Hepatosplenomegaly: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Ntchito za chiwindi ndi ndulu
• Zizindikiro
• Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa
• Matenda
• Matenda a hematological
• Matenda amadzimadzi
• Zochitika zina
• Mwa ana
• Matendawa
• Zovuta
• Chithandizo
• Chiwonetsero
• Kupewa

Chidule

Hepatosplenomegaly (HPM) ndimatenda pomwe chiwindi ndi ndulu zimafufuma kuposa kukula kwake, chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo.

Dzinalo la vutoli - hepatosplenomegaly - limachokera m'mawu awiri omwe amaphatikizapo:

• hepatomegaly: kutupa kapena kukulitsa chiwindi
• splenomegaly: kutupa kapena kukulitsa ndulu

Si milandu yonse ya HPM yovuta. Zina zitha kuyeretsedwa popanda kuchitapo kanthu pang'ono. Komabe, HPM imatha kuwonetsa vuto lalikulu, monga vuto losungira lysosomal kapena khansa.

Ntchito za chiwindi ndi ndulu

Chiwindi chili ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza kuchotsa magazi mwazi, kupanga mapuloteni, komanso kulimbana ndi matenda. Imakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira popanga zonse amino acid ndi salt salt.

Thupi lanu limafuna chitsulo kuti apange maselo ofiira ofiira, ndipo chiwindi chanu chimapanga ndikusunga chitsulo. Mwinanso gawo lodziwika bwino la chiwindi chanu ndi kukonza zinyalala za thupi lanu, zomwe zimatha kutulutsidwa.

Nthata ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo za thupi lanu chomwe, mwazonse, chosamvetsetseka ndi anthu ambiri. Nduluyo ili ndi malo ofunikira m'thupi lanu. Zimamuthandiza kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe ndi mabakiteriya, mavairasi, kapena tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa matenda. Kenako amapanga ma antibodies kuti amenyane nawo.

Ndulu yanu imayeretsanso magazi ndipo amapangidwa ndi zamkati zofiira ndi zoyera zofunika kupanga ndi kuyeretsa maselo amwazi. Phunzirani zambiri za nthata.

Zizindikiro

Anthu omwe ali ndi hepatosplenomegaly amatha kunena chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• kutopa
• ululu

Zizindikiro zina, zomwe zingakhale zovuta, ndizo:

• kupweteka m'mimba mdera lakumanja
• kukoma mtima m'chigawo choyenera cham'mimba
• nseru ndi kusanza
• kutupa pamimba
• malungo
• kuyabwa kosalekeza
• jaundice, yosonyezedwa ndi maso achikaso ndi khungu
• mkodzo wabulauni
• chopondapo cha utoto

Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa

Zowopsa za hepatomegaly ndizo:

• kunenepa kwambiri
• uchidakwa
• khansa ya chiwindi
• matenda a chiwindi
• matenda ashuga
• cholesterol yambiri

Splenomegaly imayambitsidwa ndi hepatomegaly pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya nthawiyo. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi:

Matenda

• pachimake tizilombo chiwindi
• matenda opatsirana mononucleosis, omwe amadziwikanso kuti glandular fever kapena "matenda opsompsona" omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr
• cytomegalovirus, mkhalidwe m'banja la herpes virus
• brucellosis, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana kudzera mu zakudya zowononga kapena kukhudzana ndi nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka
• malungo, matenda ofalitsidwa ndi udzudzu omwe angaike pangozi moyo
• leishmaniasis, matenda oyamba ndi tiziromboti Leishmania ndikufalikira kudzera kuluma kwa ntchentche ya mchenga
• schistosomiasis, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi nyongolotsi ya parasitic yomwe imadwala mkodzo kapena matumbo
• mliri wa septicemic, womwe umayambitsidwa ndi Yersinia pestis matenda ndipo akhoza kuopseza moyo

Matenda a hematological

• Matenda a myeloproliferative, omwe mafupa ake amapanga maselo ambiri
• khansa ya m'magazi, kapena khansa ya m'mafupa
• lymphoma, kapena chotupa chama cell am'magazi am'magazi
• sickle cell anemia, matenda obadwa nawo amwazi omwe amapezeka mwa ana momwe ma hemoglobin samatha kusamutsira mpweya
• thalassemia, matenda obadwa nawo omwe hemoglobin amapangidwa modabwitsa
• myelofibrosis, khansa yosawerengeka ya m'mafupa

