Endometrium: ndi chiyani, kuli ndi matenda omwe angathe

Zamkati

• Endometrial amasintha magawo
• Endometrium ali ndi pakati
• Matenda akulu omwe amakhudza Endometrium
• 1. Khansa ya endometrial
• 2. Endometrial polyp
• 3. Matenda a endometrial hyperplasia
• 4. Adenomyosis

Endometrium ndi minofu yomwe imayendetsa chiberekero mkati mwake ndipo makulidwe ake amasiyanasiyana pakusamba kwa msambo kutengera kusiyanasiyana kwa mahomoni am'magazi.

Ndi mu endometrium pomwe kukula kwa mluza kumayambira, kuyambitsa mimba, koma kuti izi zichitike, endometrium iyenera kukhala yolimba bwino ndipo isakhale ndi zisonyezo zamatenda. Ngati kulibe umuna, minofu imatuluka, ndikusamba.

Endometrial amasintha magawo

Makulidwe a endometrium amasiyanasiyana mwezi uliwonse mwa amayi onse azaka zoberekera, omwe amadziwika nthawi yakusamba:

1. Zowonjezera gawo:Atangofika msambo, endometrium imasenda kwathunthu ndikukonzekera kukula, gawo ili limatchedwa lochulukirapo, ndipo munthawi imeneyi estrogen imalimbikitsa kutulutsidwa kwa maselo omwe amawonjezera makulidwe awo, komanso mitsempha yamagazi ndi ma gland a exocrine.
2. Gawo lachinsinsi:Gawo lachinsinsi, lomwe limachitika munthawi yachonde, estrogen ndi progesterone zidzaonetsetsa kuti endometrium ili ndi michere yonse yofunikira pakuyika ndi kupatsa thanzi mwana wosabadwa. Ngati pali umuna ndipo kamwana kameneka kamatha kukhala mu endometrium, 'kutulutsa' kwapinki kapena malo a khofi atha kuwonedwa patsiku lake lachonde, koma ngati palibe umuna, patadutsa masiku ochepa mayiyu adzasamba. Dziwani momwe mungadziwire zisonyezo za umuna ndi yisa.
3. Kusamba: Ngati umuna sukuchitika munthawi yachonde, ndipamene endometrium imakhala yayikulu kwambiri, minyewa imeneyi tsopano imayamba kusamba ndikuchepera makulidwe chifukwa chakuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwama mahomoni m'magazi ndikuchepetsa kuthirira kwa minofu. Kusintha kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti endometrium amasuke pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuchokera kukhoma lachiberekero, ndikupangitsa magazi omwe timadziwa pakusamba.

Endometrium imatha kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso oyerekeza azimayi, monga pelvic ultrasound, colposcopy ndi kujambula kwa maginito, mwachitsanzo, komwe azimayi amafufuza ngati ali ndi matenda kapena kusintha kwa mnofuwu. Dziwani mayeso ena ofunsidwa ndi a gynecologist.

Endometrium ali ndi pakati

Endometrium yoyenera kutenga pakati ndiyomwe imayeza pafupifupi 8mm ndipo ili mgawo lachinsinsi, chifukwa endometrium yopyapyala kapena atrophic, yochepera 6mm, siyitha kulola mwana kukula. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha endometrium yopyapyala ndikusowa kwa progesterone, koma izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera, chiberekero cha khanda komanso kuvulala pambuyo pobereka kapena kuchiritsa.

Makulidwe ochepa oti akhale ndi pakati ndi 8 mm ndipo oyenerawo ndi pafupifupi 18 mm. Amayi omwe izi sizimachitika mwachilengedwe, adokotala atha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azamankhwala monga Utrogestan, Evocanil kapena Duphaston kuti awonjezere makulidwe a endometrium, ndikuthandizira kuyika kwa mwana wosabadwayo m'chiberekero.

