Chiwindi A: chimene chiri, zizindikiro, kufala ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu za hepatitis A
• Kutumiza ndi kupewa kuli bwanji
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Hepatitis A ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo m'banja la Picornavirus, HAV, lomwe limayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi. Kachilomboka kamayambitsa, nthawi zambiri, kofatsa komanso kanthawi kochepa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kamakhala kosalekeza monga hepatitis B kapena C.

Komabe, anthu omwe ali ofooka kapena ofooka chitetezo chokwanira, monga omwe ali ndi matenda osagwirizana a shuga, khansa ndi Edzi, mwachitsanzo, atha kukhala ndi matenda owopsa, omwe amatha kupha.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hepatitis A

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis A samayambitsa zizindikilo, ndipo amatha kuzindikirika. Komabe, zikawonekera, nthawi zambiri pakati pa masiku 15 ndi 40 atadwala, omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:

• Kutopa;
• Chizungulire;
• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Kutentha kwakukulu;
• Mutu;
• Kuwawa kwam'mimba;
• Khungu lachikaso ndi maso;
• Mkodzo wamdima;
• Zojambula zowala.

Pazovuta kwambiri, momwe zilonda za chiwindi zimawonekera, zizindikirazo zimatha kuwonekera kwambiri, monga kutentha thupi kwambiri, kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza mobwerezabwereza komanso khungu lachikaso kwambiri. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimawonetsa chiwindi chathunthu, momwe chiwindi chimasiya kugwira ntchito. Kusintha kuchokera ku hepatitis A kupita pachimake cha hepatitis ndikosowa, kumachitika milandu yochepera 1%. Dziwani zizindikiro zina za matenda a chiwindi a A.

Kuzindikira kwa hepatitis A kumapangidwa ndi kuyesa magazi, pomwe ma antibodies a virus amadziwika, omwe amapezeka m'magazi patatha milungu ingapo kuchokera pamene awonongeka. Mayeso ena amwazi, monga AST ndi ALT, amathanso kukhala othandiza pofufuza kuchuluka kwa kutupa kwa chiwindi.

Kutumiza ndi kupewa kuli bwanji

Njira yayikulu yofalitsira matenda a chiwindi a A ndiyodutsa pakamwa, ndiye kuti, kudzera pakudya ndi madzi omwe adayipitsidwa ndi ndowe za anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Chifukwa chake, chakudya chikaphikidwa popanda ukhondo pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kusambira m'madzi okhala ndi zimbudzi kapena kudya zakudya za m'nyanja zomwe zili ndi kachilombo kumawonjezeranso mwayi wokhala ndi chiwindi cha hepatitis A. Chifukwa chake, kuti mudziteteze, tikulimbikitsidwa:

• Pezani katemera wa hepatitis A., yomwe imapezeka ku SUS kwa ana kuyambira 1 mpaka 2 wazaka kapena makamaka azaka zina;
• Sambani m'manja mutapita kubafa, kusintha matewera kapena musanaphike chakudya;
• Kuphika chakudya bwino musanadye, makamaka nsomba;
• Kusamba zotsatira zake, monga zodulira, mbale, magalasi ndi mabotolo;
• Osasambira m'madzi owonongeka kapena kusewera pafupi ndi malo awa;
• Nthawi zonse imwani madzi osefa kapena owiritsa.

Anthu omwe atengeka kwambiri ndi matendawa ndi omwe amakhala kapena amapita kumalo opanda ukhondo komanso opanda ukhondo, komanso ana ndi anthu omwe amakhala m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri, monga malo osungira ana nyumba zosungira anthu okalamba.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Popeza matenda a chiwindi a A ndi matenda ofatsa, nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chamankhwala chimachitika kokha ndi mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikilo, monga zothetsa ululu ndi mankhwala amiseru, kuphatikiza pakuwuza kuti munthuyo apume ndikumwa madzi ambiri kuti azimwetsa ndikuthandizira galasi kuti achire. Zakudyazo zizikhala zopepuka, kutengera masamba ndi masamba.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimatha pakadutsa masiku 10, ndipo munthuyo amachira patatha miyezi iwiri. Chifukwa chake, munthawi imeneyi, ngati mukukhala ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi matendawa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito sodium hypochlorite kapena bleach kutsuka bafa, kuti muchepetse kuyipitsidwa. Onani zambiri zamankhwala amtundu wa hepatitis A.

Onaninso kanemayo pansipa zomwe mungadye mukadwala matenda a chiwindi: