Kumvetsetsa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga

Zamkati

• Matenda a shuga
• Type 1 shuga
• Type 2 matenda ashuga
• Zizindikiro za mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Momwe madotolo amadziwira mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Mayeso a Glycated hemoglobin (A1C)
• Kusala kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi
• Kuyesa magazi mwachisawawa kwa plasma
• Mayeso olekerera pakamwa
• Kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri
• Kodi zotsatira za mayeso zimakhala zolakwika?
• Kukonzekera chithandizo
• Chiwonetsero

Kuzindikira mtundu wa 2 shuga

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga Mukapezeka, mutha kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mupange dongosolo lamankhwala kuti mukhale athanzi.

Matenda a shuga amagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Odwala omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wamtundu, matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, komanso mtundu wa 2 wa shuga.

Matenda a shuga

Mwina muli ndi mnzanu yemwe adauzidwa kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga ali ndi pakati. Matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa kuti gestational diabetes. Ikhoza kukula pakapita miyezi yachiwiri kapena yachitatu ya mimba. Gestational shuga nthawi zambiri imatha mwana akabadwa.

Type 1 shuga

Mwina mudali ndi bwenzi laubwana wa matenda ashuga omwe amayenera kumwa insulin tsiku lililonse. Mtundu umenewo umatchedwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Kukula msinkhu kwa matenda amtundu woyamba 1 ndi azaka zapakati pa 13. Malinga ndi mtundu wa 1 umapanga 5% ya anthu onse odwala matenda ashuga.

Type 2 matenda ashuga

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umapanga 90 mpaka 95 peresenti ya anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga, malinga ndi CDC. Mtundu uwu umatchedwanso kuti matenda a shuga omwe amayamba ndi achikulire. Ngakhale zimatha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse, mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndiofala kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 45.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi matenda ashuga, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu. Matenda a shuga osalamulirika amtunduwu amatha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu, monga:

• kudula miyendo ndi mapazi
• khungu
• matenda amtima
• matenda a impso
• sitiroko

Malinga ndi CDC, matenda ashuga ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azifa kwambiri ku United States. Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri za shuga zimatha kupewedwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuzindikira koyambirira kuli kofunika kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za mtundu wa 2 shuga

Anthu ena amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 chifukwa amakhala ndi zizindikilo zowonekera. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kuphatikiza:

• kuchulukitsa kapena kukodza pafupipafupi
• ludzu lowonjezeka
• kutopa
• mabala kapena zilonda zomwe sizingachiritse
• kusawona bwino

Nthawi zambiri, anthu amapezeka kudzera m'mayeso owunika. Kuwunika kawirikawiri matenda ashuga kumayambira ali ndi zaka 45. Muyenera kuwunika posachedwa ngati:

• onenepa kwambiri
• khalani moyo wongokhala
• khalani ndi mbiri yabanja yamtundu wa 2 matenda ashuga
• ali ndi mbiri yokhudzana ndi matenda ashuga obereka kapena adabereka mwana wolemera mapaundi 9
• ndi ochokera ku Africa-American, Native American, Latino, Asia, kapena Pacific Islander
• khalani ndi cholesterol chotsika bwino (HDL) kapena mulingo wapamwamba wa triglyceride

Momwe madotolo amadziwira mtundu wa 2 shuga

Zizindikiro za mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga nthawi zambiri zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa mutha kukhala kapena mulibe zizindikilo, dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito mayeso amwazi kuti mutsimikizire kuti mwapezeka. Mayesowa, omwe alembedwa apa, amayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga (shuga) m'magazi anu:

• Mayeso a glycated hemoglobin (A1C)
• kusala kuyesa kwa shuga wa m'magazi
• Mayeso amtundu wa plasma m'magazi
• Mayeso am'makomedwe am'magazi

Dokotala wanu adzachita mayesero amodzi kapena angapo kangapo kuti mutsimikizire kuti mwapezeka.

