Kodi Immunotherapy ndi chiyani, imagwirira ntchito bwanji ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji

Zamkati

• Momwe Immunotherapy Imagwirira Ntchito
• Mitundu yayikulu ya immunotherapy
• Pamene immunotherapy akusonyeza
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Komwe chithandizo cha immunotherapy chitha kuchitidwa

Immunotherapy, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti biological therapy, ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chimalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi popangitsa kuti thupi la munthuyo likwanitse kulimbana ndi ma virus, mabakiteriya ngakhale khansa komanso matenda amthupi.

Nthawi zambiri, immunotherapy imayambitsidwa pomwe mitundu ina yamankhwala sinabweretsere chithandizo cha matendawa, chifukwa chake, kuyigwiritsa ntchito kuyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse ndi adotolo omwe amathandizira.

Pankhani ya khansa, immunotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi chemotherapy pakagwa chithandizo chovuta, zikuwoneka kuti zikuwongolera mwayi wochiritsa mitundu ina ya khansa, monga khansa ya khansa, khansa yam'mapapo kapena khansa ya impso.

Momwe Immunotherapy Imagwirira Ntchito

Kutengera mtundu wamatenda komanso kukula kwake, immunotherapy imatha kugwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga:

• Limbikitsani chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chilimbane ndi matendawa mwamphamvu, kukhala ogwira ntchito;
• Perekani mapuloteni omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo chamthupi chitetezeke pamtundu uliwonse wamatenda.

Popeza immunotherapy imangolimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, sichitha kuchiza msanga zizindikiro za matendawa, chifukwa chake, adotolo amatha kuphatikiza mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala odana ndi zotupa, ma corticosteroids kapena othandizira kupweteka, kuti achepetse kusapeza bwino.

Mitundu yayikulu ya immunotherapy

Pakadali pano, njira zinayi zogwiritsa ntchito immunotherapy zikuwerengedwa:

1. Oteteza T maselo

Mu chithandizo chamtunduwu, adotolo amatenga maselo a T omwe akuwononga chotupacho kapena kutupa kwa thupi ndikuwunika zomwe zili mu labotore kuti azindikire omwe akuthandizira kwambiri kuchiritsa.

Pambuyo pofufuza, majini omwe ali m'maselowa amasinthidwa kuti apange ma T maselo olimba kwambiri, ndikuwabwezeretsa m'thupi kuti athane ndi matenda mosavuta.

2. Zoletsa za malo ofufuzira

Thupi liri ndi chitetezo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito malo owunikira kuzindikira maselo athanzi ndikutchinjiriza chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chisawawononge. Komabe, khansara itha kugwiritsanso ntchito njirayi kuti ibise ma cell a khansa kuchokera m'maselo athanzi, kuteteza chitetezo cha mthupi kuthana nayo.

Mwa mtundu uwu wa immunotherapy, madotolo amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pamalo ena ake kuti ateteze kachitidwe kameneka m'maselo a khansa, kulola kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiwazindikire ndikuwathetsa. Mankhwalawa amachitidwa makamaka pakhungu, mapapo, chikhodzodzo, impso ndi khansa yam'mutu.

3. Ma antibodies a monoclonal

Ma antibodies awa amapangidwa mu labotore kuti azitha kuzindikira mosavuta ma cell a chotupa ndikuwayika, kuti chitetezo chamthupi chithe.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma antibodies ena amatha kunyamula zinthu, monga chemotherapy kapena mamolekyulu a radioactive, omwe amalepheretsa chotupacho kukula. Onani zambiri zakugwiritsa ntchito ma monoclonal antibodies pochiza khansa.

4. Katemera wa khansa

Pankhani ya katemera, dotolo amatenga maselo otupa kenako amawasintha mu labotale kuti asakhale aukali. Pomaliza, maselowa amalowetsedwanso m'thupi la wodwalayo, monga katemera, kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiteteze khansa moyenera.

Pamene immunotherapy akusonyeza

Immunotherapy akadali mankhwala omwe amaphunziridwa, chifukwa chake, ndi mankhwala omwe amawonetsedwa pamene:

• Matendawa amayambitsa zizindikiro zoopsa zomwe zimasokoneza zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku;
• Matendawa amaika moyo wa wodwalayo pachiwopsezo;
• Mankhwala otsala omwe alipo sathandiza kuthana ndi matendawa.

Kuphatikiza apo, immunotherapy imawonetsedwanso ngati chithandizo chomwe chilipo chimayambitsa zovuta zoyipa kwambiri, zomwe zitha kupha moyo.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zoyipa za immunotherapy zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mtundu wa matendawa komanso gawo lakukula kwake. Komabe, zovuta zoyipa kwambiri zimaphatikizapo kutopa kwambiri, kutentha thupi kosalekeza, kupweteka mutu, nseru, chizungulire komanso kupweteka kwa minofu.

Komwe chithandizo cha immunotherapy chitha kuchitidwa

Immunotherapy ndi njira yomwe angauze dokotala yemwe akutsogolera chithandizo cha mtundu uliwonse wamatenda, chifukwa chake, pakafunika kutero, amachitidwa ndi dokotala wodziwika m'derali.

Chifukwa chake, ngati ali ndi khansa, mwachitsanzo, ma immunotherapy amatha kuchitidwa ku malo a oncology, koma pankhani ya matenda akhungu, ayenera kuchitidwa kale ndi dermatologist ndipo pakagwa ziwengo za kupuma dokotala woyenera kwambiri ndiye wotsutsa .