Matenda 7 omwe amatha kufalikira ndi madzi osefukira komanso madzi amvula

Zamkati

• 1. Leptospirosis
• 2. Cholera
• 3. Malungo
• 4. Zipere
• 5. Toxoplasmosis
• 6. Malungo a typhoid
• 7. Matenda a chiwindi
• Momwe mungapewere matenda osefukira

Mvula ndi kusefukira kwamadzi zimatha kupatsira matenda monga zipere, chiwindi ndi leptospirosis, ndipo pachifukwa ichi, pewani kukumana ndi madzi, makamaka munthawi yamadzi.

Komabe, ngati kuli kofunikira kulumikizana ndi madzi amtunduwu, kuyeretsa nyumba kapena kupezanso zinthu, ndikofunikira kuvala nsapato zapulasitiki zopanda madzi kapena, kuphimba manja ndi mapazi anu ndi matumba awiri kapena atatu apulasitiki, imodzi pamwamba pamzake ndikuwateteza ku dzanja ndi chidendene ndi durex yolimba.

Mvula ndi kusefukira kwamadzi kumathandizanso kuti udzudzu wa dengue uchulukane komanso kuti mudziteteze, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa tsiku lililonse ndipo musasiye madzi oyimirira kuti udzudzu usachulukane.

Matenda omwe amafalitsidwa ndi mvula kapena madzi osefukira amapezeka m'malo omwe mulibe ukhondo wambiri, womwe umalimbikitsa kupezeka kwa ma virus, mabakiteriya, tiziromboti ndi nyama zomwe zitha kunyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Chifukwa chake, matenda akulu omwe amatha kupatsirana akakumana ndi mvula kapena madzi osefukira ndi awa:

1. Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya a Leptospira omwe amapezeka mchimbudzi ndi mkodzo wa nyama zowonongeka, makamaka makoswe. Chifukwa chake, pakagwa mvula ndi kusefukira, mkodzo ndi ndowe zodetsedwa ndi mabakiteriya zimatha kufalikira mosavuta ndikufikira mamina kapena zilonda zomwe zimapezeka pakhungu la anthu, ndikupatsirana.

Kutumiza kwa leptospirosis sikuchitika kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu, kudzera pakukhudzana ndi ndowe kapena mkodzo wa nyama zomwe zili ndi mabakiteriya, monga makoswe, amphaka, agalu, nkhumba ndi ng'ombe, mwachitsanzo. Dziwani momwe mungapezere Leptospirosis.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za leptospirosis zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu, ndi kutentha thupi, kusowa kwa njala, kuzizira, kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba, mwachitsanzo. Nthawi zina, pafupifupi masiku 3 mpaka 7 kutuluka kwa zizindikilo zoyambirira, pakhoza kukhala zizindikilo za kukulira ndi zovuta, monga impso kulephera, kusintha kwa magazi ndi chiwindi kulephera, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Chithandizo cha leptospirosis chimachitika kunyumba ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro, monga Paracetamol, mwachitsanzo. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kupumula ndi kumwa madzi ambiri masana. Kutengera kukula kwa zizindikirazo, adotolo amalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, monga Doxycycline ndi Penicillin. Mvetsetsani momwe mankhwala a Leptospirosis amachitikira.

2. Cholera

Cholera ndimatenda opatsirana am'mimba omwe amabwera chifukwa chodya mabakiteriya Vibrio cholerae zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi ndi chakudya chodetsedwa ndi ndowe za anthu kapena nyama zomwe zili ndi bakiteriya. Chifukwa chake, nthendayi imakonda kupezeka m'malo omwe mulibe madzi kapena njira yoyambira yaukhondo, yomwe imalimbikitsa kuipitsidwa ndi bakiteriya munyengo yamvula, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za kolera zimawoneka pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena asanu mutakumana ndi mabakiteriya, zazikuluzikulu ndizo kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, nseru ndi kusanza kosalekeza, kutopa kwambiri, kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Popeza chizindikiro chachikulu chokhudzana ndi kolera ndikutsekula m'mimba kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti munthuyo amwe madzi ambiri masana kuti asataya madzi. Nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kumangoyamikiridwa ndi dokotala m'mavuto ovuta kwambiri kuti athetse mabakiteriya mwachangu, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito Doxycycline kapena Azithromycin kumatha kuwonetsedwa.

3. Malungo

Malaria ndi matenda ofala kumadera otentha, monga ku Brazil, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumatha kuchuluka nthawi yamvula. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakuchuluka kwa madzi m'malo ena mvula itavumba, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa udzudzu.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za malungo zimawoneka patadutsa masiku 8 kapena 14 kuchokera pamene udzudzu waakazi wa mtundu wa Anopheles womwe walandidwa ndi tiziromboti utaluma Plasmodium sp., zomwe zimayambitsa malungo, nseru, kusanza, kupweteka kwa minofu, kufooka, kutopa nthawi zonse ndi khungu lachikaso ndi maso, mwachitsanzo. Zimakhala zachizoloŵezi kuti zizindikiro za malungo ziwoneke m'zinthu, ndiko kuti, maola 48 kapena 72, mwachitsanzo, malingana ndi mitundu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Umu ndi momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro za malungo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Pamene malungo amadziwika ndikuthandizidwa mwachangu, ndizotheka kupeza mankhwala ndikupewa zovuta. Chithandizochi chimakhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga chloroquine ndi primaquine, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti musamwe zakumwa zoledzeretsa mukamalandira chithandizo ndi kupumula. Ndikofunika kuti chithandizocho chichitike molingana ndi malangizo a dokotala, ngakhale zizindikiro zitatha.

