Fingolimod (Gilenya) Zotsatira zoyipa ndi Zambiri Zachitetezo

Zamkati

• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala oyamba
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Machenjezo a FDA
• Mikhalidwe yovuta
• Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Chiyambi

Fingolimod (Gilenya) ndi mankhwala omwe amamwa pakamwa kuti athetse vuto la kubwereranso-kukhululuka kwa sclerosis (RRMS). Zimathandiza kuchepetsa zochitika za RRMS. Zizindikirozi zitha kuphatikiza:

• kutuluka kwa minofu
• kufooka ndi dzanzi
• mavuto a chikhodzodzo
• mavuto olankhula ndi masomphenya

Fingolimod imagwiranso ntchito kuti ichedwetse kupunduka komwe kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi RRMS.

Monga mankhwala onse, fingolimod imatha kuyambitsa zovuta. Nthawi zambiri, amatha kukhala owopsa.

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala oyamba

Mumatenga mlingo woyamba wa fingolimod muofesi ya dokotala wanu. Mukazitenga, mudzayang'aniridwa kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Electrococardiogram imachitidwanso musanamwe kapena mutamwa mankhwala kuti muwone kugunda kwa mtima wanu komanso kamvekedwe kanu.

Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo amatenga izi chifukwa chakuti mlingo wanu woyamba wa fingolimod ungayambitse zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi bradycardia, kuchepa kwa mtima komwe kumatha kukhala koopsa. Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwamtima zimatha kuphatikiza:

• kutopa mwadzidzidzi
• chizungulire
• kupweteka pachifuwa

Izi zitha kuchitika ndi muyeso wanu woyamba, koma siziyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse mukamamwa mankhwala. Ngati muli ndi zodabwitsazi kunyumba mukamaliza mlingo wachiwiri, itanani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Fingolimod imatengedwa kamodzi patsiku. Zotsatira zofala kwambiri zomwe zimatha kuchitika pambuyo poti mankhwala ena atsatidwe ndi ena atha kukhala:

• kutsegula m'mimba
• kukhosomola
• kupweteka mutu
• kutayika tsitsi
• kukhumudwa
• kufooka kwa minofu
• khungu lowuma komanso loyabwa
• kupweteka m'mimba
• kupweteka kwa msana

Fingolimod amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina zoyipa. Izi zimatha kuchoka mukasiya kumwa mankhwalawo. Zina kuposa mavuto a chiwindi, omwe amatha kukhala wamba, zotsatirazi sizikhala zachilendo. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Mavuto a chiwindi. Dokotala wanu nthawi zonse amayesa magazi nthawi zonse mukamachiza matenda anu a chiwindi. Zizindikiro za vuto la chiwindi zimatha kuphatikizaponso jaundice, yomwe imayambitsa khungu lachikaso ndi azungu amaso.
• Kuchulukitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda. Fingolimod imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amwazi. Maselowa amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kuchokera ku MS. Komabe, amathandizanso thupi lanu kulimbana ndi matenda.Chifukwa chake, chiopsezo chanu chotenga kachilombo chimakula. Izi zitha kutha miyezi iwiri mutasiya kumwa fingolimod.
• Macular edema. Ndi vutoli, madzi amadzikundikira mu macula, omwe ndi gawo la diso la diso. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kuwona kwamaso, malo akhungu, ndikuwona mitundu yachilendo. Chiwopsezo chanu chimakhala chachikulu ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga.
• Kuvuta kupuma. Kupuma pang'ono kumatha kuchitika ngati mutenga fingolimod.
• Kuchuluka kwa magazi. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu mukamachiza fingolimod.
• Leukoencephalopathy. Nthawi zambiri, fingolimod imatha kubweretsa zovuta zamaubongo. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupita patsogolo kwamatenda ambiri a leukoencephalopathy komanso matenda encephalopathy. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kusintha kwamaganizidwe, kuchepa mphamvu, kusintha masomphenya anu, kugwidwa, komanso kupweteka mutu komwe kumabwera mwachangu. Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi izi.
• Khansa. Basal cell carcinoma ndi melanoma, mitundu iwiri ya khansa yapakhungu, yolumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fingolimod. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, inu ndi dokotala muyenera kuyang'anira zotumphukira zachilendo pakhungu lanu.
• Ziwengo. Monga mankhwala ambiri, fingolimod imatha kuyambitsa vuto. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza kutupa, zidzolo, ndi ming'oma. Simuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa ngati mukudziwa kuti simukugwirizana nawo.

