Kodi Kukhudzika Kwa Gluten Ndi Kwenikweni? Kuwoneka Kovuta

Zamkati

• Kodi gluten ndi chiyani?
• Matenda okhudzana ndi Gluten
• Kodi mphamvu ya gluten ndi yotani?
• Kuzindikira kwa Gluten kungakhale kusokoneza
• Mfundo yofunika

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2013, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu aku America amayesetsa kupewa gluten.

Koma matenda a celiac, omwe ndi amtundu wovuta kwambiri wa kusagwirizana kwa gluteni, amangokhudza 0.7-1% ya anthu ().

Vuto linanso lotchedwa kutengeka kwa giliteni kosakhala ndi celiac limafotokozedwa pafupipafupi m'malo azaumoyo koma limakhala lovuta kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri azaumoyo ().

Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane kukhudzidwa kwa gluteni kuti mudziwe ngati muyenera kuda nkhawa nayo.

Kodi gluten ndi chiyani?

Gluten ndi banja la mapuloteni a tirigu, spelled, rye, ndi barele. Mwa nyemba zokhala ndi gluteni, tirigu ndi amene amadya kwambiri.

Mapuloteni awiri akulu mu gluten ndi gliadin ndi glutenin. Ufa ukasakanizidwa ndi madzi, mapuloteniwa amalumikizana ndi netiweki yomwe imakhala ngati zomatira mosasinthasintha (3,,).

Dzinalo gluten limachokera kuzinthu ngati zomatira.

Gluteni amachititsa mtanda kutanuka ndipo amalola mkate kutuluka ukatenthedwa ndikutola mamolekyu amafuta mkati. Zimaperekanso mawonekedwe okhutiritsa, osasangalatsa.

Gluteni ndiye puloteni yayikulu m'miyeso ingapo, kuphatikiza tirigu. Ili ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kotchuka kwambiri popanga buledi.

Matenda okhudzana ndi Gluten

Matenda ochepa amakhudzana ndi tirigu ndi gluten ().

Chodziwika kwambiri mwa izi ndi kusagwirizana kwa gilateni, komwe mawonekedwe ake ovuta kwambiri ndi matenda a leliac ().

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi tsankho la gluteni, chitetezo chamthupi chimaganiza molakwika kuti mapuloteni a gluten ndi ochokera kunja ndipo amawaukira.

Chitetezo cha mthupi chimalimbananso ndi chilengedwe cha m'matumbo, chomwe chitha kuvulaza kwambiri. Kuukira kwa thupi palokha ndichifukwa chake kusalekerera kwa gluteni ndi matenda a leliac amadziwika kuti ndi matenda am'magazi ().

Matenda a Celiac akuti amakhudza mpaka 1% ya anthu aku US. Zikuwoneka kuti zikukula, ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli sadziwa kuti ali nawo (,,).

Komabe, kutengeka kosalemera kwa giliteni ndikosiyana ndi matenda a leliac ndi tsankho la gluten (12).

Ngakhale sizigwira ntchito chimodzimodzi, zizindikilo zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana (13).

Matenda ena omwe amadziwika kuti matupi ndi tirigu ndi osowa ndipo mwina amakhudza anthu 1% padziko lonse lapansi (14).

Kusintha kwamtundu wa gluten kumalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zina zambiri, kuphatikiza gluten ataxia (mtundu wa cerebellar ataxia), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, mtundu wa 1 shuga, autism, schizophrenia, ndi kukhumudwa (15,,,,,,).

Gluten siomwe amayambitsa matendawa, koma atha kupangitsa kuti zizindikilo zizikhala zoyipa kwa iwo omwe ali nawo. Nthaŵi zambiri, zakudya zopanda thanzi zawonetsedwa kuti zithandizira, koma kufufuza kwina kumafunikira.

Matenda angapo amakhudzana ndi tirigu ndi gluten. Zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndimatenda a tirigu, matenda a celiac, komanso kutengeka kosalemera kwa giliteni.

Kodi mphamvu ya gluten ndi yotani?

M'zaka zaposachedwa, chidwi cha gluteni chalandiridwa chidwi ndi asayansi komanso anthu ().

Mwachidule, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva kwa gluteni amakumana ndi zizindikiritso akatha kudya mbewu zomwe zili ndi gluteni ndikuyankha moyenera ku zakudya zopanda thanzi - koma alibe matenda a celiac kapena zovuta za tirigu.

Anthu omwe amakhala ndi chidwi cha gluten nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zotupa m'matumbo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa matenda a leliac (12).

Komabe, sizikudziwika mwasayansi momwe chidwi cha gluten chimagwirira ntchito.