4. Zipere

Zipere ndi matenda apakhungu omwe amayambitsidwa ndi bowa omwe amatha kuwoneka patadutsa nthawi yamvula chifukwa chinyezi. Mafangayi nthawi zambiri amafalikira m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso ukhondo pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito nsapato ya sock nthawi yamvula, mwachitsanzo, ndiye kuti ngati phazi silinaume bwino, bowa amatha kukulira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za zipere zimasiyana malinga ndi malo omwe amapezeka, kuyabwa, mawanga ofiira pakhungu ndikusintha mtundu ndi msomali, mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya zipere pa zala kapena zala zakumapazi.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Mankhwala a zipere ayenera kuwonetsedwa ndi dermatologist ndipo nthawi zambiri amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta, mafuta opaka pakamwa kapena mankhwala amkamwa olimbana ndi bowa, ndipo amasiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kuli zipere. Dziwani mankhwala azitsamba.

5. Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti matenda amphaka, ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera ndi tizilomboto Toxoplasma gondii, zomwe zingafalitsidwe kudzera pakudya chakudya chodetsedwa ndi tiziromboti, kumwa mkaka wosasamalidwa, kuthiridwa magazi kapena kufalikira motsatana, ndipamene mayi wapakati amatenga matendawa ndipo samachita chithandizo choyenera, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amwana.

Nthawi yamvula, matendawa amatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa amalimbikitsa kufalikira kwa tiziromboti komanso kuyanjana ndi chakudya ndi madzi owonongeka. Dziwani zambiri za Toxoplasmosis ndi momwe mungapewere.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawoneka patatha masiku 5 mpaka 20 mutakumana ndi tiziromboti, komanso kupezeka kwa madzi mthupi, malungo, kupweteka kwa minofu, mawanga ofiira m'thupi, kuvutika kuwona komanso kupweteka mutu, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Chithandizo cha toxoplasmosis chimasiyana malinga ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikilozo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse tiziromboti, monga Spiramicin, mwachitsanzo, tikulimbikitsidwa.

6. Malungo a typhoid

Matenda a typhoid ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya Salmonella typhi, zomwe zimapezeka m'malo okhala ndi ukhondo komanso ukhondo. Kufala kwa matenda a typhoid fever kumachitika ndikumeza madzi ndi zakudya zodetsa kapena kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi munthu amene ali ndi matendawa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro zazikulu za typhoid fever ndi kutentha thupi kwambiri, kusowa kwa njala, kukulira ndulu, mawonekedwe a mawanga ofiira pakhungu, kupweteka m'mimba, kuzizira, malaise ndi chifuwa chouma, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Chithandizo cha malungo a typhoid chitha kuchitidwa kunyumba malinga ndi zomwe adokotala akuti, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Chloramphenicol, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kupuma, chakudya chochepa kwambiri chamafuta ndi mafuta komanso madzimadzi omwe amawonetsedwa bwino.

7. Matenda a chiwindi

Mitundu ina ya matenda a chiwindi imatha kufalikira munyengo yamvula, makamaka kachilombo ka Hepatitis A. Kufala kwa mtundu uwu wa hepatitis kumachitika kudzera mwa madzi akumwa ndi kachilomboka, kuphatikiza pa chakudya kapena ndowe za anthu owonongeka, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu uwu wa chiwindi ndiwofala m'malo omwe mumakhala ukhondo komanso ukhondo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kachilomboka kufalikire nthawi yamvula, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro za matenda otupa chiwindi a A ndizofanana ndi chimfine, ndipo pakhoza kukhala mutu, zilonda zapakhosi, chifuwa komanso kumva kupweteka komwe kumatha milungu ingapo. Dziwani momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro za hepatitis A.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira: Chithandizo cha matenda a chiwindi a A cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa zizolowezi ndikuthandizira thupi kuchira msanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha ululu, monga Dipyrone, mwachitsanzo, kuti achepetse kupweteka ndi malungo, komanso mankhwala amiseru.

Momwe mungapewere matenda osefukira

Pofuna kupewa matenda ofala kuti asachitike nthawi yamadzi kusefukira komanso pambuyo pake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisakumane ndi madzi, chifukwa akhoza kukhala owonongeka, ndipo madzi akatsika, tsukani ndi klorini chilichonse chomwe chanyowa, kuti athe kuthetseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Ndikofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta othamangitsa m'masiku omwe amatsatira kusefukira kwamadzi, koma kumwa madzi osungunuka kapena osasankhidwa ndikudya zakudya zomwe sizinakhudzane ndi madzi akuda amadzi osefukira.