Electrophoresis: ndi chiyani, ndi chiyani komanso momwe zimachitikira

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani
• Momwe zimachitikira
• Mitundu ya electrophoresis
• 1. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
• 2. Mapuloteni electrophoresis

Electrophoresis ndi njira ya labotale yomwe imagwiridwa ndi cholinga cholekanitsa mamolekyulu molingana ndi kukula kwake ndi magetsi kuti matenda athe kupangika, kufotokozera kwa protein kumatha kutsimikizika kapena tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titha kudziwika.

Electrophoresis ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pama labotale komanso muzofufuza. Malinga ndi cholinga cha electrophoresis, kungakhale kofunikira kuchita mayeso ena ndi mayeso kuti mupeze matenda, mwachitsanzo.

Ndi chiyani

Electrophoresis itha kuchitidwa pazinthu zingapo, pakupanga kafukufuku komanso pakuzindikira, chifukwa ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo.Chifukwa chake, electrophoresis itha kuchitidwa kuti:

• Dziwani ma virus, bowa, mabakiteriya ndi tiziromboti, pomwe pulogalamuyi ikupezeka pofufuza;
• Kuyesa kwaubambo;
• Chongani mawu akuti mapuloteni;
• Kupeza masinthidwe, kukhala othandiza pakuzindikira ma leukemias, mwachitsanzo;
• Fufuzani mitundu ya hemoglobin yoyenda, kukhala yothandiza pakuzindikira kuchepa kwa magazi;
• Unikani kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'magazi.

Malinga ndi cholinga cha electrophoresis, pangafunike kuchita mayeso ena owonjezera kuti adokotala athe kumaliza matendawa.

Momwe zimachitikira

Kuti mupange electrophoresis ndikofunikira gel osakaniza, omwe atha kukhala a polyacrylamide kapena agarose kutengera cholinga, chopangira ma electrophoresis ndi vat, cholembera cholemera cha maselo ndi utoto wa fulorosenti, kuphatikiza pa UV kapena zida zowunikira za LED, zotchedwanso transilluminator .

Pambuyo pokonza gel osakaniza, chinthu china chiyenera kuikidwa kuti apange zitsime za gel osakaniza, zotchedwa chisa, ndikuloleza gel. Gel osakaniza Akakhala okonzeka, ingoikani mankhwalawo ku zitsime. Pachifukwa ichi, molekyulu yolemera yamolekyulu iyenera kuyikidwa mchimodzi mwa zitsime, kuwongolera koyenera, chomwe ndi chinthu chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi chiyani, kuwongolera koyipa, komwe kumatsimikizira kutsimikizika kwa zomwe zachitikazo, ndi zitsanzo zomwe ziyenera kusanthula. Zitsanzo zonse ziyenera kusakanikirana ndi utoto wa fulorosenti, chifukwa njira iyi ndi yotheka kuwonera magulu omwe ali pa transilluminator.

Gel osakaniza ndi zitsanzozo ayenera kuikidwa mu electrophoresis vat, yomwe ili ndi njira yothetsera batani, kenako chipangizocho chimatsegulidwa kuti pakhale magetsi ndipo chifukwa chake, kusiyana komwe kungakhalepo, komwe ndikofunikira polekanitsa ma particles malinga katundu wawo ndi kukula. Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito electrophoretic imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi cholinga cha njirayi, ndipo imatha mpaka ola limodzi.

Pambuyo pa nthawi yotsimikizika, ndizotheka kuwona zotsatira za electrophoretic ikuyenda kudzera mu transilluminator. Gelalo likayikidwa pansi pa UV kapena kuwala kwa LED, ndizotheka kuwona mtundu wa banding: kukula kwa molekyulu, kumachepa pang'ono, kuyandikira pafupi ndi chitsime, pomwe molekyuluyo imakula, kuthekera kosamuka.

Kuti izi zitsimikizidwe, ndikofunikira kuti magulu owongolera awonetsedwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe chowonetsedwa, chifukwa apo ayi ndiye chisonyezo choti panali kuipitsidwa, ndipo ntchito yonse iyenera kubwerezedwa.

Mitundu ya electrophoresis

Electrophoresis itha kuchitidwa mosiyanasiyana ndipo, malinga ndi cholinga chake, mitundu ingapo ya gel ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, yofala kwambiri ndi polyacrylamide ndi agarose.

Electrophoresis kuti izindikire tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizofala kwambiri kuchitidwa m'ma laboratories ofufuza, komabe, pofufuza, electrophoresis itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira matenda am'magazi ndi matenda omwe amasintha ndikukula kwa mapuloteni, pokhala mitundu yayikulu ya electrophoresis:

1. Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Hemoglobin electrophoresis ndi njira ya labotale yochitidwa kuti izindikire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin yomwe imazungulira m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuzindikira kupezeka kwa matenda okhudzana ndi hemoglobin kaphatikizidwe. Mtundu wa hemoglobin umadziwika pogwiritsa ntchito electrophoresis pa pH inayake, makamaka pakati pa 8.0 ndi 9.0, ndi mtundu wamagulu omwe akutsimikiziridwa omwe angafanizidwe ndi mawonekedwe abwinobwino, kulola kuzindikira kupezeka kwa ma hemoglobin achilendo.

Zomwe zimapangidwira: Hemoglobin electrophoresis imagwiridwa kuti ifufuze ndikuzindikira matenda okhudzana ndi hemoglobin synthesis, monga sickle cell anemia ndi hemoglobin C matenda, kuphatikiza pakuthandizira kusiyanitsa thalassemia. Phunzirani kutanthauzira hemoglobin electrophoresis.

2. Mapuloteni electrophoresis

Mapuloteni electrophoresis ndi mayeso omwe adokotala amafunsidwa kuti awone kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe akuyenda m'magazi, motero, kuti adziwe matenda. Kuyesaku kumachitika kuchokera pagulu la magazi, lomwe limayikidwa pakati kuti lipeze plasma, yomwe ili gawo la magazi, lomwe limaphatikizapo, mwa zina, zama protein.

Pambuyo pa electrophoresis, mawonekedwe amtundu amatha kuwonetsedwa ndipo, pambuyo pake, chithunzi chomwe kuchuluka kwa kachigawo kalikonse ka mapuloteni kumawonetsedwa, kukhala kofunikira pakuwunika.

Zomwe zimapangidwira: Mapuloteni electrophoresis amalola dokotala kuti afufuze momwe zimakhalira ndi myeloma, kutaya madzi m'thupi, matenda a chiwindi, kutupa, matenda a chiwindi, kapamba, lupus ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kutengera mtundu wa band ndi graph yomwe yaperekedwa mu lipoti la kafukufuku.

Mvetsetsani momwe zimachitikira komanso momwe mungamvetsere zotsatira za protein electrophoresis.