Pulayimale biliary matenda enaake: chimene icho chiri, zizindikiro ndi mmene tiyenera kuchitira

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Matenda oyambira a biliary ndi matenda osachiritsika pomwe timitsempha ta ndulu tomwe timakhala mkati mwa chiwindi timawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, kupewa kutuluka kwa ndulu, yomwe ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chiwindi ndikusungidwa mu ndulu ndipo imathandizira pakudya kwamafuta azakudya. Chifukwa chake, ndulu yomwe imapezeka mkati mwa chiwindi imatha kuyambitsa kutupa, kuwonongeka, mabala komanso kukula kwa chiwindi.

Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira a biliary cirrhosis oyambilira, komabe, popeza matendawa amatha kuwononga chiwindi, pali mankhwala omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi gastroenterologist kapena hepatologist omwe amayesetsa kuchedwetsa kukula kwa matendawa ndikuthana ndi zowawa monga kupweteka m'mimba, kutopa kwambiri kutupa kapena kutupa kumapazi kapena akakolo, mwachitsanzo.

Ngati kutsekeka kwa ndulu kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ndizotheka kuti chiwindi chimawonongeka kwambiri komanso mwachangu, chodziwika ndi biliary cirrhosis, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa miyala ya ndulu kapena zotupa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthaŵi zambiri, matenda a biliary cirrhosis amadziwika zizindikiro zisanawoneke, makamaka kudzera mu kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumachitika pazifukwa zina kapena mwachizolowezi. Komabe, zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kuphatikizira kutopa nthawi zonse, khungu loyabwa komanso maso owuma kapena pakamwa.

Matendawa akakula kwambiri, zizindikilozo zimatha kukhala:

• Ululu kumtunda chakumanja kwam'mimba;
• Ululu wophatikizana;
• Kupweteka kwa minofu;
• Kutupa mapazi ndi akakolo;
• Mimba yotupa kwambiri;
• Kudzikundikira madzimadzi m'mimba, wotchedwa ascites;
• Mafuta amathira pakhungu mozungulira maso, zikope kapena zikhatho, mapazi, zigongono kapena mawondo;
• Khungu lachikaso ndi maso;
• Mafupa osalimba kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera ngozi zakufa;
• Cholesterol wambiri;
• Kutsekula m'mimba komwe kumakhala mafuta ambiri;
• Hypothyroidism;
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa.

Zizindikirozi zitha kuwonetsanso zovuta zina za chiwindi, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mufunsane ndi a hepatologist kapena gastroenterologist kuti azindikire ndikuwunika matenda ena omwe ali ndi zofananira.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuzindikira kwa biliary cirrhosis koyambirira kumapangidwa ndi hepatologist kapena gastroenterologist kutengera mbiri yazachipatala, zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthu komanso mayeso omwe akuphatikizapo:

• Kuyezetsa magazi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwama cholesterol, michere ya chiwindi ndi ma antibodies kuti azindikire matenda amthupi;
• Ultrasound;
• Kujambula kwama maginito;
• Endoscopy.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amatha kuyitanitsa chiwindi kuti atsimikizire matendawa kapena kuti adziwe gawo la birrhosis yoyamba. Pezani momwe chiwindi cha chiwindi chimachitikira.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a biliary cirrhosis sizidziwika, koma nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha, chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuti thupi lokha limayamba njira yotupa yomwe imawononga maselo am'mimba. Kutupa uku kumatha kupatsira ma cell ena a chiwindi ndikupangitsa kuti ziwoneke komanso mabala omwe amalepheretsa kugwira ntchito bwino kwa limba.

Zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse kuyambitsa matenda a biliary cirrhosis ndimatenda omwe amabakiteriya monga Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium gordonae kapena N.ovophingobium okonda, bowa kapena nyongolotsi monga Opisthorchis.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe amasuta kapena omwe ali ndi achibale awo omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma kwenikweni amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Palibe mankhwala a biliary cirrhosis, komabe, mankhwala ena amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchedwetsa kukula kwa matendawa ndikuchotsa zizindikilo, monga:

• Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodiol kapena Ursacol): Ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala oyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi imeneyi, chifukwa imathandizira bile kudutsa mumisewu ndikusiya chiwindi, kuchepetsa kutupa komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi;
• Obeticolic acid (Ocaliva): chida ichi chimathandiza chiwindi kugwira ntchito, kuchepetsa zizindikilo komanso kukula kwa matendawa ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito chokha kapena pamodzi ndi ursodeoxycholic acid;
• Fenofibrate (Lipanon kapena Lipidil): Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ndi triglycerides ndipo, akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ursodeoxycholic acid, amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa kwa chiwindi ndikuchepetsa zizindikilo monga khungu loyabwa.

M'mavuto ovuta kwambiri, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala sikuwoneka ngati kukuchedwetsa kukula kwa matendawa kapena ngati zizindikirazo zikadali zazikulu, a hepatologist amatha kulangiza kumuika chiwindi, kuti atalikitse moyo wamunthuyo.

Kawirikawiri, milandu yopatsirana imayenda bwino ndipo matendawa amatha kwathunthu, ndikubwezeretsa moyo wa munthu, koma kungakhale kofunika kukhala pamndandanda wodikira chiwindi choyenerana. Dziwani momwe kusamutsa chiwindi kumachitikira.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndizofala kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a biliary cirrhosis amavutika kupeza mafuta ndi mavitamini. Mwanjira imeneyi, adotolo amatha kulangiza wotsatira wazakudya kuti ayambe kuwonjezera mavitamini, makamaka mavitamini A, D ndi K komanso kuti azidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi mchere wochepa.