Mayeso a Glycated hemoglobin (A1C)

Mayeso a glycated hemoglobin (A1C) ndiyeso yayitali yothana ndi shuga. Amalola dokotala kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yapitayo.

Kuyesaku kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi wophatikizidwa ndi hemoglobin. Hemoglobin ndi mapuloteni onyamula mpweya m'maselo anu ofiira ofiira. Momwe A1C yanu iliri yokwera, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu aposachedwa kwakhala.

Kuyezetsa kwa A1C sikumvetsetsa ngati kuyezetsa magazi kwa plasma kapena kuyesa kulekerera shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imadziwika ndi anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Dokotala wanu adzakutumizirani zitsanzo ku labotale yovomerezeka kuti ikuthandizeni. Zitha kutenga nthawi yayitali kuti mupeze zotsatira kuposa mayeso omwe adachitika kuofesi ya dokotala wanu.

Ubwino woyesa A1C ndikosavuta. Simuyenera kusala kudya musanayesedwe. Zitsanzo zamagazi zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa nthawi iliyonse. Komanso, zotsatira za mayeso anu sizimakhudzidwa ndimavuto kapena matenda.

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani zotsatira zanu. Izi ndi zomwe zotsatira za mayeso anu A1C atanthauza:

• A1C ya 6.5% kapena apamwamba = matenda ashuga
• A1C pakati pa 5.7 ndi 6.4 peresenti = prediabetes
• A1C ochepera 5.7 peresenti = yachibadwa

Kuyezetsa kwamtunduwu kumatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwunika momwe magazi anu amayendera mukatha kupezeka. Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwanu kwa A1C kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kangapo pachaka.

Kusala kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi

Nthawi zina, mayeso a A1C siovomerezeka. Mwachitsanzo, sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa amayi apakati kapena anthu omwe ali ndi hemoglobin yosiyanasiyana. Kuyesa kwa magazi mosala kungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwake. Pakuyesaku, magazi anu adzatengedwe mutasala kudya usiku wonse.

Mosiyana ndi mayeso a A1C, kuyeza kwa magazi m'magazi osala kudya kumayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu nthawi imodzi. Shuga wamagazi amawonetsedwa mamiligalamu pa desilita imodzi (mg / dL) kapena millimoles pa lita imodzi (mmol / L). Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti zotsatira zanu zingakhudzidwe ngati mwapanikizika kapena mukudwala.

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani zotsatira zanu. Izi ndi zomwe zotsatira zanu zingatanthauze:

• kusala magazi magazi a 126 mg / dL kapena apamwamba = matenda ashuga
• kusala magazi magazi a 100 mpaka 125 mg / dL = prediabetes
• kusala kudya magazi osakwana 100 mg / dL = wabwinobwino

Kuyesa magazi mwachisawawa kwa plasma

Kuyezetsa magazi mwadzidzidzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga. Kuyezetsa magazi mosasintha kumachitika nthawi iliyonse. Kuyesaku kumayang'ana shuga wamagazi osaganizira chakudya chanu chomaliza.

Ziribe kanthu kuti mwadya liti, kuyesa magazi osagwirizana ndi 200 mg / dL kapena pamwambapa kukuwonetsa kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga.Izi ndizowona makamaka ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga.

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani zotsatira zanu. Izi ndi zomwe zotsatira za mayeso anu zingatanthauze:

• shuga wamagazi wa 200 mg / dL kapena kuposa = shuga
• kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi pakati pa 140 ndi 199 mg / dL = prediabetes
• shuga wamagazi osakwana 140 mg / dL = wabwinobwino

Mayeso olekerera pakamwa

Monga mayeso osala a shuga m'magazi, mayeso olekerera pakamwa amafunikanso kuti musalale usiku wonse. Mukafika ku nthawi yomwe mwasankhidwa, mukayezetsa magazi kusala kudya. Kenako mudzamwa madzi a shuga. Mukamaliza, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani magazi anu nthawi ndi nthawi kwa maola angapo.

