizo china.

NIH: National Cancer Institute