Matenda amadzimadzi

• Niemann-Pick matenda, vuto lalikulu la kagayidwe kake kamene kamakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta m'maselo
• Matenda a Gaucher, chibadwa chomwe chimayambitsa kudzikundikira kwamafuta m'ziwalo ndi maselo osiyanasiyana
• Matenda a Hurler, matenda amtundu wokhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka chakufa msanga kudzera kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo

Zochitika zina

• matenda aakulu a chiwindi, kuphatikizapo matenda a chiwindi
• amyloidosis, osowa, osadziwika modzidzimutsa a mapuloteni opindidwa
• systemic lupus erythematosus, mtundu wodziwika bwino wa matenda amthupi omwe amadziwika kuti lupus
• sarcoidosis, mkhalidwe womwe maselo otupa amawonekera m'ziwalo zosiyanasiyana
• trypanosomiasis, matenda opatsirana kudzera mwa kuluma kwa ntchentche yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka
• kusowa kwa sulfatase kambiri, kusowa kwa enzyme kosowa
• osteopetrosis, matenda obadwa nawo omwe mafupa amakhala ovuta komanso olimba kuposa masiku onse

Mwa ana

Zomwe zimayambitsa hepatosplenomegaly mwa ana zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:

• akhanda: zovuta zosungira ndi thalassemia
• makanda: chiwindi sichitha kukonza glucocerebroside, chomwe chitha kuwononga kwambiri dongosolo lamanjenje
• ana okalamba: malungo, kala azar, enteric fever, ndi sepsis

Matendawa

Izi ndi mayeso angapo omwe dokotala angakulamulire kuti athandizire kuzindikira kwa hepatosplenomegaly. Izi ndi:

• ultrasound, yomwe imalimbikitsidwa pambuyo poti m'mimba mwanu mumapezeka pakuyesa kwakuthupi
• CT scan, yomwe imatha kuwulula chiwindi chokulitsa kapena ndulu komanso ziwalo zozungulira
• kuyesa magazi, kuphatikiza kuyesa kwa chiwindi komanso kuyezetsa magazi
• Kujambula kwa MRI kuti atsimikizire matenda atawunika

Zovuta

Zovuta zodziwika bwino za hepatosplenomegaly ndi izi:

• magazi
• magazi mu chopondapo
• magazi m'masanzi
• chiwindi kulephera
• matenda a ubongo

Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha hepatosplenomegaly chimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.

Zotsatira zake, njira yabwino kwambiri kwa inu ndikulankhula ndi dokotala za momwe mukudziwira komanso momwe angakulimbikitsireni chithandizo.

Atha kunena kuti:

• Kusintha moyo wanu pokambirana ndi dokotala. Zolinga zanu zonse ziyenera kukhala kusiya kumwa mowa, kapena, kuchepetsa kumwa mowa momwe mungathere; kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi momwe mungathere; ndipo musangalale ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Nawa maupangiri othandizira kutsatira zakudya zabwino.
• Kupuma, hydration, ndi mankhwala. Matenda ena ochepetsa omwe amatsogolera ku hepatosplenomegaly amatha kuthandizidwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera ndikupuma kwinaku mukuwonetsetsa kuti musataye madzi m'thupi. Ngati muli ndi matenda opatsirana, chithandizo chanu chidzakhala kawiri: mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro ndi mankhwala enaake kuti athetse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Mankhwala a khansa. Ngati chomwe chimayambitsa khansa, muyenera mankhwala oyenera omwe angaphatikizepo chemotherapy, radiotherapy, ndi opaleshoni kuti muchotse chotupacho.
• Kuika chiwindi. Ngati vuto lanu ndilolimba, monga kukhala kumapeto kwa matenda a chiwindi, mungafune kumuika chiwindi. Phunzirani zowona zakuwonjezera chiwindi.

Chiwonetsero

Chifukwa cha zoyambitsa zosiyanasiyana, hepatosplenomegaly ilibe zotsatira zake. Mkhalidwe wanu umadalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zoyambitsa, kuopsa kwake, ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira.

HPM yoyambirira imapezeka ndikuchiritsidwa, zimakhala bwino. Onani dokotala wanu ngati muwona zachilendo kapena mukuganiza kuti china chake sichili bwino.

Kupewa

Chifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa hepatosplenomegaly ndizosiyanasiyana, sizingalephereke nthawi zonse. Komabe, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kumangothandiza. Pewani mowa, muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso muzidya zakudya zabwino kuti muchepetse zina zomwe zimawopsa.