Pofuna kukonzekera mayesowa, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) ikukulimbikitsani kuti mudye osachepera magalamu 150 amadzimadzi patsiku masiku atatu asanakwane mayeso. Zakudya monga mkate, chimanga, pasitala, mbatata, zipatso (zatsopano ndi zamzitini), ndi msuzi womveka bwino zonse zimakhala ndi chakudya.

Uzani dokotala wanu za zovuta zilizonse kapena matenda omwe mukukumana nawo. Onetsetsani kuti dokotala akudziwa za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa. Kupsinjika, matenda, ndi mankhwala zimatha kukhudza zotsatira za mayeso am'mimba kulolerana.

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani zotsatira zanu. Kuti muyesedwe mayeso am'magazi, izi ndi zomwe zotsatira zanu zingatanthauze:

• shuga wamagazi a 200 mg / dL kapena kupitilira maola awiri = shuga
• shuga wamagazi pakati pa 140 ndi 199 mg / dL patadutsa maola awiri = prediabetes
• shuga wamagazi osakwana 140 mg / dL patatha maola awiri = abwinobwino

Mayeso olekerera glucose amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira kuti mayi ali ndi matenda ashuga nthawi yapakati.

Kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri

Muyenera kukhala omasuka nthawi zonse kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena kukayika pazomwe mukudwala.

Mukasintha madotolo, mufunika kufunsa mayeso ena. Maofesi osiyanasiyana a madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito ma laboratories osiyanasiyana pokonza zitsanzo. NIDDK imanena kuti zitha kukhala zosocheretsa kufananizira zotsatira kuchokera kumalabu osiyanasiyana. Kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu ayenera kubwereza mayeso aliwonse kuti atsimikizire kuti mukudwala.

Kodi zotsatira za mayeso zimakhala zolakwika?

Poyamba, zotsatira zanu zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga koma mayeso a A1C atha kuwonetsa kuti mulibe. Chosiyananso chingakhale chowona.

Kodi izi zimachitika bwanji? Zitha kutanthawuza kuti muli mgawo loyambirira la matenda ashuga, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwanu sikungakhale kokwanira kuwonetsa pamayeso aliwonse.

Mayeso a A1C atha kukhala olakwika kwa anthu ena ochokera ku Africa, Mediterranean, kapena Southeast Asia cholowa. Chiyesocho chikhoza kukhala chochepa kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kutuluka magazi kwambiri, komanso okwera kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Osadandaula - adotolo abwereza kuyesaku asanakupatseni matenda.

Kukonzekera chithandizo

Mukadziwa kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga, mutha kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mupange dongosolo lamankhwala lomwe likukuyenerani. Ndikofunika kutsatira momwe mukuwonera komanso kusankhidwa kwa azachipatala. Kuyesa magazi anu pafupipafupi ndikutsata zomwe mukudwala ndizofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za cholinga chanu cha shuga. National Diabetes Education Program imanena kuti cholinga cha anthu ambiri ndi A1C yochepera 7. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti muziyesa shuga kangati magazi anu.

Pangani dongosolo lodzisamalira kuti muchepetse matenda anu ashuga. Izi zingaphatikizepo kusintha kwa moyo wanu monga kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusiya kusuta, komanso kuwona shuga m'mwazi.

Paulendo uliwonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu momwe njira yanu yodzisamalirira ikugwirira ntchito.

Chiwonetsero

Palibe mankhwala omwe alipo a mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Komabe, vutoli limatha kusamalidwa bwino ndi njira zambiri zothandizira.

Gawo loyamba ndikupeza ndikumvetsetsa zotsatira za mayeso anu. Kuti mutsimikizire kuti mwapezeka, dokotala muyenera kuyesanso kamodzi kapena kangapo mwa mayesowa: A1C, kusala magazi m'magazi, shuga wamagazi mosasamala, kapena kulolerana kwa shuga m'kamwa.

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga, pangani dongosolo lodzisamalirira, khazikitsani cholinga cha shuga m'magazi, ndikufunsani dokotala nthawi zonse.