Kulemera kwa endometrium pambuyo pa kusintha kwa thupi ndi 5 mm, komwe kumawoneka pa transvaginal ultrasound. Mchigawo chino, makulidwe ake akapitilira 5 mm, adotolo amayitanitsa mayeso ena angapo kuti amuwunike bwino mayiyu ndikuzindikira zizindikilo zina zomwe zitha kuwulula matenda omwe angakhale ngati khansa ya endometrial, polyp, hyperplasia kapena adenomyosis, ya Mwachitsanzo.

Matenda akulu omwe amakhudza Endometrium

Kusintha kwa endometrium kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda omwe amatha kuthandizidwa ndikuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni ndipo, nthawi zina, opaleshoni. Kutsata kuchipatala ndikofunikira kuti tipewe zovuta zamatenda aliwonse, kukhalabe ndi thanzi la uterine ndikuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi pakati. Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku endometrium ndi awa:

1. Khansa ya endometrial

Matenda ofala kwambiri omwe amakhudza endometrium ndi khansa ya endometrial. Izi zitha kupezeka mosavuta chifukwa chizindikiro chake chachikulu ndikutuluka magazi kunja kwa msambo. Pankhani ya amayi omwe adutsa kale kusamba ndipo akhala akusamba kwa chaka chimodzi, chizindikirocho chimazindikiridwa nthawi yomweyo.

Kwa iwo omwe sanafike msinkhu chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa magazi omwe amatayika pakusamba. Muyenera kudziwa zizindikirazi ndikuyang'ana dokotala wazachipatala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa vuto likazindikira msanga, mwayi wokuchiritsani umakulirakulira. Phunzirani momwe mungadziwire khansa ya endometrial.

2. Endometrial polyp

Ma polyp omwe amapezeka mdera la endometrium ndiabwino komanso osavuta kuzindikira chifukwa amatulutsa zisonyezo zakutaya magazi musanapite kapena mukatha msambo kapena kuvutika kukhala ndi pakati. Kusintha kumeneku kumakhala kofala pakatha kusamba ndipo nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa azimayi omwe amamwa mankhwala monga Tamoxifen.

Nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka pa ultrasound yomwe imasonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa makulidwe ake. Chithandizochi ndichachisankho cha azimayi koma chitha kuchitidwa ndikuchotsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kudzera mu opaleshoni, makamaka ngati mkaziyo ndi wachichepere ndipo akufuna kukhala ndi pakati, koma nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kuchita opaleshoni, kapena kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni, kuwunika mlanduwu miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse.

3. Matenda a endometrial hyperplasia

Kuwonjezeka kwa makulidwe a endometrium kumatchedwa endometrial hyperplasia, kofala kwambiri pambuyo pa zaka 40. Chizindikiro chake chachikulu ndikutuluka magazi kunja kwa msambo, kuphatikiza pa zowawa, zotupa m'mimba ndikukulitsa chiberekero, chomwe chitha kuwonedwa pamtundu wa transvaginal ultrasound.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya endometrial hyperplasia ndipo si yonse yokhudzana ndi khansa. Chithandizo chake chingaphatikizepo mankhwala a mahomoni, kuchiritsa kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni, pamavuto akulu kwambiri. Dziwani zambiri za endometrial hyperplasia.

4. Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis imachitika pomwe minofu yomwe ili mkati mwa khoma la chiberekero imakulirakulira, kuchititsa zizindikilo monga kutaya magazi kwambiri msambo ndi kukokana komwe kumapangitsa amayi kukhala ovuta, komanso kuwawa pakulumikizana, kudzimbidwa ndi kutupa m'mimba. Zomwe zimayambitsa sizidziwika bwino, koma zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha maopareshoni azachipatala kapena kubereka kwaulemu, mwachitsanzo, adenomyosis imatha kuoneka pambuyo pathupi.

Chithandizochi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera, kuyika IUD kapena opaleshoni kuti muchotse chiberekero, pamavuto akulu kwambiri, pomwe zizindikilozo zimakhumudwitsa komanso ngati pali zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala am'madzi. Dziwani zambiri za Adenomyosis.