Kodi opaleshoni yodandaula ya mtima imachitika bwanji ndipo zoopsa zake ndi zotani

Zamkati

• Kodi opaleshoniyi yachitika bwanji
• Mitundu ya opaleshoni
• Momwe mungakonzekerere opaleshoni
• Kuopsa kwa opaleshoni
• Kodi kuchira kuli bwanji?

Sikoyenera kuchitidwa opareshoni pazochitika zonse za kung'ung'udza kwamtima, chifukwa, nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zovuta ndipo munthuyo amatha kukhala nazo bwinobwino popanda zovuta zazikulu zathanzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mwa makanda ndi ana, ndizofala kuti kung'ung'udza kumangotenga miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zochepa ndikudziwongolera mwachilengedwe, popeza momwe mtima umapangidwira.

Chifukwa chake, opareshoni imawonetsedwa nthawi yomwe kung'ung'udza kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda ena, a minofu kapena mavavu amtima, omwe amasokoneza magwiridwe antchito ake, monga kuchepa kwambiri kapena kusakwanira, mpaka kuchititsa zizindikilo monga kupuma pang'ono, kutopa kapena kugundika, mwachitsanzo. Mvetsetsani bwino zomwe zili komanso zomwe zimapangitsa mtima kung'ung'udza kwa akulu ndi ana.

Kodi opaleshoniyi yachitika bwanji

Kuchita opaleshoni yothetsa matenda amtima kumawonetsedwa ndi katswiri wa zamatenda komanso wochita opaleshoni ya mtima, omwe amasankha, limodzi, mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa opaleshoni kuti asinthe munthu aliyense.

Nthawi zambiri, asanachite opareshoni, chithandizo chamankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse vutoli komanso zidziwitso zowongolera zitha kuyesedwa, pogwiritsa ntchito Hydralazine, Captopril kapena Furosemide, mwachitsanzo, zomwe zitha kuthandiza anthu ena. Komabe, ngati zizindikilozo zikulimba kapena sizikusintha ndi mankhwala, njira yochitira opareshoni ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino yopititsira patsogolo moyo wa mwana kapena wamkulu.

Kukonzekera magwiridwe antchito a opaleshoni, kuyesa kwa preoperative kumachitika, ndi kuyesa kwa magazi, monga kuwerengera magazi ndi coagulogram, ndi kujambula, monga echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, X-ray pachifuwa ndi catheterization yamtima, mwachitsanzo.

Mitundu ya opaleshoni

Kuchita opaleshoni, kwa mwana komanso wamkulu, kumachitika molingana ndi chilema mumtima chomwe chiyenera kukonzedwa, chomwe chingakhale:

• Kupindika kwa valavu yamtima, yomwe imapezeka m'matenda monga mitral, aortic, pulmonary kapena tricuspid stenosis: kutulutsa kwa buluni kumatha kuchitika kudzera mu catheter yomwe imalowetsedwa mumtima ndikulowetsa buluni pamalo enieni, kapena pochita opaleshoni, momwe mtima wowongolera valavu kapena, nthawi zina, valavu yokumba imasinthidwa;
• Kusakwanira kwa valavu, zomwe zimachitika pakakhala ma valve a mitral omwe amaphulika kapena ma valve osakwanira, monga aortic, mitral, pulmonary and tricuspid: opaleshoni imatha kuchitidwa kuti ithetse vuto mu valavu kapena kusintha valavu ndi yokumba;
• Matenda a Congenic, monga makanda omwe ali ndi ma interatrial (IAC) kapena ma interventricular (CIV), ma ductus arteriosus, kapena tetralogy ya Fallot, mwachitsanzo: opareshoni imachitidwa kuti ithetse vuto la mumtima.

Nthawi zambiri, pamafunika njira imodzi yokha yosinthira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima ndikuchepetsa zizindikiritso, komabe, pamavuto ovuta, pamafunika opaleshoni yopitilira imodzi.

Momwe mungakonzekerere opaleshoni

Pochita opareshoni, nthawi yosala imafunika, yomwe imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka, pafupifupi 4 mpaka 6 maola a makanda ndi 8 h ya ana opitilira zaka 3 ndi akulu. Njirayi imachitika pansi pa anesthesia wamba, ndipo kutalika kwa opareshoni kumadalira mtundu wake, koma kumasiyana pakati pa maola 4 mpaka 8.

Kuopsa kwa opaleshoni

Opaleshoni iliyonse yamtima ndiyosakhwima chifukwa imakhudza kuyenda kwa mtima ndi magazi, komabe, masiku ano zoopsa zake ndizochepa, chifukwa cha ukadaulo watsopano wamankhwala ndi zida zopangira opaleshoni.

Zovuta zina zomwe sizingachitike mu opaleshoni yamtima ndikutuluka magazi, matenda, infarction, kumangidwa kwamtima kapena kukanidwa kwa valavu, mwachitsanzo. Mavuto amtunduwu atha kupewedwa poyambitsa ndi kutumiza bwino, kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala.

Kodi kuchira kuli bwanji?

Pambuyo pa opareshoni, nthawi ya postoperative imachitika ku ICU, kwa masiku pafupifupi 2, kenako kutsatira kuli m'chipinda chodyeramo, momwe mwana kapena wamkulu akhoza kukhala kwa masiku pafupifupi 7, ndikuwunikiridwa ndi a cardiologist, mpaka atatulutsidwa kuchipatala. Munthawi imeneyi, kuphatikiza pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azovuta komanso zowawa, monga Paracetamol, physiotherapy imatha kuyambitsidwa kulimbitsa mphamvu ndikupumitsanso pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni.

Mutatuluka kunyumba, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ena, monga:

• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala omwe dokotala wanena;
• Osayesetsa, kupatula omwe adalangizidwa ndi physiotherapist;
• Khalani ndi chakudya chamagulu, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi michere, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi mbewu zonse, monga oats ndi mbewu za fulakesi, komanso kupewa zakudya zamafuta kapena zamchere;
• Pitani ku maulendo obwereza ndi katswiri wa zamaphunziro kuti mukayesenso;
• Yembekezerani kubwerako kapena kambiranani ndi adotolo nthawi yomweyo kutentha kwa 38ºC, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka kwambiri, kutuluka magazi kapena mafinya pachilondacho.

Phunzirani zambiri za kuchira kuchokera kuchipatala cha ana cha mtima wam'manja komanso kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamtima wamunthu wamkulu.