Kuyesa kwa FAN: ndi chiyani, ndi chiyani komanso zotsatira zake

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani
• Momwe mayeso amachitikira
• Kukonzekera kotani komwe kuli kofunikira
• Zomwe zotsatira zake zikutanthauza

Mayeso a ANA ndi mtundu wa mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuthandizira kupeza matenda amthupi, makamaka Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Chifukwa chake, kuyesa uku ndikofunikira kudziwa kupezeka kwa autoantibodies m'magazi, omwe ndi ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi omwe amalimbana ndi ma cell ndi ma virus okha.

Kuyesaku kutengera mtundu wa ma fluorescence a ma antibodies, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwoneke pansi pa microscope ndikuthandizira kupeza matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngakhale sizachilendo kukhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pamayeso a ANA, pamene chiwerengerochi ndi chachikulu kwambiri, zitha kutanthauza kuti pali matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha, omwe amafunika kudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa mwachangu kuti athetse matenda.

Ndi chiyani

Kuyezetsa kwa FAN kumeneku kumatha kuthandizira kuzindikira matenda am'thupi monga:

• Lupus, omwe ndi matenda omwe amadzimadzimitsa okha omwe amadziwika ndi kukwera kwamafupa, khungu, maso ndi impso, mwachitsanzo;
• Matenda a nyamakazi, momwe mumakhala kupweteka, kufiira komanso kutupa kwamafundo. Umu ndi momwe mungadziwire nyamakazi;
• Matenda a achinyamata a nyamakazi, momwe muli kutupa kwa chimodzi kapena zingapo zimfundo mwa ana;
• Matenda a hepatitis, momwe kupezeka kwa autoantibodies kumayambitsa kutupa m'chiwindi. Dziwani zazikuluzikulu za autoimmune hepatitis;
• Scleroderma, yomwe ndi matenda omwe amadzimadzimadzimadzimodzi omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa kolajeni, ndikupangitsa kuti khungu ndi malo olimba ziumirire;
• Dermatomyositis, omwe ndi matenda otupa omwe amadziwika ndi kufooka kwa minofu ndi zotupa zamatenda. Dziwani zambiri za dermatomyositis;
• Matenda a Sjogren, yomwe imadziwika ndikutupa kwamatenda osiyanasiyana mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa maso ndi mkamwa kuuma, mwachitsanzo. Umu ndi momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro za Sjogren's Syndrome.

Nthawi zambiri, dotolo amatha kukayikira matendawa ngati munthuyo ali ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti ziwonongeke, monga mawanga ofiira mthupi, kutupa, kupweteka kosalekeza m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, kutopa kwambiri kapena kutentha thupi pang'ono.

Momwe mayeso amachitikira

Kuyesaku ndikosavuta, kumafuna magazi ochepa chabe kuti achotsedwe ndi akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino, omwe amatumizidwa ku labotale kuti akawunikenso.

Kutolera magazi nthawi zambiri kumachitika kuchipatala, koma amathanso kuchitidwa kuzipatala zapadera, kwa akulu ndi ana. Pankhani ya makanda, zosonkherazo nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi mbola yaying'ono phazi, osafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito singano.

Mu labotale, kuyezetsa kumachitika powonjezera utoto wa fulorosenti wokhala ndi ma antibodies omwe angazindikiridwe mchitsanzo. Kenako, magazi omwe ali ndi utoto wolembedwayo amaikidwa mu chidebe chomwe chimakhala ndi chikhalidwe cha maselo amunthu omwe amadziwika kuti maselo a Hep-2, omwe amalola kuwonetseratu koonekeratu kwama cell ndi magawo azungulira la selo. Chifukwa chake ndizotheka kupanga matendawa, chifukwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku mtundu wa fluorescence womwe umawonedwa kudzera pa microscope.

Kukonzekera kotani komwe kuli kofunikira

Palibe mtundu wina uliwonse wokonzekera mayeso a FAN, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti udziwitse adotolo zamankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi thanzi lawo.

Zomwe zotsatira zake zikutanthauza

Mwa anthu athanzi, mayeso a FAN nthawi zambiri amakhala olakwika kapena osagwira ntchito, ndizofunikira monga 1/40, 1/80 kapena 1/160. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti nthawi iliyonse ikakhala yolakwika, palibe matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atakhala kuti ali ndi vuto, ndipo malinga ndi zomwe zafotokozedwazo, adokotala amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso ena kuti atsimikizire kuti si matenda omwe amadzichititsa okha.

Zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino, kapena reagent, nthawi zambiri zimapereka zowerengera za 1/320, 1/640 kapena 1/1280. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso mawonekedwe abwino omwe amachokera pa kuwala komwe kumawoneka pansi pa microscope, yomwe imathandizira kusiyanitsa mtundu wamatenda omwe atha kuphatikizira:

• Nyukiliya yofanana: atha kuwonetsa kupezeka kwa lupus, nyamakazi kapena nyamakazi yachinyamata, kutengera wodwalayo wodziwika. Ngati kupezeka kwa anti-DNA, anti-chromatin ndi anti-histone antibodies zikupezeka, izi zikuwonetsa lupus;
• Nyukiliya yomwe ili ndi centromeric: nthawi zambiri zimawonetsa scleroderma;
• Chida cha nyukiliya chili ndi dothi: nthawi zambiri amawonetsa matenda a Sjögren kapena lupus, kutengera mankhwala omwe amadziwika;
• Nyukiliya ili ndi wandiweyani: lupus, nyamakazi kapena systemic sclerosis malinga ndi ma antibodies omwe amadziwika;
• Chotupa chokhala ndi cytoplasmic: itha kukhala polymyositis kapena dermatomyositis;
• Kosalekeza kosalekeza kwa nyukiliya: angasonyeze matenda a chiwindi a chiwindi kapena lupus;
• Ali ndi Nyukiliya: nthawi zambiri chimakhala chizindikiro cha systemic sclerosis.

Zotsatirazi ziyenera kumasuliridwa ndikuwunikidwa ndi dokotala ndipo, pafupifupi nthawi zonse, kuyesedwa koyenera kumafunikira musanatsimikizire kuti ali ndi vutoli.