Hemochromatosis: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za hemochromatosis
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Zifukwa za hemochromatosis
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zakudya zizikhala bwanji

Hemochromatosis ndi matenda omwe amakhala ndi chitsulo chochulukirapo mthupi, chomwe chimalimbikitsa kudzikundikira kwa mchere m'ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi ndikuwonekera kwamavuto monga chiwindi cha chiwindi, matenda ashuga, kuda kwa khungu, kulephera kwa mtima, kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe kapena matenda opatsirana pogonana, mwachitsanzo.

Chithandizo cha hemochromatosis chikuwonetsedwa ndi a hematologist, omwe ali ndi ma phlebotomies, omwe amachotsedwa magazi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti chitsulo chosungidwira chimasamutsidwa kumaselo ofiira ofiira amthupi omwe thupi limatulutsa, ndipo nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito ma chelator mthupi atha ayeneranso kuwonetsedwa. chitsulo, chifukwa zimathandizira pakuchotsa kwake.

Zizindikiro za hemochromatosis

Zizindikiro za hemochromatosis zimayamba pamene milingo yazitsulo imazungulira m'magazi kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziyikidwe m'ziwalo zina monga chiwindi, mtima, kapamba, khungu, malo olumikizirana mafupa, machende, thumba losunga mazira, chithokomiro ndi pituitary gland. Chifukwa chake, zizindikilo zazikulu zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Kutopa;
• Zofooka;
• Matenda a chiwindi;
• Matenda ashuga;
• Mtima kulephera ndi arrhythmias;
• Ululu wophatikizana;
• Kusakhala msambo.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina, chitsulo chochulukirapo chimatha kubweretsa kusowa pogonana, kusabereka komanso hypothyroidism. Dziwani zizindikiro zina zomwe zimawonetsa chitsulo chowonjezera.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Kuzindikira kwa hemacromatosis kumayambitsidwa poyesa kuwunika kwa mayeso ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kwawonetsedwa ndi a hematologist kapena wothandizira wamba kuti awone kuchuluka kwazitsulo zomwe zimapezeka mthupi, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa ferritin ndi machulukitsidwe a transferrin, omwe akukhudzana kusunga ndi kunyamula chitsulo mthupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayesero ena atha kulamulidwa kuti athandizire kufufuza zomwe zimayambitsa hemochromatosis, ndipo zotsatirazi zitha kulimbikitsidwa:

• Kuyesedwa kwachibadwa, zomwe zingasonyeze kusintha kwa majini omwe amayambitsa matenda;
• Chiwindi, makamaka pamene sizinatheke kutsimikizira matendawa kapena kutsimikizira chitsulo chosungira chiwindi;
• Kuyesedwa kwa Phlebotomy, zomwe zimachitika ndikuchotsa magazi ndikuwunika mayendedwe achitsulo, kuwonetsedwa makamaka kwa anthu omwe sangachite chiwindi kapena komwe kumakayikirabe za matendawa;

A hematologist amathanso kufunsa kuchuluka kwa michere ya chiwindi, kufufuza momwe ntchito imagwirira ntchito kapena kuyika chitsulo m'ziwalo zomwe zingakhudzidwe, komanso kupatula matenda ena omwe angayambitse zofananira.

Hemochromatosis iyenera kufufuzidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zisonyezo zoyipa, pakakhala matenda osaneneka a chiwindi, matenda ashuga, matenda amtima, kulephera kugonana kapena matenda olumikizana, komanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi achibale oyamba omwe ali ndi matendawa kapena omwe asintha pamitengo ya magazi amayesa chitsulo.

Zifukwa za hemochromatosis

Hemochromatosis itha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini kapena chifukwa cha matenda okhudzana ndi kuwonongedwa kwa maselo ofiira, omwe amalimbikitsa kutulutsa chitsulo m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi chifukwa chake, hemochromatosis itha kugawidwa kukhala:

• Cholowa cha hemochromatosis, kuti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matendawa komanso kuti zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini omwe amachititsa kuti chitsulo chiziyamwa bwino, chomwe chimayamba kulowetsedwa kwambiri, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwazitsulo m'thupi;
• Sekondale kapena haemochromatosis yopezeka, momwe kusungunuka kwachitsulo kumachitika chifukwa cha zochitika zina, makamaka hemoglobinopathies, momwe kuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira amamasula chitsulo chochuluka m'magazi. Zina mwazimene zimachitika ndikubwezeretsedwa magazi, matenda enaake owopsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala am'magazi, mwachitsanzo.

Ndikofunikira kuti chifukwa cha hemochromatosis chizindikiridwe ndi adotolo, chifukwa ndizotheka kuti chithandizo choyenera kwambiri chikuwonetsedwa, kuthandiza kupewa zovuta ndikuchepetsa zizindikilo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi chitsulo chowonjezera.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Cholowa cha hemochromatosis chilibe mankhwala, komabe, chithandizo chitha kuchitidwa ngati njira yochepetsera masitolo azitsulo m'magazi ndikupewa kuyika ziwalo. Chifukwa chake, munthawiyi, njira yayikulu yothandizira ndi phlebotomy, yotchedwanso kutuluka magazi, momwe gawo lina la magazi limachotsedwera kuti chitsulo chowonjezera chikhale gawo la maselo ofiira atsopano omwe thupi limatulutsa.

Chithandizochi chimakhala ndi gawo loyambirira mwamphamvu, koma ndikofunikira kupanga magawo osamalira, momwe pafupifupi 350 mpaka 450 ml ya magazi amatengedwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata. Kenako, magawowa atha kugawana malingana ndi zotsatira za mayeso otsatira, omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi hematologist.

Njira ina yothandizira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti iron chelators kapena "scavengers", monga Desferroxamine, chifukwa amalimbikitsa kuchepa kwa magawo azitsulo. Mankhwalawa amawonetsedwa kwa anthu omwe sangathe kulekerera phlebotomy, makamaka omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kulephera kwa mtima kapena kufooka kwa chiwindi.

Onani zambiri zamankhwala achitsulo owonjezera m'magazi.

Zakudya zizikhala bwanji

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chomwe dokotala wasonyeza, ndikofunikanso kusamala ndi chakudya, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipewe kumwa mopitirira muyeso zakudya zokhala ndi chitsulo. Malangizo ena okhudzana ndi chakudya ndi awa:

• Pewani kudya nyama yambiri, posankha nyama yoyera;
• Idyani nsomba mwina kawiri pa sabata;
• Pewani kudya masamba azitsulo, monga sipinachi, beets kapena nyemba zobiriwira, koposa kamodzi pa sabata;
• Idyani mkate wathunthu wa tirigu m'malo mwa mkate woyera kapena wachitsulo;
• Idyani tchizi, mkaka kapena yogurt tsiku lililonse chifukwa calcium imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo;
• Pewani kudya zipatso zowuma, monga zoumba, zochuluka kwambiri chifukwa zimakhala ndi chitsulo.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthuyo ayenera kupewa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi komanso kuti asadye mavitamini othandizira ndi ayironi ndi vitamini C, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti ayambe kuyamwa.