Mitundu, zoyipa za chemotherapy komanso kukayikira wamba

Zamkati

• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Momwe chemotherapy imachitikira
• Kusiyana pakati pa chemotherapy yoyera ndi yofiira
• Chemotherapy Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
• 1. Kodi ndikhala ndi chemotherapy yotani?
• 2. Kodi tsitsi langa limamothoka nthawi zonse?
• 3. Kodi ndizimva kuwawa?
• 4. Kodi kadyedwe kanga kadzasintha?
• 5. Kodi ndizitha kupitiriza kukhala ndi moyo wapamtima?

Chemotherapy ndi njira yothandizira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amatha kuthetsa kapena kulepheretsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa, omwe amatha kumwa pakamwa kapena kubayidwa, amatengedwa kudzera m'magazi kupita mbali zonse za thupi ndipo amangofika osati ma cell a khansa okha, komanso maselo abwinobwino mthupi, makamaka omwe amachulukitsa pafupipafupi, monga thirakiti lakugaya chakudya, zopindika tsitsi ndi magazi.

Chifukwa chake, sizachilendo kupeza zotsatira zoyipa mwa anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo chamtunduwu, monga nseru, kusanza, kutaya tsitsi, kufooka, kuchepa magazi, kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba kapena kuvulala mkamwa, mwachitsanzo, komwe kumatha masiku, masabata kapena miyezi. Komabe, si ma chemotherapies onse omwe ali ofanana, ndimankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe angayambitse thupi kapena kuchepa.

Mtundu wa mankhwalawo umasankhidwa ndi a oncologist, atawunika mtundu wa khansa, gawo la matendawa komanso momwe matenda amathandizira munthu aliyense, ndipo zitsanzo zina zimaphatikizapo mankhwala monga Cyclophosphamide, Docetaxel kapena Doxorubicin, omwe ambiri amatha kudziwa kuti ndi chemotherapy yoyera. kapena chemotherapy yofiira, mwachitsanzo, yomwe tidzafotokoze pansipa.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zoyipa za chemotherapy zimadalira mtundu wa mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso momwe thupi la munthu aliyense limayankhira, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala masiku kapena milungu ingapo, osowa pakutha kwa mankhwala. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndizo:

• Kutayika tsitsi ndi tsitsi lina;
• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Chizungulire ndi kufooka;
• Kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba ndi mpweya wochuluka;
• Kusowa kwa njala;
• Zilonda za pakamwa;
• Kusintha kwa msambo;
• Misomali yolimba ndi yamdima;
• Zigamba kapena kusintha kwa khungu;
• Magazi;
• Matendawa;
• Kusowa magazi;
• Kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana;
• Kuda nkhawa komanso kusintha kwa malingaliro, monga chisoni, kusungunuka komanso kukwiya.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, ndizotheka kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa za chemotherapy, zomwe zimatha kukhala miyezi, zaka kapena kukhala zosatha, monga kusintha kwa ziwalo zoberekera, kusintha kwa mtima, mapapo, chiwindi ndi dongosolo lamanjenje, Mwachitsanzo, koma nkofunika kukumbukira kuti zotsatira zoyipa sizimawonetsedwa chimodzimodzi mwa odwala onse.

Momwe chemotherapy imachitikira

Kuchita chemotherapy pali mitundu yopitilira 100 ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kaya piritsi, pakamwa, kapena jakisoni, omwe amatha kudzera mumitsempha, intramuscularly, pansi pa khungu komanso mkati mwa mafupa, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti athandizire kuchuluka kwa mitsempha, pakhosi, yotchedwa intracath, imatha kuikidwa, yomwe imakhazikika pakhungu ndikupewa kulumidwa mobwerezabwereza.

Kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala ochizira khansa, Mlingo umatha kukhala tsiku lililonse, sabata iliyonse kapena milungu iwiri kapena iwiri iliyonse, mwachitsanzo. Mankhwalawa amachitidwa mozungulira, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala milungu ingapo, kenako nthawi yopuma yolola kuti thupi lichiritse ndikuwunikanso.

Kusiyana pakati pa chemotherapy yoyera ndi yofiira

Nthawi zambiri, anthu ena amalankhula zakusiyana pakati pa chemotherapy yoyera ndi yofiira, kutengera mtundu wa mankhwalawo. Komabe, kusiyanaku sikokwanira, popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita chemotherapy, omwe sangadziwike ndi mtundu wokha.

Mwambiri, monga chitsanzo cha chemotherapy yoyera, pali gulu la mankhwala omwe amatchedwa ma taxi, monga Paclitaxel kapena Docetaxel, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mitundu ingapo ya khansa, monga khansa ya m'mawere kapena m'mapapo, ndipo imayambitsa kutupa ngati gawo limodzi. mamina ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi.

