Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza COVID-19 ndi Chibayo

Zamkati

• Kodi pali mgwirizano wotani pakati pa coronavirus yatsopano ndi chibayo?
• Kodi chibayo cha COVID-19 chimasiyana bwanji ndi chibayo chokhazikika?
• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Nthawi yoti mupeze chithandizo chadzidzidzi
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga chibayo cha COVID-19?
• Okalamba okalamba
• Zomwe zimayambitsa thanzi
• Kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi
• Kodi COVID-19 chibayo chimapezeka bwanji?
• Amachizidwa bwanji?
• Zotsatira zazitali
• Malangizo popewa
• Mfundo yofunika

Chibayo ndimatenda am'mapapo. Mavairasi, mabakiteriya, ndi bowa zimatha kuyambitsa. Chibayo chimatha kupangitsa kuti thumba la mpweya m'mapapu anu, lotchedwa alveoli, lidzaze ndi madzi.

Chibayo chingakhale vuto la COVID-19, matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha coronavirus yatsopano yotchedwa SARS-CoV-2.

Munkhaniyi tiona bwinobwino chibayo cha COVID-19, chomwe chimasiyanitsa, zizindikilo zoti muziyang'anira, ndi momwe amachiritsidwira.

Kodi pali mgwirizano wotani pakati pa coronavirus yatsopano ndi chibayo?

Kutenga ndi SARS-CoV-2 kumayamba pamene madontho opumira omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amalowa m'malo anu opumira. Pamene kachilomboka kakuchulukirachulukira, matenda amatha kupita m'mapapu anu. Izi zikachitika, ndizotheka kukhala ndi chibayo.

Koma kodi izi zimachitika bwanji? Nthawi zambiri, mpweya womwe mumapumira m'mapapu anu umadutsa m'magazi anu mkati mwa alveoli, timatumba tating'onoting'ono m'mapapu anu. Komabe, matenda opatsirana ndi SARS-CoV-2 atha kuwononga alveoli ndi ziwalo zoyandikana nazo.

Kuphatikiza apo, chitetezo chamthupi chanu chikamalimbana ndi kachilomboka, kutupa kumatha kupangitsa kuti madzi amadzimadzi ndi akufa amange m'mapapu anu. Izi zimasokoneza kusamutsidwa kwa mpweya, kumabweretsa zizindikilo monga kutsokomola komanso kupuma movutikira.

Anthu omwe ali ndi chibayo cha COVID-19 amathanso kupitiliza kudwala matenda opatsirana (ARDS), mtundu wopumira wopumira womwe umachitika m'mapaketi ampweya m'mapapu atadzaza ndimadzimadzi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi ARDS amafunika mpweya wabwino kuti awathandize kupuma.

Kodi chibayo cha COVID-19 chimasiyana bwanji ndi chibayo chokhazikika?

Zizindikiro za chibayo cha COVID-19 zitha kukhala zofanana ndi mitundu ina ya chibayo cha virus. Chifukwa cha izi, zitha kukhala zovuta kudziwa zomwe zikuyambitsa matenda anu osayesedwa COVID-19 kapena matenda ena opumira.

Kafukufuku akuchitika kuti adziwe momwe chibayo cha COVID-19 chimasiyanirana ndi mitundu ina ya chibayo. Zambiri kuchokera ku kafukufukuyu zitha kuthandizira pakuzindikira komanso kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa kwathu momwe SARS-CoV-2 imakhudzira mapapu.

Kafukufuku wina adagwiritsa ntchito ma scan a CT ndi ma labotale kuyerekezera mawonekedwe azachipatala a COVID-19 chibayo ndi mitundu ina ya chibayo. Ofufuza apeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chibayo cha COVID-19 amakhala ndi mwayi wambiri:

• chibayo chomwe chimakhudza mapapu onse awiri motsutsana ndi chimodzi chokha
• mapapu omwe anali ndi mawonekedwe ngati "galasi yapansi" kudzera pa CT scan
• zovuta pamayeso ena a labotale, makamaka omwe amafufuza momwe chiwindi chimagwirira ntchito

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za chibayo cha COVID-19 ndizofanana ndi mitundu ina ya chibayo ndipo zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• malungo
• kuzizira
• chifuwa, chomwe chingakhale chopindulitsa
• kupuma movutikira
• kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumachitika mukamapuma kwambiri kapena kutsokomola
• kutopa

Matenda ambiri a COVID-19 amakhala ndi zizindikilo zochepa. Malinga ndi a, chibayo chofatsa chimatha kupezeka mwa ena mwa anthuwa.

Komabe, nthawi zina COVID-19 imakhala yoopsa kwambiri. A ochokera ku China adapeza kuti pafupifupi 14% yamilandu inali yayikulu, pomwe 5% adawerengedwa kuti ndi ovuta.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la COVID-19 amatha kudwala chibayo kwambiri. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizaponso kupuma movutikira komanso kuchepa kwa oxygen. Pazovuta kwambiri, chibayo chimatha kupita ku ARDS.

Nthawi yoti mupeze chithandizo chadzidzidzi

Onetsetsani kuti mwapeza chithandizo chadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo ngati inu kapena wina akumana ndi izi:

• kuvuta kupuma
• kufulumira, kupuma pang'ono
• kupsinjika kapena kupweteka pachifuwa
• kugunda kwamtima mwachangu
• chisokonezo
• mtundu wabuluu wamilomo, nkhope, kapena zikhadabo
• kuvuta kukhala maso kapena kuvuta kudzuka

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga chibayo cha COVID-19?

Anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga zovuta zazikulu - monga chibayo ndi ARDS - chifukwa cha COVID-19. Tiyeni tiwone izi mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

Okalamba okalamba

Akuluakulu azaka 65 kapena kupitilira pano ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka chodwala chifukwa cha COVID-19.

Kuphatikiza apo, kukhala m'malo osamalira anthu kwanthawi yayitali, monga nyumba yosungira okalamba kapena malo okhalamo anthu, kumatha kukuikani pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa thanzi

Anthu azaka zilizonse omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala kwambiri COVID-19, kuphatikiza chibayo. Zomwe zitha kukuikani pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi izi:

• Matenda am'mapapo, monga matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD)
• mphumu
• matenda ashuga
• zikhalidwe za mtima
• matenda a chiwindi
• matenda a impso
• kunenepa kwambiri

Kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi

Kukhala wopanda chitetezo chokwanira kumatha kubweretsa chiopsezo cha matenda akulu a COVID-19. Wina amanenedwa kuti sangatengeke ndi chitetezo cha mthupi mwake pomwe chitetezo chake chamthupi chimakhala chofooka kuposa masiku onse.

Kukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kumatha chifukwa:

• kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi, monga corticosteroids kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• akuchiritsidwa khansa
• atalandira chiwalo kapena kufupa mafupa
• kukhala ndi HIV

Kodi COVID-19 chibayo chimapezeka bwanji?

Kuzindikira kwa COVID-19 kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso omwe amawunikira kupezeka kwa ma virus kuchokera ku zitsanzo zopumira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa nyemba potulutsa mphuno kapena pakhosi.

Kujambula ukadaulo, monga chifuwa cha X-ray kapena CT scan, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati njira yodziwira. Izi zitha kuthandiza dokotala kuwona m'mapapu anu zosintha zomwe zingakhale chifukwa cha chibayo cha COVID-19.

Kuyesa kwa Laborator kungathandizenso kuwunika kuopsa kwa matenda. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa magazi m'magazi kapena mtsempha m'manja mwanu.

Zitsanzo zina za mayeso omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito akuphatikiza kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC) ndi gulu lama metabolic.

Amachizidwa bwanji?

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala enieni omwe amavomerezedwa ku COVID-19. Komabe, mankhwala osiyanasiyana ali ngati njira zochiritsira.

Chithandizo cha chibayo cha COVID-19 chimayang'ana chisamaliro chothandizira. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu ndikuonetsetsa kuti mukulandira mpweya wokwanira.

Anthu omwe ali ndi chibayo cha COVID-19 nthawi zambiri amalandila chithandizo cha oxygen. Milandu yayikulu ingafune kugwiritsa ntchito makina opumira.

Nthawi zina anthu omwe ali ndi chibayo cha mavairasi amathanso kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa kachilombo ka bakiteriya. Izi zikachitika, maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda abakiteriya.

Zotsatira zazitali

Kuwonongeka kwamapapu chifukwa cha COVID-19 kumatha kubweretsa zovuta kunthawi yayitali.

Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti anthu 66 mwa 70 omwe anali ndi chibayo cha COVID-19 akadali ndi zotupa zamapapo zowoneka ndi CT scan atachoka kuchipatala.

Chifukwa chake, izi zingakhudze bwanji thanzi lanu? Ndizotheka kuti kupuma movutikira kumatha kupitilirabe mukamachira komanso chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwamapapu. Ngati muli ndi chibayo chachikulu kapena ARDS, mutha kukhala ndi zotupa m'mapapo.

Otsatiridwa ndi anthu 71 patatha zaka 15 atakhala ndi SARS, yomwe imayamba kuchokera ku coronavirus yofananira. Ofufuzawa adapeza kuti zotupa zam'mapapo zidachepa kwambiri mchaka chomwe chidachira. Komabe, patatha nthawi yochira, zilondazo zidaphulika.

Malangizo popewa

Ngakhale sizingakhale zotheka nthawi zonse kuteteza chibayo cha COVID-19 kuti chikule, pali zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu:

• Pitirizani kukhazikitsa njira zothandizira kupewa matenda, monga kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi, kusalaza thupi, komanso kuyeretsa pafupipafupi.
• Chitani zizolowezi zomwe zingakuthandizeni kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu, monga kukhala ndi madzi ambiri, kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi, komanso kugona mokwanira.
• Ngati mukudwala, pitilizani kusamalira matenda anu ndikumwa mankhwala onse monga mwauzidwa.
• Ngati mukudwala ndi COVID-19, samalani mosamala zidziwitso zanu ndikukhala olumikizana ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo. Osazengereza kufunafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuyamba kukulira.

Mfundo yofunika

Ngakhale zambiri za COVID-19 ndizochepa, chibayo chimatha kukhala vuto. Pazovuta kwambiri, chibayo cha COVID-19 chimatha kubweretsa mtundu wopumira womwe umatchedwa ARDS.

Zizindikiro za chibayo cha COVID-19 zitha kufanana ndi mitundu ina ya chibayo. Komabe, ofufuza apeza kusintha m'mapapu komwe kumatha kuloza chibayo cha COVID-19. Kusintha uku kumawoneka ndi kujambula kwa CT.

Palibe chithandizo chamakono cha COVID-19. Anthu omwe ali ndi chibayo cha COVID-19 amafunikira chisamaliro chothandizira kuti achepetse zizindikiritso zawo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti akulandira mpweya wokwanira.

Ngakhale simungathe kuteteza chibayo cha COVID-19 kuti chikule, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu. Izi zikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothanirana ndi matenda, kuwongolera zovuta zilizonse zathanzi, ndikuwunika zomwe zingachitike mukadwala matenda a coronavirus yatsopano.