Autoimmune matenda a chiwindi: chimene chiri, zizindikiro zazikulu, matenda ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Autoimmune matenda a chiwindi pa mimba
• Momwe mungatsimikizire
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Matenda a hepatitis omwe amadziwika kuti ndi autoimmune ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kutupa kwa chiwindi kosatha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chitetezo chamthupi, chomwe chimayamba kuzindikira kuti maselo ake ndi achilendo ndikuwakantha, kuchititsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi komanso mawonekedwe azizindikiro monga kupweteka m'mimba, khungu lachikaso komanso nseru wamphamvu.

Matenda a hepatitis omwe amadzitchinjiriza nthawi zambiri amawonekera asanakwanitse zaka 30 ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, zomwe mwina zimakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa majini, sizikudziwika, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti si matenda opatsirana, chifukwa chake, sangathe kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda a chiwindi omwe amadziwika kuti ndi autoimmune amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Sakanizani mtundu wa hepatitis 1: ofala kwambiri pakati pa 16 ndi 30 wazaka, amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa ma antibodies a FAN ndi AML pakuyesa magazi, ndipo atha kuphatikizidwa ndi kuwonekera kwa matenda ena amthupi okha, monga thyroiditis, matenda a celiac, synovitis ndi ulcerative colitis;
• Sakanizani mtundu wa hepatitis 2: imawonekera mwa ana azaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 14, anti-anti-LKM1, ndipo imatha kuwoneka limodzi ndi mtundu wa 1 shuga, vitiligo ndi autoimmune thyroiditis;

• Sakanizani mtundu wa hepatitis 3: ofanana ndi mtundu wa 1 autoimmune hepatitis, wokhala ndi anti-SLA / LP antibody, koma wowopsa kwambiri kuposa mtundu 1.

  
  

Ngakhale kulibe mankhwala, chiwindi cha autoimmune chimatha kuwongoleredwa bwino ndi mankhwala, omwe amachitika ndi mankhwala oletsa chitetezo, monga Prednisone ndi Azathioprine, kuphatikiza pa chakudya chamagulu, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi chimanga, zomwe zimapewa. - kumwa mowa, mafuta, owonjezera otetezera komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuchita opaleshoni kapena kuika chiwindi kumangowonetsedwa pamavuto akulu kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za chiwindi cha autoimmune nthawi zambiri sizikhala zenizeni ndipo chithunzi chachipatala chimatha kusiyanasiyana ndi wodwala asymptomatic mpaka kupezeka kwa chiwindi kulephera. Chifukwa chake, zizindikilo zazikulu zomwe zitha kuwonetsa chiwindi cha autoimmune ndi:

• Kutopa kwambiri;
• Kutaya njala;
• Kupweteka kwa minofu;
• Nthawi zonse m'mimba ululu;
• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Khungu lachikaso ndi maso, amatchedwanso jaundice;
• Thupi lofewa;
• Ululu wophatikizana;
• Mimba yotupa.

Kawirikawiri matendawa amayamba pang'onopang'ono, kupita pang'onopang'ono kuyambira masabata mpaka miyezi mpaka kumayambitsa matenda a chiwindi ndi kutayika kwa ntchito, ngati matendawa sakudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, matendawa amatha kukulira msanga, kutchedwa chiwindi chotchedwa fulminant hepatitis, chomwe ndi choopsa kwambiri ndipo chitha kupha. Dziwani kuti ndi chiyani komanso kuopsa kwa chiwindi chotupa.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthawi zochepa, matendawa sangayambitse zizindikilo, kupezeka pamayeso wamba, omwe akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa michere ya chiwindi. Ndikofunika kuti matendawa apangidwe msanga kuti chithandizochi chikhazikitsidwe posachedwa ndi adotolo, kuti athe kupewa zovuta, monga chiwindi, ascites ndi encephalopathy ya hepatic.

Autoimmune matenda a chiwindi pa mimba

Zizindikiro za matenda otupa chiwindi a mthupi mwa mayi ali ndi pakati ndizofanana ndi matendawa nthawi imeneyi ndipo ndikofunikira kuti mayiyo apite limodzi ndi azamba kuti awone ngati palibe zowopsa kwa iye ndi mwana, zomwe sizodziwika pomwe matendawa akupezekabe koyambirira.

Mwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda otukuka kwambiri ndipo ali ndi vuto la matenda enaake, kuwunika kumakhala kofunika kwambiri, chifukwa pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha kubadwa msanga, kuchepa thupi komanso kufunika kwa njira yosiya kubereka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti wothandizira odwala azinena chithandizo chabwino kwambiri, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimachitika ndi corticosteroid, monga Prednisone.

Momwe mungatsimikizire

Kuzindikira kwa chiwindi cha autoimmune kumachitika pofufuza zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthuyo komanso zotsatira za mayeso a labotale omwe ayenera kupemphedwa ndi dokotala. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayesa kutsimikizira kuti matenda amtundu wa autoimmune ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi, momwe chidutswa cha chiwalo ichi chimasonkhanitsidwa ndikutumizidwa ku labotale kuti akawone kusintha kwa minofu yomwe imawonetsa matenda a chiwindi.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amatha kuyitanitsa kuyeza kwa michere ya chiwindi, monga TGO, TGP ndi alkaline phosphatase, kuphatikiza muyeso wa ma immunoglobulins, antibodies ndi serology a hepatitis A, B ndi C ma virus.

Khalidwe la munthu limaganiziridwanso panthawi yomwe amapezeka, monga kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ndi owopsa pachiwindi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawononge zina zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto a chiwindi.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Kuchiza kwa chiwindi cha autoimmune kumawonetsedwa ndi a hepatologist kapena gastroenterologist, ndipo amayamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a corticosteroid, monga Prednisone, kapena ma immunosuppressants, monga Azathioprine, omwe amachepetsa kutupa kwa chiwindi poyiyang'anira pazaka zambiri, ndipo atha kukhala zachitika kunyumba. Nthawi zina, makamaka kwa achinyamata, kugwiritsa ntchito Prednisone kuphatikiza Azathioprine kungalimbikitsidwe kuti muchepetse zovuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi hepatitis yodziyimira panokha azidya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, kupewa kumwa mowa kapena kudya zakudya zonenepa kwambiri, monga masoseji ndi zokhwasula-khwasula.

Pazovuta kwambiri, momwe sizingatheke kuletsa kutupa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, opaleshoni yokhazikitsira chiwindi, yomwe imakhala m'malo mwa chiwindi chodwala ndi yathanzi, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, chifukwa matenda a chiwindi oteteza thupi ku autoimmune amalumikizana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi osati chiwindi, pambuyo pouika nkutheka kuti matendawa adzayambiranso.