Monga chitsanzo cha chemotherapy yofiira, titha kutchula gulu la Anthracyclines, monga Doxorubicin ndi Epirubicin, omwe amathandizira mitundu ingapo ya khansa kwa akulu ndi ana, monga ma leukemias ovuta, khansa ya m'mawere, mazira, impso ndi chithokomiro, mwachitsanzo, ndipo zina zoyipa zoyambitsidwa ndi mseru, kutayika tsitsi, kupweteka m'mimba, komanso kukhala poizoni wamtima.

Chemotherapy Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kuzindikira mankhwala a chemotherapy kumatha kubweretsa kukayika komanso nkhawa zambiri. Timayesetsa kufotokoza, apa, zina mwazofala kwambiri:

1. Kodi ndikhala ndi chemotherapy yotani?

Pali ma protocols ambiri kapena ma chemotherapy regimens, omwe amaperekedwa ndi oncologist malinga ndi mtundu wa khansa, kuuma kwake kapena gawo la matendawa komanso matenda azachipatala a munthu aliyense. Pali ziwembu zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse, sabata iliyonse kapena milungu iwiri kapena itatu, yomwe imachitika mozungulira.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti pali mankhwala ena omwe amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi chemotherapy, monga opaleshoni yotulutsa chotupa, kapena mankhwala a radiation, njira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito radiation yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi chida kuti ichepetse kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho.

Chifukwa chake, chemotherapy amathanso kugawidwa pakati:

• Kuchiritsa, pomwe iko kokha ndikokhoza kuchiritsa khansa;
• Adjuvant kapena Neoadjuvant, akagwiridwa musanachite opaleshoni kapena pambuyo pake kuti achotse chotupacho kapena radiotherapy, ngati njira yothandizira kuchiritsira ndikuyesetsa kuthetsa chotupacho moyenera;
• Palliative, ngati ilibe cholinga chochiritsira, koma imakhala ngati njira yochulukitsira moyo kapena kusintha moyo wamunthu wokhala ndi khansa.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti anthu onse omwe akuchiritsidwa khansa, kuphatikiza omwe sangakwanitse kuchiritsidwa, akuyenera kulandira chithandizo kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino, womwe umaphatikizapo kuwongolera zizindikilo zathupi, zamaganizidwe ndi chikhalidwe, kuwonjezera pazinthu zina. Chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri ichi chimatchedwa chisamaliro chodziletsa, phunzirani zambiri za icho mu chisamaliro chothandizira ndi omwe ayenera kuchilandira.

2. Kodi tsitsi langa limamothoka nthawi zonse?

Sipadzakhala kutayika tsitsi nthawi zonse komanso kutayika tsitsi, chifukwa zimadalira mtundu wa chemotherapy womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito, komabe, ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kumeta tsitsi kumachitika pafupifupi milungu iwiri kapena itatu chithandizocho chitayamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimachitika pang'ono pang'ono kapena pang'ono.

N'zotheka kuchepetsa zotsatirazi pogwiritsa ntchito kapu yamatenthedwe kuti iziziritsa khungu, chifukwa njirayi imatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mpaka kumutu kwa tsitsi, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'derali. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kuvala chipewa, mpango kapena mawigi omwe amathandiza kuthana ndi zovuta zakumeta.

Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti tsitsi limabwereranso kumapeto kwa chithandizo.

3. Kodi ndizimva kuwawa?

Chemotherapy yokha siyimayambitsa kupweteka, kupatula zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa choluma kapena kuyaka moto mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo. Kupweteka kwambiri kapena kuyaka sikuyenera kuchitika, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwitsa adotolo kapena namwino izi zikachitika.

4. Kodi kadyedwe kanga kadzasintha?

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti wodwala yemwe amalandira chemotherapy amakonda kudya zakudya zokhala ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyama, nsomba, mazira, nthangala ndi mbewu zonse, kusankha zakudya zachilengedwe kuposa zakudya zopangidwa ndi mafakitale komanso organic, popeza alibe zowonjezera zowonjezera.

Zamasamba ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino komanso kuthiridwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo pokhapokha ngati pali chitetezo chambiri dokotala amatha kulangiza kuti asadye zakudya zosaphika kwakanthawi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kupewa chakudya chambiri chokhala ndi mafuta ndi shuga nthawi yomweyo musanalandire kapena mutalandira chithandizo, chifukwa nseru ndi kusanza zimachitika pafupipafupi, komanso kuti muchepetse zizindikilozi adotolo amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga Metoclopramide. Onani maupangiri ena pachakudya pazomwe mungadye kuti muchepetse zovuta za chemotherapy.

5. Kodi ndizitha kupitiriza kukhala ndi moyo wapamtima?

N'zotheka kuti pali kusintha kwa moyo wapamtima, popeza pangakhale kuchepa kwa chilakolako cha kugonana ndi kuchepa kwa chikhalidwe, koma palibe zotsutsana zokhudzana ndi kugonana.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu popewa matenda opatsirana pogonana munthawi imeneyi, koma makamaka kupewa mimba, chifukwa chemotherapy imatha kusintha kakulidwe ka mwana.