Umboni wokulirapo ukuwonetsa kukhudzidwa kwa ma FODMAP, gulu la ma carbs ndi ma fiber omwe angayambitse vuto la kugaya kwa anthu ena ().

Chifukwa palibe mayeso odalirika a labu omwe angadziwitse chidwi cha gilateni, matendawa amapangidwa ndikuchotsa zina zomwe zingachitike.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazidziwitso zakuyesera kwamatenda amtundu wa gluten ():

1. Kuyamwa kwa Gluten kumayambitsa zizindikilo nthawi yomweyo, mwina kugaya kapena kusadya.
2. Zizindikiro zimatha msanga pachakudya chopanda thanzi.
3. Kubwezeretsanso kwa giluteni kumayambitsa matendawa.
4. Matenda a Celiac ndi zovuta za tirigu achotsedwa.
5. Vuto la khungu lakhungu limatsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa.

Pakafukufuku wina mwa anthu omwe amadzimva kuti ali ndi vuto lakumva za gluteni, ndi 25% yokha yomwe idakwaniritsa njira zodziwira ().

Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi chokhudzidwa ndi gluteni awonetsa zisonyezo zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuphulika, kuphulika, kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, kuchepa thupi, chikanga, erythema, mutu, kutopa, kukhumudwa, ndi mafupa ndi mafupa (25,).

Kumbukirani kuti chidwi cha gluteni - ndi matenda a leliac - nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zosamvetsetseka zomwe zimakhala zovuta kulumikizana ndi chimbudzi kapena gilateni, kuphatikiza mavuto akhungu ndi matenda amitsempha (,).

Ngakhale kuti deta ikusowa pakuchuluka kwa chidwi cha gluten, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti 0.5-6% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi atha kukhala ndi vutoli ().

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, chidwi cha gluten chimafala kwambiri mwa akulu komanso makamaka mwa akazi kuposa amuna (, 30).

Kumvetsetsa kwa Gluten kumakhudza kuyipa kwa gilateni kapena tirigu mwa anthu omwe alibe matenda a celiac kapena zovuta za tirigu. Palibe deta yabwino yomwe ikupezeka pofala.

Kuzindikira kwa Gluten kungakhale kusokoneza

Kafukufuku wochuluka akusonyeza kuti anthu ambiri omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi vuto la gluten samachitapo kanthu pa gluten konse.

Kafukufuku wina adaika anthu 37 omwe ali ndi matenda opweteka m'mimba (IBS) komanso amadzimva kuti ali ndi vuto la gluteni pa chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP asanawapatse gilateni wokhawokha - m'malo mwa tirigu wokhala ndi gluten ngati tirigu ().

Giluteni wosungulumwa sanakhudze ophunzira ().

Kafukufukuyu adatsimikiza kuti kutengeka kwa anthuwa komwe kumayesedwa kuti ndi gluten kumawonjezera chidwi cha ma FODMAP.

Sikuti tirigu amangokhala ndi ma carbs amtunduwu, koma ma FODMAP amayambitsanso zizindikilo za IBS (32,,).

Kafukufuku wina adathandizira izi. Zinawulula kuti anthu omwe amadzimva kuti ali ndi vuto la gluten sanachite ndi gluten koma a fructans, gulu la FODMAP mu tirigu ().

Ngakhale ma FODMAP pakadali pano akukhulupirira kuti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chodzinenera kuti ali ndi vuto lakumva, gluten sanathetsedwe kwathunthu.

Pakafukufuku wina, ma FODMAP ndiwo omwe adayambitsa matenda mwa anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi vuto la gluten. Komabe, ofufuza akuganiza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda amtundu wa gluten chimathandizira kuti ().

Komabe, asayansi ambiri amati kukhudzidwa kwa tirigu kapena kusagwirizana ndi tirigu ndizolemba zolondola kuposa kuzindikira kwa gilateni (, 30).

Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti tirigu wamakono amakula kwambiri kuposa mitundu yakale monga einkorn ndi kamut (,).

Ma FODMAP - osati gluten - amawoneka ngati omwe amayambitsa mavuto am'magazi pakumverera kopanda celiac. Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti kukhudzidwa kwa tirigu ndi dzina loyenerana kwambiri ndi izi.

Mfundo yofunika

Gluten ndi tirigu ndi zabwino kwa anthu ena koma osati kwa ena.

Ngati simulabadira tirigu kapena zinthu zomwe zili ndi gluteni, mutha kupewa zakudya izi. Mwinanso mungakambirane za matenda anu ndi wothandizira zaumoyo.

Ngati mwasankha kupewa gilateni, sankhani zakudya zonse zomwe sizikhala ndi gluteni. Ndibwino kuti tipewe zinthu zopanda Gluten, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakonzedwa bwino.