Machenjezo a FDA

Zomwe zimachitika ku fingolimod ndizosowa. Ananenedwa kuti amwalira mu 2011 yolumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba fingolimod. Zochitika zina zakufa chifukwa cha mavuto amtima zafotokozedwanso. Komabe, a FDA sanapeze kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati paimfa izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito fingolimod.

Komabe, chifukwa cha mavutowa, a FDA asintha malangizo ake pakugwiritsa ntchito fingolimod. Tsopano ikuti anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala enaake opatsirana kapena omwe ali ndi mbiri yamatenda amtima kapena sitiroko sayenera kumwa fingolimod.

Ananenanso kuti mwina atenga kachilombo kameneka kamene kamatchedwa progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito fingolimod.

Malipoti awa akhoza kumveka owopsa, koma kumbukirani kuti mavuto akulu kwambiri ndi fingolimod ndi osowa. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, onetsetsani kuti mwakambirana ndi dokotala wanu. Ngati mwalandira kale mankhwalawa, musaleke kumwa pokhapokha dokotala atakuwuzani.

Mikhalidwe yovuta

Fingolimod imatha kubweretsa mavuto ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino. Musanatenge fingolimod, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala ngati muli:

• arrhythmia, kapena kusakhazikika kapena kugunda kwamtima
• Mbiri ya sitiroko kapena sitiroko yaying'ono, yomwe imatchedwanso kuti ischemic attack
• mavuto amtima, kuphatikizapo matenda amtima kapena kupweteka pachifuwa
• mbiri yakukomoka mobwerezabwereza
• malungo kapena matenda
• vuto lomwe limasokoneza chitetezo chanu chamthupi, monga HIV kapena leukemia
• Mbiri ya nkhuku kapena katemera wa nkhuku
• mavuto amaso, kuphatikiza vuto lotchedwa uveitis
• matenda ashuga
• mavuto opuma, kuphatikizapo nthawi yogona
• mavuto a chiwindi
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• mitundu ya khansa yapakhungu, makamaka basal cell carcinoma kapena khansa ya pakhungu
• matenda a chithokomiro
• calcium, sodium, kapena potaziyamu ochepa
• akukonzekera kutenga pakati, kutenga pakati, kapena ngati mukuyamwitsa

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala

Fingolimod imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Kulumikizana kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zathanzi kapena kupangitsa mankhwala kukhala osagwira ntchito.

Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mavitamini, ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumamwa, makamaka zomwe zimadziwika zimagwirizana ndi fingolimod. Zitsanzo zochepa za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuphatikizapo corticosteroids
• katemera wamoyo
• mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu, monga beta-blockers kapena calcium channel blockers

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Palibe mankhwala a MS omwe adapezeka. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala monga fingolimod ndi njira yofunikira yosinthira moyo ndikuchedwa kulemala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi RRMS.

Inuyo ndi dokotala mumatha kudziwa zaubwino komanso kuopsa kotenga mankhwalawa. Mafunso omwe mungafune kufunsa dokotala ndi awa:

• Kodi ndili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotsatira fingolimod?
• Kodi ndimamwa mankhwala omwe angagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa?
• Kodi pali mankhwala ena a MS omwe angayambitse zovuta zina kwa ine?
• Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe ndiyenera kukuwuzani nthawi yomweyo ndikakhala nazo?

Fingolimod yakhala pamsika kuyambira 2010. Inali mankhwala oyamba amkamwa a MS omwe adavomerezedwa ndi FDA. Kuyambira pamenepo, mapiritsi ena awiri avomerezedwa: teriflunomide (Aubagio) ndi dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera).